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Ernest Klein
A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary Of The Hebrew Language For Readers Of English (https://www.sefaria.org/Klein_Dictionary) Carta Jerusalem; 1st edition, 1987 ר Resh |
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ר The twentieth letter of the Heb. alphabet. The name of the letter, רֵישׁ (‘resh’), is Aram., and lit. means ‘head’; so called in allusion to the ancient form of this letter. In PBH it has the numerical value of two hundred. ר alternates with ל and נ (see the introductory entries to these letters). ר often serves for the dissimilation of the reduplication of a consonant. So, e.g., דַּרְמֶשֶׂק is a dissimilated form of דַּמֶשֶׂק (= Damascus). In this way many bases and words have been enlarged into quadriliterals; cp. e.g. BAram. כָּרֽסֵא (= chair), which is prob. a loan word from Akka. kussu (= chair, throne), whence prob. also Heb. כִּסֵּא; base כרסם (= to chew, gnaw, devour), dissimilated from כסם (= to shear, clip); שַׁרְבִיט (= scepter), enlarged from שֵׁבֶט (of s.m.); סַרֽעַפָּה (= branch), enlarged from סֽעַפָּה (of s.m.); שַׂרְעַפִּים (= thoughts), enlarged from שֽׂעִפִּים (of s.m.). Sometimes ר is assimilated to the following consonant; so כִּרֽכַּר becomes כִּכָּר (see כִּכָּר ᴵ, כִּכָּר ᴵᴵ, כִּכָּר ᴵᴵᴵ). ◌ָר PBH suff. forming nomina opificum. [From the ending of סַנֽדְּלָר (= sandal maker), from Gk. sandalarios. Hence ◌ָר properly corresponds to Gk. suff. – arios, L. – ārius. Already in the time of the Talmud this ending was used as a suff. to form the noun חֲלִיטָר (= pastry maker) from חֲלִיטָה (= pastry). cp. סְמַרְטוּטָר.] ראה to see. רָאָה f.n. vulture. [Another version for דָּאָה (q.v.).] רֵאָה f.n. PBH lung, lungs. [Related to Aram. רֵיאָה, Syr. רָאֽתָה, Arab. riya — lung, lungs), Akka. irtu (= chest). These words prob. derive from base ורה, ירה — cp. לֵדָה (= birth), from ולד, ילד (= to bear, beget) — which appears in Arab. warā(y) (= he wounded someone in the lungs), wary (= pus in the lungs).] רַאֲוָה f.n. sight, exhibition (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 28:17). [Properly, Qal inf. of רָאָה (= he saw). See ראה and first suff. ◌ָה. For other Qal infinitives with the ending ◌ָה see אַהֲבָה and words there referred to.] Derivative: רַאַוְתָן. רָאוּי adj. worthy, fit, suitable. [Pass. part. of רָאָה (= he saw); see ראה. Properly loan translation of Aram. חָזֵי. רַאֲוָנִי adj. NH a collateral form of רַאַוֽתָנִי. רְאוּת f.n. seeing, sight (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Eccles. 5:10). [From ראה.] רַאַוְתָן m.n. NH exhibitionist. [Formed from רַאֲוָה (= sight), with suff. ◌תָן.] Derivatives: רַאַוֽתָנוּת, רַאַזֽתָנִי. רַאַוְתָנוּת f.n. NH exhibitionism. [Formed from רַאַוְתָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רַאַוְתָנִי adj. NH exhibitionistic. [Formed from רַאַוְתָן with suff. ◌ִי.] רְאִי ᴵ m.n. (pl. רֽאָיִים) 1 mirror (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 37:18). NH 2 –scope (in compound words). [From ראה. cp. the first element in רְאִיקוֹלִי.] רְאִי ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH appearance, aspect. [From ראה. cp. הֲרֵי.] רֳאִי ᴵ m.n. 1 seeing, sight. 2 appearance, figure. [From ראה.] רֳאִי ᴵᴵ m.n. excrement, dung (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Nah. 3:6). [A secondary form of רֽעִי ᴵᴵ.] רְאִיָּה f.n. 1 seeing, looking. 2 appearance in the Temple in Jerusalem. 3 pollution, menstruation. [Verbal n. of רָאָה. See ראה and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְאָיָה f.n. PBH evidence, proof. [Prob. shortened from הַרְאָיָה (= showing), verbal n. of הֶרְאָה (= he showed), Hiph. of ראה. The initial ה was mistaken for the article and accordingly dropped. For sense development cp. L. ēvidentia (= clearness; proof), which is formed from ē (= out of), and vidēre (= to see).] רֵאָיוֹן m.n. (pl. רַאֲיוֹנוֹת) PBH 1 appearance in the Temple, pilgrimage to the Temple. NH 2 appointment for a meeting. NH 3 interview. [From ראה. For the ending see suff. ◌וֹן.] Derivative: ראין. רִאְיוּן m.n. NH interview. [Verbal n. of רִאְיֵן. See ראין.] רְאִיּוּת f.n. NH visibility. [Formed from ראה with suff. ◌וּת.] ראין to interview. רְאִינֽוֹעַ m.n. NH cinematograph; movie(s). [Coined by Eliezer ben Yehudah (1858–1922) from רֽאִי (= scope; see רְאִי ᴵ), and נוֹעַ (= to move). cp. the second element in כֵּסְנוֹעַ, קוֹלְנוֹעַ.] Derivative: רֽאִינוֹעִי. רְאִינוֹעִי adj. cinematographic. [Coined by Ithamar Ben-Avi (1882–1943) from רֽאִינוֹעַ and suff. ◌ִי.] רְאִיקוֹלִי adj. NH audio-visual. [Formed from רְאִי ᴵ (= –scope), קוֹל (= sound, voice), and suff. ◌ִי.] ראם to rise, be high. רְאֵם (also רְאֵים and רֵים) m.n. buffalo, wild ox. [Related to Aram. רֽאֵמָא, רֵימָא, רֵימָנָא Syr. רַיֽמָא (= wild ox, buffalo), Ugar. rm, Akka. rīmu, Arab. ri’m (= white antelope).] רָאמָה f.n. a kind of a precious stone (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 27:16 and Job 28:18, in the pl. רָאמוֹת). [Of uncertain origin; usually rendered by ‘coral’. Some scholars connect it with Arab. ra’ma (= seashell).] רָאמוֹת adj. pl. high things (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Pr. 24:7). [Prob. another spelling for רָמוֹת (= high things). See רָם.] רֹאשׁ ᴵ m.n. 1 head. 2 chief, leader. 3 top, summit. 4 beginning. 5 division, part, section. 6 number, sum. 7 principal, capital. NH 8 basis, foundation. [Related to Phoen. ראשׁ, רֹא, BAram. רֵאשׁ, JAram.–Syr. רֵישָׁא, Egypt.–Arab. ראש, Ugar. rish, Arab. ra’s, Ethiop. re’s, Akka. rīshu, rāshu (= head). For words in the IE languages traceable to Heb. רֹאשׁ ᴵ or Arab. ra’s see ‘race’ (= tribe), ‘rais’ and ‘reis’ in my CEDEL.] Derivatives: רֹאשָׁה, רִאשׁוֹן, רָאשִׁי, רֵאשִׁית, רֹאשִׁישׁ, רֹאשָׁן, רָאשׁוּת ᴵ, מְרַאֲשׁוֹת. cp. רֵישׁ ᴵ, רֵישׁ ᴵᴵ and רֵישָׁא, רֵישָׁה. cp. also the second element in סָרִיס. ראשׁ ᴵᴵ m.n. (also spelt רוֹשׁ) venom. [Of unknown etymology.] רֹאשָׁה f.n. top, (from אֶבֶן הָרֹאשָׁה, ‘the topmost stone’ — a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Zech. 4:7). [From רֹאשׁ (= head). For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רִאשׁוֹן adj. 1 first. 2 former, previous. 3 superior. [Formed with adj. suff. ◌וֹן from רֹאשׁ (= head) through dissimilation of the vowels ō–ō to ī–ō. For other words formed through vowel dissimilation cp. חִיצוֹן and words there referred to.] Derivatives: רִאשׁוֹנָה, רִאשׁוֹנוּת, רִאשׁוֹנִי. רִאשׁוֹנָה adv. 1 first, before. 2 in the first place. [Adverbial use of the f. of רִאשׁוֹן.] רִאשׁוֹנוּת f.n. MH 1 antiquity. NH 2 preference, priority. [Formed from רִאשׁוֹן with suff. ◌וּת.] רִאשׁוֹנִי adj. 1 first (in this sense it is a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 25:1). NH 2 primary, original. [Formed from רִאשׁוֹן (= first) with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רִאשׁוֹנִיּוּת. רִאשׁוֹנִיּוּת f.n. NH 1 antiquity. 2 primacy, originality. [Formed from רִאשׁוֹנִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רָאשׁוּת f.n. PBH headship, primacy. [Formed from רֹאשׂ (= head), with suff. ◌וּת. cp. רָשׁוּת ᴵ.] רַאֲשׁוֹת see מְרַאֲשׁוֹת. רָאשִׁי adj. MH 1 chief, principal. 2 main, primary. [Formed from רֹאשׁ (= head, chief), with suff. ◌ִי.] רֹאשִׁיָּה f.n. NH 1 headpiece in the harness of an animal. 2 heading, header (term in football). [Formed from רֹאשׂ (= head), with suff. ◌ִיָּה.] רָאשִׁיוּת f.n. NH leadership. [Formed from רֹאשִׁיָּה with suff. ◌וּת.] רֹאשִׁישׁ m.n. NH 1 a small head. 2 capitulum (anatomy). [Dimin. formed from רֹאשׁ (= head), through reduplication of the third radical.] רֵאשִׁית f.n. 1 beginning. 2 first fruits. 3 choice, best part. [For רְאֵשׁית. Formed from רֹאשׁ (= head) with suff. ◌ִית. Influenced in form by its antonym אַחֲרִית (= end). cp. Syr. רַאשִׁיתָא (= beginning), which is the exact equivalent.] Derivative: רֵאשִׁיתִי. רֵאשִׁיתִי adj. NH primitive. [Formed from רֵאשִׁית with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רֵאשִׁיתִיּוּת. רֵאשִׁיתִיּוּת f.n. NH primitiveness. [Formed from רֵאשִׁיתִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רֹאשָׁן m.n. NH tadpole. [Lit.: ‘large-headed’; formed from רֹאשׁ (= head), with suff. ◌ָן.] רָאתָן m.n. NH (also spelt רָתָן) unidentified disease. [Of unknown origin.] רַב ᴵ adj. 1 much, many. 2 large, great. 3 mighty. 4 abounding, abundant. 5 honored, important. [From רבב ᴵ, whence also BAram. and Aram.–Syr. רַב, רַבָּא, Ugar. rb (= much, many). cp. רַבָּא.] Derivatives: רַבָּתִי ᴵ, רַבַּת, רַבִּיב. cp. the first element in רַבְגּוֹנִי, רַבְצֽדָדִי, רַבֽצַלְעוֹן, רַבֽקוֹלִי. רַב ᴵᴵ adv. enough. [From רַב ᴵ.] רַב ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. (pl. רַבִּים, also רַבּוֹת and רַבָּנִים) 1 lord, chief. PBH 2 master. PBH 3 teacher. PBH 4 ‘Rabbi’ — title of the Babylonian Amoraim. NH 5 ‘rabbi’ — spiritual head of a congregation. (The pl. is רַבִּים for sense 1, רַבּוֹת for senses 2, 3, 4 — used only with the possessive suffixes, as רַבּוֹתַי - and רַבָּנִים for sense 5.) [From רב ᴵ. cp. Aram.-Syr. רַב, רַבָּא (= prince, chief, captain, master, teacher), Ugar. rb (= chief), Akka. rabu (= chief). Arab. rabb (= lord, God) is probably an Aram. loan word.] Derivatives: רַב◌, רַבִּי, רַבָּן, רַבֵּנוּ. cp. the first element in רַבְשָׁקֵה. רַב ᴵⱽ m.n. bowman, archer. [From רבב ᴵᴵ.] רַב◌ NH combining form serving to form compound words denoting various military ranks in the Israeli army as רַב־סַמָּל (= sergeant-major), רַב־סֶרֶן (= major). [From רַב ᴵᴵᴵ (= chief).] רֹב m.n. (pl. רֻבִּים) 1 multitude. 2 great quantity, abundance. 3 majority. [Properly inf. of רָבַב; see רבב ᴵ.] Derivatives: רֻבִּי, רֻבָּנִי. רַבָּא, רַבָּה adj. PBH (f. רַבּֽתָא or רַבָּתִי) large, great, important. [Aram., (= Heb. רַב ᴵ). cp. רַבָּתִי ᴵᴵ.] רֻבָּא m.n. PBH 1 multitude. 2 great quantity. [Aram. (= Heb. רֹב).] רבב ᴵ to be or become many or much, to be or
become great. רבב ᴵᴵ to shoot. רבב ᴵᴵᴵ to make rain. רבב ᴵⱽ to
grease, to soil, to stain. רֽבָב m.n. PBH 1 grease, fat. 2 grease spot, stain. [According to some scholars derived from רבב ᴵ in the original sense ‘to be thick’. cp. Arab. rubb (= thick juice). cp. רְבָד.] Derivative: רבב ᴵⱽ. רְבָבָה f.n. ten thousand, myriad. [From רבב ᴵ, hence lit. meaning ‘a great quantity’. cp. Aram. רִבַּבְתָּא, Ugar. rbt, Arab. ribwa (= ten thousand), Ethiop. ’erbāb (= myriads). cp. the collateral form רִבּוֹא.] Derivative: רְבָבִית. רְבָבִית f.n. NH one ten-thousandth part. [Formed from רְבָבָה with suff. ◌ִית.] רבג prob. meaning ‘to heap up in disorder’. רַבְגּוֹנוּת, רַבְגּוֹנִיּוּת f.n. NH variegation, variegated appearance. [Formed from רַב (= much, many; see רַב ᴵ), גָּוֶן (= color), and suff. ◌וּת, resp. ◌ִיּוּת.] Derivative: רַבְגּוֹנִי. רַבְגּוֹנִי adj. NH multicolored, variegated. [See רַבְגּוֹנוּת and suff. ◌ִי.] רבד ᴵ to spread, lay out (bed or couch). רבד ᴵᴵ to put a necklace on someone’s neck. רֹֽבֶד m.n. PBH 1 a mosaic pavement. NH 2 a layer, stratum. [From רבד ᴵ.] Derivatives: רֽבֵדָה, רָבְדִּי. רֶֽבֶד m.n. MH carpet. [From רבד ᴵ.] רְבָד m.n. PBH a thick patch. [Another version for רְבָב. Prob. lit. meaning ‘something spread’, and derived from רבד ᴵ.] רְבֵדָה f.n. NH terrace, cuesta (geology). [Formed from רֹבֶד with first suff. ◌ָה.] רָבְדִּי adj. NH formed in layers, formed in strata. [Formed from רֹבֶד with suff. ◌ִי.] רבה ᴵ to be or became much, many, or great. רכה ᴵᴵ to shoot. [Related to רבב ᴵᴵ, prob. also to רמה ᴵ.] — The Qal occurs only in the act. part. רֹבֶה, used as a noun meaning ‘bowman, archer’. Derivatives: רְבִיָּה ᴵᴵ, רוֹבֶה ᴵ. רַבָּה see רַבָּא. רִבָּה f.n. NH jam, jelly. [Coined by Eliezer ben Yehudah (1858–1922) on the analogy of Arab. rubb (= thickened juice of fruit), mirabb (= jam, preserved fruit). See רבב ᴵ.] רִבּוֹ, רִבּוֹא f.n. (pl. רִבּוֹת and רִבּוֹאוֹת, dual רִבּוֹתַים) ten thousand. [cp. BAram. רִבּוֹ, JAram. רִבּוֹתָא, Syr. רִבּוֹ or רֶבּוּ, Palm. רבו. According to some scholars Heb. רִבּוֹ, resp. BAram. רִבּוֹ and Syr. רֶבּוֹ, are Phoen. loan words, properly the Phoen. pronunciation of רַבָּה (Phoen. וֹ = ◌ָה). According to others, however, Heb. רִבּוֹ is an aramaism. רִבּוֹ is a secondary form of רְבָבָה (q.v.).] רָבוּב adj. NH soiled, stained. [From רבב ᴵⱽ.] רְבוּבָה ᴵ f.n. PBH hollow, cavity. [Prob. a secondary form of נְבוּבָה. See נָבוּב and cp. רֽבוּבָה ᴵᴵ.] רְבוּבָה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH a tambourlike musical instrument. [From רבב = נבב (= to make hollow, hollow out; hence lit. meaning ‘a hollowed instrument’). cp. Arab. rabāb, rabāba (= ‘rebab’ — a stringed instrument of the Arabs resembling the fiddle). cp. ‘rebab’ in my CEDEL. cp. also רְבוּכָה ᴵ.] רָבוּד adj. MH 1 spread, laid out. NH 2 stratified. [Pass. part. of רָבַד. See רבד ᴵ.] רִבּוּד m.n. NH stratification. [Verbal n. of רִבֵּד, Pi. of רבד ᴵ.] רִבּוּי m.n. PBH 1 increase, plenty. PBH 2 extension of scope, amplification. MH 3 rearing, raising. MH 4 plural. [Verbal n. of רִבָּה, Pi. of רבה ᴵ.] רָבוּךְ adj. PBH mixed with hot water. [Qal part. of רָבַךְ. See רבך.] רִבּוּךְ m.n. NH mixing with hot water. [Verbal n. of רִבֵּךְ, Pi. of רבך.] רֶבוֹלוּצְיָה f.n. FW revolution. [Late L. revolūtiō (= return; revolution of the stars), from L. revolūtus, p. part. of revolvere (= to roll back, revolve), from re– (= back; again), and volvere (= to roll, roll along, turn about). See אֵיבוֹלוּצֽיָה.] Derivative: רֶבוֹלוּצֽיוֹנִי. רֶבוֹלוּצְיוֹנִי adj. FW revolutionist, revolutionary. [Formed from רֶבוֹלוּצְיָה with suff. ◌וֹנִי.] רֶבוֹלוּצְיוֹנֶר m.n. FW revolutionist. [Fren. révolutionnaire, from révolution, from Late L. revolūtiō. See רֶבוֹלוּצְיָה. For the ending of révolutionnaire see suff. ‘–ary’ in my CEDEL.] רִבּוֹן m.n. PBH master, lord, ruler. [Formed from רבב ᴵ with suff. ◌וֹן. cp. Aram. רִבּוֹן, רִבּוֹנָא (of s.m.). The form רִבּוֹן prob. developed from orig. רַבּוֹן. cp. רַבָּן.] Derivatives: רִבּוֹנוּת, רִבּוֹנִי. רִבּוֹנוּת f.n. NH lordship, sovereignty. [Formed from רִבּוֹן with suff. ◌וּת.] רִבּוֹנִי adj. NH sovereign. [Formed from רִבּוֹן with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רִבּוֹנִיּוּת. רִבּוֹנִיּוּת f.n. NH a collateral form of רִבּוֹנוּת. [Formed from רִבּוֹנִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רֶבּוּס m.n. FW rebus. [Fren. rébus, from L. rēbus (= by things). Orig. used in terms like rébus de Picardie, rébus d’Arras, i.e. ‘libels or satires composed in Picardy’, resp. ‘in Arras’, so called from the formula de rēbus quae geruntur, ‘of things that happen’. L. rēbus is the ablative pl. of rēs (= thing, object). cp. רֵיאָלִי and the first element in רֶפּוּבְּלִיקָה.] רָבֽוּעַ adj. square (adj.). [Qal pass. part. of רבע ᴵ.] Derivative: רִבּוּעִי. רִבּֽוּעַ m.n. PBH 1 a square. MH 2 squaring of a number. [Verbal n. of רִבַּע, Pi. of רבע ᴵ.] רִבּוּעִי adj. NH quadratic, square. [Formed from רִבּוּעַ with suff. ◌ִי.] רָבוּץ adj. PBH lying. [Pass. part. of רָבַץ. See רבץ.] רִבּוּץ ᴵ m.n. MH causing to lie down. [Verbal n. of רִבֵּץ, Pi. of רבץ.] רִבּוּץ ᴵᴵ m.n. MH sprinkling (of streets). [Verbal n. of רִבֵּץ, Pi. of רבץ ᴵᴵ.] רְבוּתָא, רְבוּתָה f.n. PBH something remarkable, a great thing. [BAram. and Aram. רְבוּתָא, Syr. רַבּוּתָא, emphatic st. of רֽבוּ (= greatness, importance, majesty, dignity), from רְבָא (= became or was great). See רבה ᴵ.] רַבּוֹתַי m.n. pl. PBH my masters, my teachers. [Pl. of רַב (= master, teacher), with the pron. suff. of the first person in the singular. cp. רַבּוֹתֵינוּ.] רַבּוֹתֵינוּ m.n. pl. PBH our masters, our teachers. [Pl. of רַב (= master, teacher), with the pron. suff. of the first person in the pl. cp. רַבּוֹתַי. cp. also רַבָּנָן.] רַבָּט m.n. FW rebate, discount. [Fren. rabat, back formation from rabattre, from rabattre (= to beat down), from re– (= back, again), and abattre (= to beat down), from VL * abbatere, from ab– (see אַבְּ◌), and batere (= to beat, strike), from IE base * bhat– (= to beat, strike). cp. ‘batter’ (v.), and ‘bat’ (v.) in my CEDEL.] רַבָּ״ט m.n. NH corporal (army). [Abbr. of רַב־טוּרַאי; see רַב◌ and טוּרַאי.] רַפִּי m.n. (pl. רַבִּיִּים) PBH 1 a title given to the Tannaim and the Palestinian Amoraim. PBH 2 surname of Rabbi Judah Hannasi (135–219). MH 3 a title given to Jewish religious scholars in general. NH 4 title of a Hasidic leader. [Lit.: ‘my master’, ‘my leader’. Formed from רַב (= master, teacher), with the pron. suff. of the first person singular.] רֻבִּי adj. MH pertaining to a majority, constituting a majority. [Formed from רֹב (= multitude; majority), with suff. ◌ִי.] רַבִּיב m.n. NH major scale (music). [Formed from רַב ᴵ (= great), through reduplication of the ב.] רְבִיבִים m.n. pl. copious showers. [From רבב ᴵ in the sense ‘to be numerous, be abundant’. Some scholars derive רְבִיבִים and Ugar. rbb (= drizzling rain) from רבב ᴵᴵ (= to shoot), and explain it as ‘rain pouring forth like arrows’. Many others connect רְבִיבִים and Ugar. rbb with ‘sheep’, in allusion to their sheeplike form, and refer to Arab. rabība (= sheep, lamb). For sense development cp. שָׂעִיר ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: רבב ᴵᴵᴵ. רָבִיד m.n. necklace, chain (in the Bible occurring only Gen. 41:42 and Ezek. 16:11). [From רבד ᴵ (= to lay); prob. so called in allusion to the links of the necklace laid upon one another.] רְבִיָּה ᴵ f.n. PBH increase. [Verbal n. of רָבָה ᴵ. See רבה ᴵ and first suff. ◌ִה.] רְבִיָּה ᴵᴵ f.n. MH shooting. [From רבה ᴵᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רֶבְיוּ m.n. FW review. [Fren. revue, properly subst. use of the f. p. part. of revoir (= to see again), from L. revidēre. See רֶבִיזְיָה.] רִבְיוֹן m.n. MH increase, multiplication. [Formed from רבה ᴵ with first suff. ◌וֹן.] רֶבִיזוֹר m.n. FW inspector. [From L. revīsus, p. part. of revidēre. See רֶבִיזֽיָה. For the ending of רֶבִיזוֹר see suff. ‘–or’ in my CEDEL.] רֶבִיזְיָה f.n. FW revision. [Late L. revīsiō (= a seeing again), from L. revīsus, p. part. of revidēre (= to see again), which is formed from re- (= back; again), and vidēre (= to see). See וִיזָה and cp. רֶבֽיוּ. cp. also רֶבִיזוֹר.] Derivatives: רֶבִיזְיוֹנִיזְם, רֶבִיזִיוֹנִיסֽט. רֶבִיזְיוֹנִיזְם m.n. FW Revisionism. [Formed from Late L. revisiō (see רֶבִיזְיָה) with suff. ◌ִיזְם.] רֶבִיזְיוֹנִיסְט m.n. FW Revisionist. [Formed from Late L. revīsiō (see רֶבִיזְיָה), with suff. ◌ִיסֽט.] רְבִיכָה f.n. PBH mixing with hot water. [From רבך. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רַבְּיָן m.n. NH livestock breeder. [Formed from רִבָּה, Pi. of רבה ᴵ, with agential suff. ◌ָן.] רְבֵיעַ ᴵ m.n. PBH 1 a quarter. MH 2 a quadrant (geometry). [From רבע ᴵ; a secondary form of רֶבַע.] רְבֵיעַ ᴵᴵ m.n. MH Rabi‘a — name of a disjunctive accent placed above the word; its form is ◌֗. [Aram\. from רְבַע (= it lay stretched out). Perhaps derived from רבע ᴵᴵ, and so called because it is lying above the stressed syllable.] רְבִיעָה ᴵ f.n. PBH 1 mating (of an animal). 2 sodomy. [Verbal n. of רָבַע. See רבע ᴵᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה, and cp. רֽבִיעָה ᴵᴵ.] רֽבִיעָה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH rainfall, rainy season. [Prob. verbal n. of רָבַע (see רבע ᴵᴵ) and lit. meaning ‘that which causes the earth to bring forth’. A similar metaphor appears Is. 55:10: כִּי כַּאֲשֶׁר יֵרֵד הַגֶּשֶׁם וֽהַשֶּׁלֶג מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם וִשָׁמָּה לֹא יָשׁוּב כִּי אִם הִרֽוָה אֶת הָאָרֶץ וְהוֹלִידָהּ וֽהִצְמִיחָהּ (= For as the rain comes down, and the snow from heaven, and returns not thither, except it waters the earth and makes it bring forth and bud). Accordingly רֽבִיעָה ᴵᴵ is derivatively identical with רְבִיעָה ᴵ cp. Arab. rabī (name of the third and fourth month of the year, lit.: ‘spring time’), from raba‘a (= he abode, dwelled), equivalent to Heb. רָבַץ (= to lay down, lay stretched out). At any rate, the base רבע ᴵᴵ is related to base רבץ. cp. רְבִיעִית ᴵᴵ.] רְבִיעוֹן m.n. NH Quaternary (geology). [Formed from רֽבִיעִי (= fourth), with suff. ◌וֹן.] Derivative: רְבִיעוֹנִי. רְבִיעוֹנִי adj. NH quaternary (geology). [Formed from רֽבִיעוֹן with adj. suff. ◌ִי.] רְבִיעִי adj. 1 fourth. PBH 2 the fourth person called to the reading of the ‘Torah’ in the synagogue. [From אַרְבַּע. cp. BAram. רֽבִיעָי, Aram. רֽבִיעַי, רֽבִיעַאי, רֽבִיעָאָה, Syr. רְבִיעָיָא, Akka. rebū.] Derivatives: רֽבִיעוֹן, רֽבָיעִיָּה, רֽבִיעִית ᴵ. רְבִיעִיָּה f.n. NH 1 a group of four, quartet. 2 quadruplets. [Formed from רֽבִיעִי (= fourth), with first suff. ◌ִיָּה.] רְבִיעִית ᴵ f.n. 1 one-fourth, a quarter. PBH 2 a liquid measure, the fourth of a ‘log’. [Subst. use of the f. of רֽבִיעִי (= fourth).] רְבִיעִית ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH rainfall, rainy season. [A secondary form of רֽבִיעָה ᴵᴵ.] רְבִיצָה f.n. PBH lying down, crouching, bending. [Verbal n. of רָבַץ. See רבץ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רִבִּית f.n. PBH (pl. רִבִּיּוֹת) interest (on a loan). [Formed from רִבָּה, Pi. of רבה ᴵ, with suff. ◌ִית. cp. Aram. רִבָּיתָא, Syr. רֶבִּיתָא (= interest, usury), Arab. rabā (= he took usury), ribban (= interest, usury), Akka. rabū (= to grow — said of interest or usury), ribītu (= interest, usury), and cp. מַרֽבִּית and תַּרֽבִּית ᴵ.] רבך to mix, stir; esp. ‘to mix with hot water
or with oil’. רַבְכַּמּוּתִי adj. NH of large quantity, numerous. [Formed from רַב (= much, many; see רַב ᴵ), כַּמּוּת (= quantity), and suff. ◌ִי.] רַבָּן ᴵ m.n. PBH 1 distinguishing title given to patriarchs and the presidents of the Sanhedrin since the time of Gamaliel the Elder, who was the first to bear this title. NH 2 champion (sports). [Aram., lit.: ‘our teacher’, from רַב (= master, teacher), and the possessive suff. of the first person pl., hence רַבָּן is the exact equivalent of Heb. רַבֵּנוּ (q.v.). cp. רַבָּן ᴵᴵ.] רַבָּן ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH teacher (used in the phrase תִּינוֹקוֹת שֶׁל בֵּית רַבָּן, ‘pupils, school-children’). [Aram., lit. meaning ‘their teacher’, so that, in contradistinction to רַבָּן ᴵ, the ◌ָן here is the possess. suff. of the third person pl. Accordingly, תִּינוֹקוֹת שֶׁל בֵּית רַבָּן lit. means ‘children of the house of their teacher’. See רַב ᴵᴵ.] רַבָּנָאוּת f.n. NH championship. [Formed from רַבָּן (= champion; see רַבָּן ᴵ), with suff. ◌וּת.] רַבֵּנוּ m.n. PBH our master (a title given esp. to Moses). [Formed from רַב ᴵᴵ, with the pron. suff. of first person in the pl. cp. רַבָּן.] רַבָּנוּת f.n. PBH 1 Rabbinate. 2 leadership, authority, superiority. [Formed from רַבָּן ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] רַבָּנִי adj. & n. MH 1 Rabbanite (as opposed to Karaite). MH 2 learned, scholarly. NH 3 rabbinical. [Formed with suff. ◌ִי from רַב, pl. רַבָּנִים (= rabbi).] Derivative: רַבָּנִית. רֻבָּנִי adj. NH of a majority, based on the majority. [Formed from רֹב (= multitude; majority), with suff. ◌ָנִי.] רַבָּנִית f.n. MH rabbi’s wife. [Subst. use of the f. of רַבָּנִי.] רַבָּנָן m.n. pl. PBH the Rabbis. [Aram., pl. of רַבָּן; see רַבָּן ᴵ.] רִבָּס m.n. NH rhubarb; Rheum (a genus of plants). [Arab. rībās.] רבע ᴵ to square, quadruple, quadrate. רבע ᴵᴵ PBH to lie stretched out, lie down. רֶֽבַע ᴵ m.n. 1 the fourth part, one quarter. 2 side of a square. [From רֶבַע ᴵ. cp. Aram. רִבֽעָא, Syr. רֶבֽעָא (= the fourth part, one quarter). cp. also רְבָעָה, רִבֽעָה, רִבֽעזֹן.] רֶֽבַע ᴵᴵ m.n. lying down (in the Bible occurring only Ps. 139:3 in the form רִבְעִי). [Properly suff. Qal inf. of רבע ᴵᴵ.] רֹֽבַע ᴵ m.n. 1 the fourth part (Kin. II 6:25). 2 the fourth part of a ‘kab’ (short for הַקַּב רֹבַע). NH 3 quarter (of a city). NH 4 quadrant (astronomy). [From רבע ᴵ. cp. רוּבֽעָא, JAram. and Syr. רוּבֽעָא, Arab. rub‘ (= the fourth part, a quarter). cp. also רֶבַע ᴵ.] רֹֽבַע ᴵᴵ m.n. (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Num. 23:10; prob. meaning ‘dust, sand, ashes’; lit.: ‘that which sinks down or settles down’, and derived from רבע ᴵᴵ.) [cp. Samaritan Targum, Gen. 18:27, rendering וֽאָנֹכִי עָפָר וָאֵפֶר (= I am but dust and ashes), with ואנא קטם ורבוע; whence רבוע means ‘ashes’. cp. also Arab. ghubār, ghubra (= dust).] רִבֵּֽעַ m.n. one of the fourth generation; great great grandchild (in the Bible, a pl. tantum, occurring Ex. 20:5; 34:7; Num. 14:18; Deut. 5:9). [From רבע ᴵ.] רִבְעָה f.n. PBH one quarter of a denar. [Formed from רֶבַע ᴵ, with first suff. ◌ַה.] רְבָעָה f.n. NH group of four, quartet. [Formed from רֶבַע ᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] רִבְעוֹן m.n. NH quarterly (periodical). [Coined on the analogy of עִתּוֹן (= journal), from רֶבַע (= quarter). For the ending see subst. suff. ◌וֹן.] רְבָעִי adj. PBH of the fourth year (of planting). [A secondary form of רֽבִיעִי (= fourth). cp. שֽׁלָשִׁי, חֲמָשִׁי.] רַבְעִית f.n. NH quartet (music). [Formed from רבע ᴵ with suff. ◌ִית.] רבץ ᴵ to stretch oneself out, lie down (said of
animals). רבץ ᴵᴵ to flow; to cause to flow, sprinkle. רֵֽבֶץ m.n. 1 place of laying down, lair, fold (for animals). 2 resting place (for men). [From רבץ ᴵ.] רַבְצְדָדִי adj. NH many-sided, multilateral. [Formed from רַב (= much, many; see רַב ᴵ), and צְדָדִי (= sided).] Derivative: רַבֽצֽדָדִיּוּת. רַבְצְדָדִיּוּת f.n. NH many-sidedness, multilaterality. [See רַבֽצְדָדִי and suff. ◌וּת.] רִבְצָל m.n. PBH 1 perfume bag. NH 2 ampulla. רַבְצַלְעוֹן m.n. NH polygon (geometry); lit.: ‘having many sides’. [Formed from רַב (= much, many; see רב ᴵ), צֵלָע (= rib), and suff. ◌וֹן.] רַבְצָן m.n. PBH an animal that habitually lies down (under a load). [Formed from רָבַץ (see רבץ ᴵ) according to the pattern פַּעְלָן, which serves to form agential nouns.] רבק to tie. [Related to Aram. רִבֽקָא (= stall; lit.: ‘tying place’), Arab. rabaqa (= he tied fast), ribqa, rabqa (= noose). Base of רִבֽקָה (= team), and מַרְבֵּק (= stall).] רִבְקָה f.n. PBH team. [Formed from רבק with first suff. ◌ָה.] רַבְקוֹלִי adj. NH polyphonic. [Formed from רַב (= much, many; see רב ᴵ), קוֹל (= sound, voice), and suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רַבְקוֹלִיּוּת. רַבְקוֹלִיּוּת f.n. NH polyphony. [Formed from רַבֽקוֹלִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רברב to aggrandize. רַבְרָב m.n. PBH officer. [Reduplication of רַב (= lord; see רַב ᴵᴵ). cp. רַבֽרֽבָא and רַבְרֽבָן.] רַבְרְבָא adj. PBH (pl. רַבֽרְבִין or רַבְרְבַיָּא) great. [Aram., reduplication of רַב. See רב ᴵ and cp. רַבֽרָב and רַבֽרְבָן.] רַבְרְבָן adj. NH proud, one who assumes greatness. [Formed through reduplication of רַב (= great; see רַב ᴵ). For the ending see second suff. ◌ָן. cp. BAram. (pl.) רַבֽרְבָנִין (= officers), formed through reduplication of רַב (= lord, master; see רַב ᴵᴵ) and second suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: רַבְרְבָנוּת, רַבְרְבָנִי. רַבְרְבָנוּת f.n. NH boastfulness, vainglory. [Formed from רַבֽרֽבָן with suff. ◌וּת. cp. Aram. רַבֽרֽבָנוּתָא.] רַבְרְבָנִי adj. NH boastful, vainglorious. [Formed from רַבֽרֽבָן with suff. ◌ִי.] רַבְרֶֽגֶל m.n. NH Polypodium (a genus of plants). [Lit.: ‘many-footed’. Formed from רַב (= much, many; see רַב ᴵ), and רֶגֶל (= foot). Properly loan translation of L. polypodium (= polypody), from Gk. polypodion, which is compounded of poly (= much), and podus, gen. podos (= foot).] רַבְשָׁקֵה m.n. title of the Assyrian dignitary who treated with Hezekiah, king of Judah (see Kin. II 18, and Is. 36). [Akka. rab-shāqū, which, according to some scholars, denotes ‘the chief officer’ or ‘captain’, from rab (= chief), and shāqū, pl. of shāqē (= high). According to other scholars the meaning of Akka. rab-shāqū is ‘chief cupbearer’. For Akka. rab see רַב ᴵ and רַב ᴵᴵ and cp. the first element in רַב־מָג. Akka. shāqū (= high) is of unknown etymology. Akka. shāqū (= cupbearer), derives from shaqū (= to give to drink), which is related to Heb. הִשֽׁקָה (= he gave to drink). See שׁקה. See ‘sakia’ in my CEDEL.] רַבַּת adv. much, abundantly, exceedingly. [Prob. an aramaism. cp. Syr. רַבַּת, רֶבַּת. See רַב ᴵ.] רַבְּתָא f. adj. great. [Aram.; cp. the secondary form רַבָּתִי and see רַבָּתִי ᴵᴵ.] רַבָּֽתִי ᴵ f. adj. great, mighty (this form occurs in the Bible only twice, Lam. 1:1 in the phrases רַבָּתִי עָם and רַבָּתִי בַגּוֹיִם). [Enlarged form of רַבַּת, c. st. of the adj. רַבָּה, f. of רַב (= much, many). cp. רַבָּתִי ᴵᴵ.] רַבָּתֵי ᴵᴵ adj. PBH large, capital (said of a letter). [Aram., f. of רַב, רַבָּא (= large, great), a secondary form of רַבּֽתָא. See רַב ᴵ. The form is used because the names of the letters are f. in Heb. and in Aram. cp. רַבָּתִי ᴵ.] רֶֽגֶב m.n. clod. [Of uncertain origin; perhaps related to base רגם (= to stone).] Derivatives: רגב, רַגֽבּוּבִית. רגב to make clods. רַגְבּוּבִית f.n. NH small lump of earth. [Dimin. formed from רֶגֶב through reduplication of the ב and suff. ◌ִית.] רַגְבִּי m.n. FW Rugby. [Eng. Rugby, also Rugby football, so called from the system of football first played at Rugby School in Warwickshire.] רגג to desire, covet. [Borrowed from Aram. רֽגַג (= he desired, coveted), which is related to Syr. רַג (of s.m.), and to Arab. rajja (= he shook, rocked), rujja (= was shaken, trembled).] Derivatives: רֶגֶג, רִגּוּג, רָגִיג. cp. שִׁרְגֵּג, שִׁרֻגּוּג. רֶֽגֶג m.n. MH desire, coveting. [From רגג.] רָגוּ m.n. FW ragout. [Fren. ragoût, back formation from ragoûter (= to revive one’s appetite), from re– (= back, again), ā (= to), and goûter, from L. gustāre (= to taste, enjoy), which derives from IE base * geus–, *gus– (= to taste, enjoy by tasting).] רִגּוּג m.n. MH coveting, longing for, desire. [Verbal n. of רִגֵּג. cp. Aram. רִגּוּגָא (pl. רִגּוּגִין) (of s.m.), and see רגג.] רָגוּז adj. MH angry. [Pass. part. of רָגַז. See רגז.] רִגּוּז m.n. NH anger. [Verbal n. of רִגֵּז, Pi. of רגז.] רָגוּל adj. PBH tied by the hind legs. [From רֶגֶל (= foot). cp. Arab. rajala (= he tied the legs of an animal).] רִגּוּל m.n. MH spying; espionage. [Verbal n. of רִגֵּל (= he spied), Pi. of רָגַל (= he slandered). See רגל ᴵ.] רֶגוּלוּס m.n. FW Regulus (a first magnitude star in the constellation Leo). [A corruption of the Arab. name of this star rijl al-asad (= paw of the lion). Arab. rijl (= foot, paw) is related to Heb. רֶגֶל (= foot). See רֶגֶל ᴵ.] רֶגוּלָטוֹר m.n. FW regulator. [From L. rēgulātus, p. part. of rēgulāre (= to regulate), from rēgula (= a straight piece of wood, ruler, rule), which is related to regere (= to keep straight, lead, direct, rule). See רֶקֽטוֹר.] רֶגוּלַצְיָה f.n. FW regulation. [From L. rēgulātus, p. part. of rēgulāre. See רֶגוּלָטוֹר and suff. ◌ַצֽיָה.] רֶגוּלָרִי adj. FW regular. [L. rēgulāris (= pertaining to a bar or ruler; containing rules), from rēgula. See רֶגוּלָטוֹר and suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רֶגוּלָרִיּוּת. רֶגוּלָרִיּוּת f.n. FW regularity. [Formed from רֶגוּלָרִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רִגּוּם m.n. NH mortaring. [Verbal n. of רִגֵּם (= he mortared), Pi. of רגם.] רִגּוּן m.n. MH murmuring, complaint. [Verbal n. of רִגֵּן, Pi. of רגן.] רָגֽוּעַ ᴵ adj. MH MH 1 relaxed. NH 2 calm, tranquil. [Pass. part. of רָגַע. See רגע ᴵ.] רָגְוּעַ ᴵᴵ adj. MH stormy (said of a sea). [Pass. part. of רָגַע. See רגע ᴵᴵ.] רָגוּשׁ adj. MH excited. [Pass. part. of רָגַשׁ. See רגשׁ ᴵᴵ.] רִגּוּשׁ m.n. PBH 1 excitement. NH 2 emotion. [Verbal n. of רִגֵּשׁ, Pi. of רגשׁ ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: רִגּוּשִׁי. רִגּוּשִׁי adj. NH emotional. [Formed from רִגּוּשׁ with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רִגּוּשִׁיּוּת. רִגּוּשִׁיּוּת f.n. NH emotionalism. [Formed from רִגּוּשִׁי with suff. ◌וּת.] רגז to be agitated, be excited, quake. רַגָּז adj. quivering, quaking (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Deut. 28:65). [From רגז.] רֹֽגֶז m.n. 1 agitation, excitement. 2 anger, wrath. [From רגז. Whence also Aram. or Syr. רוּגֽזָא. Arab. rujz (= wrath) is an Aram. or Syr. loan word.] Derivatives: רָגֽזָה, רֻגְזָה, רִגָּזוֹן, רוֹגֵז. רָגְזָה f.n. NH) (רֻגְזָה in 1 quaking, trembling (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 12:18). 2 anger, wrath. [Formed from רגז with first suff. ◌ָה.] רִגָּזוֹן m.n. NH (pl. רִגֽזוֹנוֹת) trembling, agitation. [Formed from רגז with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] רַגְזָן adj. & n. PBH bad-tempered, irascible; a bad-tempered or irascible person. [Formed from רָגַז (see רגז) with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: רַגְזָנוּת, רַגֽזָנִי. רַגְזָנוּת f.n. PBH bad temper, irritation, irascibility. [Formed from רַגֽזָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רַגְזָנִי adj. MH bad-tempered. [Formed from רַגְזָן with suff. ◌ִי.] רָגִיג adj. NH desired, coveted. [From Aram. רֽגִיג, רֽגִיגָא (of s.m.), from רְגַג (= he desired, coveted). See רגג.] רִגְיוֹן m.n. PBH ‘Riggon’ — name of a legendary river. [Perhaps from Syr. רַגְיָא (= wet).] רָגִיז adj. NH irritable. [Coined from רגז (= to be agitated, be excited), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in NH to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: רֽגִיזוּת. רְגִיזָה f.n. MH becoming angry, anger. [Verbal n. of רָגַז. See רגז and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְגִיזוּת f.n. NH irritability. [Formed from רָגִיז with suff. ◌וּת.] רָגִיל adj. PBH 1 usual, common; customary; accustomed. 2 practiced, experienced, trained. [From רגל ᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: רְגִילוּת, רְגִילִית. רְגִילָה f.n. MH espionage. [From רגל ᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רְגִילוּת f.n. MH 1 custom, habit. 2 practice. [Formed from רָגִיל with suff. ◌וּת.] רְגִילִית f.n. PBH something customary, usual. [Formed from רָגִיל with suff. ◌ִית.] רְגִימָה f.n. PBH 1 stoning. NH 2 mortaring. [Verbal n. of רָגַם. See רגם and first suff. ◌ָה.] רֶגִ׳ימֶנְט m.n. FW regiment. [Fren. régiment, from Late L. regimentum (= direction, government), from regere (= to keep straight, lead straight, guide, lead, conduct, direct). See רֶקְטוֹר.] רְגִינָה f.n. MH murmuring, grumbling, complaint. [From רגן. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רֶגִיסְטֶר m.n. FW register. [Fren. registre, from Med. L. registrum, a collateral form of regestum, from Late L. regesta (= list, catalog; lit.: ‘things carried back’), neuter pl. of regestus, p. part. regerere (= to carry back), from re– (= back, again), and gerere (= to bear, carry, produce, show, manifest, manage, rule, govern, accomplish, reform, do), which is of uncertain origin. See ‘gerent’ in my CEDEL.] רֶגִיסְטְרַצְיָה f.n. FW registration. [Med. L. registrātiō, from registrātus, p. part. of registrāre. See רֶגִיסְטֶר and suff. ◌ֵצֽיָה.] רֽגִיעָה ᴵ f.n. PBH relaxation, rest. [Verbal n. of רָגֵע. See רגע ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְגִיעָה ᴵᴵ f.n. MH contraction, shrinkage. [Verbal n. of רָגַע ᴵᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רָגִישׁ adj. NH excitable, sensitive. [Coined from רגשׁ ᴵᴵ (= to be excited), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in NH to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: רְגִישׁוּת. רְגִישָׁה f.n. MH excitement. [From רגשׁ ᴵᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רְגִישׁוּת f.n. NH excitability, sensitiveness. [Formed from רָגִישׁ with suff. ◌וּת.] רֶֽגֶל ᴵ f.n. (dual רַגֽלַיִם) 1 foot, leg. 2 base. 3 step. 4 foot (a measure). 5 a measure in prosody. [Related to BAram. רֽגַל, JAram. רַגֽלָא, Syr. רֶגֽלָא (= foot, leg), Arab. rijl, OSArab. רגל (= foot, leg), Ethiop. ’egr (= foot), Mand. לִיגֽרָא and נִיגֽלָא (= foot, leg).] Derivatives: רֶגָל ᴵᴵ, רגל ᴵ, רגל ᴵᴵ, רָגוּל, רַגֽלִי, רוֹגֽלִי, רוֹגֽלִית, רוֹגֽלָנִי, מַרֽגֽלוֹת, רִגֽלוּל, prob. also רֽגֵלָה. cp. רֶגוּלוּס and the second element in שַׁטֽרֶגֶל. רֶֽגֶל ᴵᴵ f.n. (pl. רֽגָלִים) 1 time. 2 festival of pilgrimage (in the Bible used only in the pl. שָׁלשׁ רְגָלִים, in the sense ‘three times’). [A special sense development of רֶגֶל ᴵ. The lit. meaning of שָׁלשׁ רֽגָלִים is ‘three feet, three steps’, whence arose the meaning ‘three times’. From שָׁלשׁ רֽגָלִים in the verse Ex. 23:14 שָׁלשׁ רְגָלִים תָּחֹג לִי בַּשָׁנָה (‘Three times thou shalt keep a feast unto me in the year’) developed in post-Biblical times the meaning of שָׁלשׁ רְגָלִים as ‘the three festivals of pilgrimage’ (first used in this sense in the Mishnah), whence — through back formation — the sing. רֶגֶל was also used in the sense of festival of pilgrimage.] רגל ᴵ to slander, clumniate. רגל ᴵᴵ to be accustomed to, be used to. רְגֵלָה f.n. PBH purslane. [Related to Arab. rijl, rijla (= purslane). Prob. derived from רֶגֶל ᴵ, resp. Arab. rijl (= foot). For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רִגְלוּל m.n. NH footwork (in tennis, wrestling, etc.). [Formed from רֶגֶל ᴵ through reduplication of the ל.] רַגְלִי 1 going on foot, walking. NH 2 footman, foot soldier, infantry man. MH 3 on foot MH 4 pawn. [Formed from רֶגֶל ᴵ with suff. ◌ִי.] רָגְלִית see רוֹגְלִית. רֶגְלָן m.n. FW raglan. [Eng. raglan, named after the British general Lord Raglan (1788–1855).] רגם to stone. רַגָּם m.n. NH mortarman. [Nomen opificis coined from רִגֵּם, Pi. of רגם, according to the pattern פַּעָל.] רֶֽגֶם m.n. MH 1 stoning. NH 2 mortaring. [From רגם.] רֹֽגֶם m.n. NH ancient heap of stones, dolmen. [From רגם. cp. Arab. rujum (= heap of stones, meteorites).] רִגְמָה f.n. (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 68:28 in the form רִגְמָתָם). [Of uncertain origin and meaning. Some scholars see in רִגְמָה a secondary form of רִקֽמָה, ‘variegated stuff’; others connect it with Akka. ragāmu (= to shout), rigmu (= shouting), and render רִגְמָה by ‘shouting crowd’. See רעם.] רגן to murmur, grumble, complain. רֶֽגֶן m.n. PBH (לגָן in NH) murmuring, grumbling, complaint. [From רגן.] רֻגְנָה f.n. NH intrigue. [Formed from רגן with first suff. ◌ָה.] רֶגֶנֽט m.n. FW regent. [Fren. régent, from regēns (= regent), from L. regēns, pres. part. of regere (= to keep straight, lead straight, guide, lead, conduct, direct, rule, reign). See רֶקֽטוֹר and cp. words there referred to.] רֶגֶנֶרַצֽיָה f.n. FW regeneration. [Late L. regenerātiō (= rebirth), from regenerātus, p. part. of regenerāre (= to bring forth again), from re– (= back, again), and generāre (= to bring forth, reproduce). See גֶּן and cp. words there referred to. For the ending of רֶגָנֶרַצֽיָה see suff. ◌ַצֽיָה.] רגע ᴵ to be at rest, repose. רגע ᴵᴵ to move, set in motion, disturb. רָגֵֽעַ adj. quiet, restful, peaceful (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 35:20). [From רגע ᴵ.] רֶֽגַע 1 moment, instant. 2 suddenly. [Prob. derived from רגע ᴵᴵ (= to move), and lit. meaning ‘a twinkling (of the eye)’. For sense development cp. L. mōmentum (= movement, motion; short time, moment), from movēre (= to move). Some scholars also derive רֶגַע from רגע, but in the sense of Arab. raja‘a (= he returned), and compare the phrase qabla ’an yartadda ilayka ṭarfuka, ‘in the twinkling of an eye, instantly’ (lit.: ‘before your look returns to you’).] Derivative: רִגְעִי. רֹֽגַע m.n. MH calm, tranquillity. [From רגע ᴵ.] רִגָּעוֹן m.n. NH calm, rest, peacefulness. [Formed from רגע ᴵ with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] רִגְעִי adj. NH momentary, instantaneous. [Formed from רֶגַע with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רִגְעִיּוּת. רִגְעִיּוּת f.n. NH momentariness, instantaneity. [Formed from רִגְעִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רֶגְרֶס m.n. FW regress. [L. regressus (= a going back, return, regress), from regressus, p. part. of regredī (= to go back, turn back, return, retire), from re- (= back, again), and gradī (= to step, walk, go), which is related to gradus (= step, degree). See גַרְדּוֹם ᴵ and cp. words there referred to.] רֶגְרֶסִּיבִי adj. FW regressive. [Fren. régressif, from L. regressus, p. part. of regredī. See רֶגְרֶס and suff. ◌ִי.] רגשׁ ᴵ to be in a tumult, rage. רגשׁ ᴵᴵ to be excited; to feel,
perceive. רֶגֶשׁ ᴵ m.n. noisy crowd, throng (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 55:15). [From רגש ᴵ. cp. Syr. רֶגְשָׁא (= uproar; sense, the senses, organs of sense). cp. also Septuagint en omonia (= agreeing in sentiments); this rendering was prob. influenced by the meaning of Syr. רֶגֽשָׁא.] רֶֽגֶשׁ ᴵᴵ m.n. (pl. רֽגָשׁוֹת, also רְגָשִׁים) 1 feeling, sensation. MH 2 sense, organ of sense. NH 3 emotion. [From רגש ᴵᴵ. cp. רֶגֶשׁ ᴵ.] Derivatives: רִגְשִׁי, מַרְגָּשׁ. רַגָּשׁ adj. NH feeling. [Formed from רגשׁ ᴵᴵ on the analogy of רַגָּז in לֵב רַגָּז, Deut. 28:65 (‘a trembling heart’).] רִגְשָׁה ᴵ f.n. noisy throng (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 64:3). [Formed from רגשׁ ᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] רִגְשָׁה ᴵᴵ f.n. NH excitement, feeling, emotion. [Formed from רגשׁ ᴵᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] רִגְשִׁי adj. NH emotional. [Formed from רֶגֶשׁ ᴵᴵ with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רִגֽשִׁיּוּת. רִגְשִׁיּוּת f.n. NH emotionality. [Formed from רִגְשִׁי with suff. ◌וּת.] רַגְשָׁן m.n. NH an emotional person, a sentimental person. [Formed from רגשׁ ᴵᴵ with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: רַגְשָׁנוּת, רַגֽשָׁנִי. רַגְשָׁנוּת f.n. NH emotionality, sentimentality. [Formed from רַגְשָׁן with suff. ◌וּת.] רַגְשָׁנִי adj. NH emotional, sentimental. [Formed from רַגֽשָׁן with suff. ◌ִי.] רָד [Qal perfect of רוד.] רַדַּאי m.n. NH scraper of honey (out of a hive) or of bread (from an oven). [Nomen opificis formed from רדה ᴵᴵ according to the pattern פַּעָל.] רָדָאר m.n. FW radar. [Eng. radar, coined from the initials of the phrase radio detecting and ranging.] רדד to beat down, repel, subdue, flatten. רֶֽדֶד m.n. PBH 1 something stretched out; NH 2 metal. NH 3 shallowness. [From רדד.] רדה ᴵ to tread; to rule, have dominion,
dominate. רדה ᴵᴵ to scrape honey (out of a hive); he
removed bread (from an oven). רָדוּד adj. NH beaten down, flattened. [Pass. part. of רָדַד. See רדד.] Derivative: רֽדִידוּת. רִדּוּד m.n. MH beating down, flattening. [Verbal n. of רִדֵּד, Pi. of רדד.] רָדוּי ᴵ adj. MH subdued, subjugated. [Pass. part. of רָדָה. See רדה ᴵ.] רָדוּי ᴵᴵ adj. NH removed (from the oven; said of bread). [Pass. part. of רָדָה. See רדה ᴵᴵ.] רִדּוּי m.n. MH 1 subjugation. 2 chastisement, punishment. [Verbal n. of רִדָּה, Pi. of רָדָה. See רדה ᴵ.] רָדוּם adj. PBH 1 asleep. MH 2 (fig.) dead. [From רדם.] Derivative: רֽדִימוּת. רָדוֹן m.n. FW radon (chemistry). [Modern L. radon, which was coined from radium (see רַדְיוּם) with chemical suff. – on, on analogy of argon, neon etc. See אַרְגּוֹן and נֵיאוֹן.] רָדוּף adj. PBH 1 running after, chasing after. MH 2 pursued, persecuted. [Pass. part. of רָדַף (see רדף); in sense 1 used in an active sense.] Derivative: רְדִיפוּת. רִדּוּף m.n. PBH running. [Properly verbal n. of רִדֵּף, Pi. of רדף.] רֶדוּקְצְיָה f.n. FW reduction. [Fren. réduction, from L. reductiō (= a leading back, restoration), from reductus, p. part. of redūcere (= to lead).] רָדִיאָטוֹר m.n. FW radiator. [From L. radiātus, p. part. of radiāre (= to furnish with beams, make beaming, irradiate), from radius (= ray). See רַדְיוּס.] רַדְיָאן m.n. FW radian. [Eng. radian, formed from L. radius (= ray); see רַדְיוּס and suff. - an in my CEDEL.] רַדְיַאנְט m.n. FW radiant. [Eng. radiant, from L. radiāns, pres. part. of radiāre. See רַדְיָאטוֹר. For the ending of רַדְיָאטוֹר see suff. ‘-tor’ in my CEDEL.] רֽדִיד ᴵ m.n. large veil, wide wrapper (in the Bible occurring only Is. 3:23 and Cant. 5:7). [Related to Aram. and Syr. רֽדִידָא (= veil), Arab. ridā’ (= wrapper for the upper part of the body).] רְדִיד ᴵᴵ m.n. MH something beaten out, something flattened. [From רדד.] רְדִידוּת f.n. NH shallowness. [Formed from רָדוּד with suff. ◌וּת.] רְדִיָּה ᴵ f.n. PBH subjugation, dominion, rule. [Verbal n. of רָדָה. See רדה ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְדִיָּה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH scraping out (of honey from the hive); removal (of bread from the oven). [Verbal n. of רָדָה. See רדה ᴵᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רַדֽיוֹ m.n. FW radio. [Eng. radio, short for radio-telegraphic message or transmission, from combining form radio–, meaning ‘ray, raylike, radial or radially’, from L. radius. See רַדְיוּס.] רַדְיוֹגְרַמָּה f.n. FW radiogram. [Compounded of רַדְיוֹ and Gk. gramma (= that which is written; a written character, letter; a small weight). See גְרַם.] רַדְיוּם m.n. FW radium. [Modern L. radium, from radius (= ray); so called because of its power of emitting energy in the form of rays. cp. רָדוֹן.] רַדֽיוּס m.n. FW radius, ray. [L. radius (= stake, staff, rod, spoke of a wheel, shuttle, beam, ray; the exterior bone of the forearm). Of uncertain origin. It is perhaps related to rādix (= root); see רָדִיקָל.] Derivatives: רַדֽיוֹ, רַדְיוּם, רַדְיַאטוֹר, רַדְיַאנֽט. רַדְיוֹתֶרַפְּיָה f.n. FW radiotherapy. [Eng. radiotherapy, compounded of radio– and therapy. See רַדֽיוֹ and תָּרַפּֽיָה.] רָדִים adj. NH sleepy, sleeping, drowsy. [Coined by Ithamar Ben-Avi (1882–1943) as back formation from נִרְדַּם (= he fell into heavy sleep). See רדם.] רְדִימָה f.n. NH sleeping, slumber. [Verbal n. of רָדַם. See רדם and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְדִימוּת f.n. NH sleepiness, drowsiness. [Formed from רָדוּם with suff. ◌וּת.] רַדְיָן ᴵ m.n. PBH farmer. [Formed with agential suff. ◌ָן from Aram. רֽדָא (= he plowed; lit.: ‘he trod upon the ground’), and related to Arab. radā(y) (= he trod). See רדה ᴵ.] רַדְיָן ᴵᴵ see רַדֽיָאן. רְדִיפָה f.n. PBH 1 pursuit, chase, persecution. MH 2 running after, striving after. 3 synonymy. NH 4 oppression. [Properly verbal n. of רָדַף (= he pursued, chased, persecuted). See רדף and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְדִיפוּת f.n. NH state of being persecuted, persecution. [Formed from רָדוּף with suff. ◌וּת.] רָדִיקָל m.n. FW radical. [Lit.: ‘having roots’, from Late L. rādicālis, from rādīx (= root), which is related to rāmus (= branch, bough, twig). cp. רַדְיוּס and words there referred to. cp. also רִיזִיקוֹ.] Derivative: רָדִיקָלִי. רָדִיקָלִי adj. FW radical. [Formed from רָדִיקָל with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רָדִיקָלִיּוּת. רָדִיקָלִיּוּת f.n. FW radicality, radicalism. [Formed from רָדִיקָלִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רדם to be fast asleep. רֶֽדֶם m.n. MH sleep; deep sleep. [From רדם.] רֹֽדֶם m.n. NH sleep; deep sleep. [A secondary form of רֶדֶם.] רַדָּם m.n. NH narcotic. [From רדם.] רַדֶּֽמֶת f.n. NH lethargy, stupor, coma. [Coined from רדם (= to be fast asleep), according to the pattern פַּעָלֶת, serving to form names of diseases. See אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.] רדף to pursue, chase; to persecute. רֶֽדֶף m.n. PBH pursuit, chase, persecution. [From רדף.] רַדְפָן m.n. NH ardent pursuer. [Formed from רדף with agential suff. ◌ָן.] רֶֽדֶת inf. of יָרַד. [See ירד.] רֶה m.n. FW re — a syllable used in solmization to denote the second tone of the diatonic scale (music). רהב ᴵ to fear. רהב ᴵᴵ to act stormily, act arrogantly. רַֽהַב ᴵ f.n. 1 arrogance, haughtiness (in the Bible occurring only Is. 30:7). PBH 2 greatness. MH 3 strength. [From רהב ᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: רֽהַבֽתָּנוּת, רְהַבֽתָּנִי. רַֽהַב ᴵᴵ m.n. ‘Rahav’ — name of a sea monster symbolizing Egypt. [Lit.: ‘the arrogant one’. From רהב ᴵᴵ.] רֹֽהַב m.n. arrogance, haughtiness (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 90:10 in the form רָהְבָּם). [From רהב ᴵᴵ.] רֶהֵב adj. NH arrogant, haughty. [From רהב ᴵᴵ.] רֵהַבִּילִיטַצְיָה see רֵיהַבִּילִיטַצְיָה. רְהַבִים m.n. pl. a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 40:5, prob. meaning ‘idols’. [Lit.: ‘the arrogant ones’. From רהב ᴵᴵ.] רְהַבְתָּנוּת f.n. NH arrogance. [Formed from רַהַב ᴵ with suff. ◌תָּנוּת.] רְהַבְתָּנִי adj. NH arrogant. [Formed from רַהַב ᴵ with suff. ◌תָּנִי.] רהה to fear. רֵהֶה adj. NH 1 fearful. 2 hesitant. [From רהה.] רָהוּט adj. PBH 1 hurrying, hastening. MH 2 fluent. [From Aram. רְהָט (= he ran). See רהט ᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: רִהוּט ᴵᴵ, רְהִיטוּת. רִהוּט ᴵ m.n. NH furnishing. [Coined by Eliezer ben Yehudah (1858–1922), as verbal n. of רִהֵט, Pi. of רהט ᴵ.] רִהוּט ᴵᴵ m.n. MH fluency. [From רָהוּט. cp. Aram. רִיהֲטָא (= fluency).] רָהוּי adj. MH 1 feared. 2 hesitant. [Pass. part. of רָהָה. See רהה.] רְהוּת f.n. MH 1 fear. NH 2 hesitation. [Formed from רהה with suff. ◌וּת.] רהט ᴵ to furnish. רהט ᴵᴵ to run. רַֽהַט ᴵ m.n. watering trough (in the Bible occurring only Gen. 30:38 and 41, Ex. 2:16). [Related to Aram. רָהְטָא, Syr. רָטַיָּא, רֽהָטַיָּא (= watering troughs), Akka. rāṭu (= vessel for water), Iraq–Arab. rāṭ (= watering trough). All these words prob. derive from Aram. רְהַט, equivalent to Heb. רוּץ (= to run, flow). See רוץ and cp. רַהַט ᴵᴵ.] רַֽהַט ᴵᴵ m.n. NH 1 speed, quickness, swiftness. 2 running, flowing, flow. [From רהט ᴵᴵ.] רִהֲטָא m.n. PBH speed, haste. [Aram., from רֽהַט (= he ran). See רהט ᴵᴵ and cp. רְהָטָה.] רְהָטָה f.n. NH speed, haste. [Formed from רהט ᴵᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה. cp. רִהֲטָא.] רַהֲטוֹן m.n. PBH troop of soldiers. [Prob. a Greek or Latin loan word, whose etymology, however, is uncertain.] רַהֲטָן m.n. MH 1 one who is quick in his work. NH 2 trotter (horse). [Formed from רהט ᴵᴵ with agential suff. ◌ָן. cp. Aram. רַהֲטוֹנָא, Syr. רַהֽטָנָא (= runner).] רְהִי m.n. NH 1 fear. 2 hesitation. [From רָהָה. See רהה and cp. רֽהִיָּה.] רְהִיָּה f.n. NH 1 fear. 2 hesitation. [Verbal n. of רָהָה. See רהה and first suff. ◌ָה.] רָהִיט m.n. 1 rafter of the roof (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 1:17); also in the Talmud רָהִיט means ‘rafter’. NH 2 piece of furniture (after Arab. rihāt). [Related to Aram. רָהֲטָא, רֽהִיטָא (= rafter), Syr. רָהֽטָא (= boards).] Derivative: רָהִיטָן. רְהִיטָה f.n. NH 1 running. 2 speed, fluency. [Verbal n. of רָהַט. See רהט ᴵᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְהִיטוּת f.n. NH speed, fluency. [Formed from רָהוּט with suff. ◌וּת.] רָהִיטָן m.n. NH 1 cabinetmaker. 2 furniture dealer. [Formed from רָהִיט with suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: רָהִיטָנוּת. רָהִיטָנוּת f.n. NH 1 cabinetmaking. 2 furniture trade. [Formed from רָהִיטָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רְהִיטָנִי m.n. PBH 1 a plane (carpenter’s tool). 2 a hair-cutting machine. רהן to pawn, pledge. רוֹאֶה ᴵ m.n. 1 one who sees, one who regards. 2 seer, prophet. NH 3 spectator. [Part. of רָאָה (= he saw). See ראה.] רוֹאֶה ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH worm cast. [Perhaps a secondary form of רָֽאִי ᴵᴵ.] רוֹאוֹת f.n. pl. the eyes (Eccles. 12:3). [Lit.: ‘those that see’, act. part. f. of רָאָה. See ראה.] רוֹבָאוּת f.n. NH musketry. [Formed from רוֹבֵה ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] רוֹבַאי m.n. NH musketeer. [Formed from רוֹבֶה with suff. ◌ַאי.] רוֹבֶה ᴵ m.n. rifle, gun. [Short for קְנֵה־רוֹבֶה, lit.: ‘bowman’s barrel’, from רוֹבֶה (= bowman, archer). See רבה ᴵᴵ.] רוֹבֶה ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH lad, young man. [Formed on the analogy of Aram. רַבְיָא, lit.: ‘a child in the process of growing up’, from רֽבָא (= he grew). See רבה ᴵ and cp. רִיבָה.] רוֹבּוֹט m.n. FW robot. [From Czech robotnik (= slave), from robota (= compulsory service), from rob (= slave), which is related to Old Slavic rabǔ, robǔ (= slave), rabota (= servitude, slavery). The word robot became popular through the play R.U.R. ( Rossum’s Universal Robots), written by Karel Čapek (1920).] רוּבִּידְיוּם m.n. FW rubidium (chemistry). [Modern L. rubidium, coined by the German chemist Robert Wilhelm Bunsen (1811–99) from L. rubidus (= reddish), from rubēre (= to be red), which, together with ruber (= red), rūfus (= red, reddish), derives from IE base * rudhro– (= red). See ‘red’ in my CEDEL and cp. ‘rubric’ and ‘rufous’ ibid.] רוֹבִּינִיָּה f.n. Robinia (a genus of plants), the locust tree. [Modern L. Robinia, named after the French botanist Jean Robin (1550–1629) and his son Vespasian (1579–1662), who first cultivated the locust tree in Europe.] רוּבָּל m.n. FW ruble, rouble. [Pass.[[illegible]] rubl’, from rubiti (= to chop, cu[[illegible]] so called because at the time when[[illegible]] allic currency was introduced in Russia (i.e. in the 14th century), it became customary there to buy in bars of silver, the corresponding equivalent being simply cut off.] רוֹגֵז adj. NH angry, irate. [Act. part. of רָגַז. See רגז.] Derivative: רוֹגְזָנִי. רוֹגְזָנִי adj. NH angry, irate. [Formed from רוֹגֵז with suff. ◌ָנִי.] רוֹגְלִי adj. NH at the foot, low. [From רֶגֶל ᴵ. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי. cp. רוֹגֽלִית.] רוֹגְלִית f.n. PBH trailing vine. [Formed from רֶגֶל (= foot), with suff. ◌ִית, hence lit. meaning ‘that which extends along the feet of a man’. cp. רוֹגְלִי.] רוֹגְלָנִי adj. NH spying. [Formed from רוֹגֵל, act. part. רגל ᴵ, with suff. ◌ָנִי.] רוֹגֵן adj. NH murmuring, grumbling, complaining. [Act. part. of רַגַן, Qal of רגן.] רוֹגֵֽעַ adj. NH relaxed, calm. [Act. part. of רָגַע, Qal of רגע ᴵ.] רוֹגֵשׁ adj. NH storming, raging. [Act. part. of רָגַשׁ, Qal of רגשׁ ᴵ.] רוד to wander restlessly, roam. רוֹדֶה ᴵ m.n. ruler. [Subst. use of the act. part. of רָדָה. See רדה ᴵ.] רוֹדֶה ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH 1 shovel. NH 2 one who scrapes honey from the hive or removes bread from the oven. [Subst. use of the act. part. of רָדָה. See רדה ᴵᴵ.] רוֹדְיוּם m.n. FW rhodium (chemistry). [Modern L. rhodium, coined by its discoverer, the English chemist and physicist Williams Hyde Wollaston (1766–1828) from Gk. rodon (= rose; see וֶדֶד); so called by him from the rose-red color of its salts.] רוּדִימֶנְט m.n. FW rudiment. [L. rudimentum (= first attempt, beginning), from rudis (= unwrought, unformed, raw, rough; ignorant), which is of uncertain origin. See ‘rude’ and suff. ‘–ment’ in my CEDEL.] רוֹדֵם adj. MH slumbering, asleep. [Act. part. of רָדַם. See רדם.] רוֹדָן m.n. NH dictator; tyrant, despot. [Formed from רוֹדֶה (= ruler; see רוֹדֶה ᴵ), with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: רוֹדָנוּת, רוֹדָנִי. רוֹדָנוּת f.n. NH dictatorship; tyranny, despotism. [Formed from רוֹדָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רוֹדָנִי adj. NH dictatorial; tyrannical, despotic. [Formed from רוֹדָן with suff. ◌ִי.] רוה to drink one’s fill, to quench one’s
thirst, to be saturated. רָוֶה adj. watered. [From רוה.] רָוֽוּחַ adj. PBH wide, spacious, roomy. [Pass. part. of רָוַח. See רוח ᴵ and cp. רווֵֹחַ.] רווֵֹֽחַ adj. PBH widespread, common, popular. [Act. part. of רָוַח. See רוח ᴵ and cp. רָווּחַ.] Derivative: רְוִיחוּת. רִוּֽוּחַ m.n. NH making space, spacing. [Verbal n. of רִוַּח, Pi. of רוח ᴵ.] רָווּי adj. MH 1 watered. NH 2 saturated. [Pass. part. of רָוָה. See רוה.] רִוּוּי m.n. MH 1 watering. NH 2 saturating, saturation. [Verbal n. of רִוָּה, Pi. of רוה.] רוֹזְמָרִין see רוֹסֽמָרִין. רוֹזֵן m.n. 1 ruler, prince, potentate. NH 2 baron. [Derived from base רזן (= to be weighty, be judicious), appearing in Arab. razuna (= was weighty, was grave, was serious, was firm of judgment), razīn (= weighty, grave, serious). cp. רָזוֹן ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: רוֹזְנוּת. רוֹזְנוּת f.n. MH 1 dignity of a prince. 2 title of baron, barony. [Formed from רוֹזֵן with suff. ◌וּת.] רוח ᴵ to be wide, be spacious. רוח ᴵᴵ to breathe, blow. [Syr. רָח (= he breathed), Arab. rāḥa (= was windy), Ethiop. rōḥa (= he moved the air with a fan, fanned). These verbs are denominated from Syr. rūḥā, resp. Arab. rūḥ (= wind, air). רוּחַ (= wind, air), and רֵיחַ (= smell, odor), are derivatives of this base. Several scholars suggest that רוח ᴵ and רוח ᴵᴵ are orig. one and the same base. According to them רֶוַח (= space), is nothing but רוּחַ, i.e. ‘the air’ between two things.] רוח ᴵᴵᴵ to air, ventilate. רֶֽוַח m.n. 1 space, interval (Gen. 32:17). 2 respite, relief (Est. 4:14). PBH 3 space of time. PBH 4 gain, profit. [From רוח ᴵ. cp. רַוֽחָא.] Derivatives: רִוֽחִי, רַוֽחָן, רֽוָחִים. רָוֵֽחַ adj. NH spacious, roomy. [From רוח ᴵ.] רֽוּחַ m. & f.n. (pl. רוּחוֹת, also רוּחִין) 1 wind, breeze. 2 air. 3 breath. 4 soul, spirit. 5 side, quarter (of heaven). 6 courage. NH 7 mind, disposition. PBH 8 evil spirit, demon. [From רוח ᴵ, whence also Phoen. רח, Samaritan ריח, Mand. רוחא (= spirit), BAram. רוּחַ, רוּחָא, Aram.–Syr. רוּחָא (= wind, breath, spirit), Ugar. rḥ (= wind, odor), Arab. rūḥ (= soul, spirit), rīḥ (= breath, wind, spirit).] Derivative: רוּחָנִי. cp. the second element in רֽשַׁמֽרוּחֵ and in שַׁבְרוּחַ. רַוְחָא m.n. PBH space, room. [Aram., related to Heb. רֶוַח (q.v.).] רְוָחָה f.n. 1 relief, ease, respite (in the Bible occurring only Ex. 8:11 and Lam. 3:56). NH 2 welfare. [Formed from רוח ᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] רִוְחִי adj. NH profitable. [Formed from רָוַח with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רִוֽחִיּוּת. רִוְחִיּוּת f.n. NH profitability. [Formed from רִוֽחִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רְוָחִים m.n. NH 1 profits. 2 interest. 3 dividend. [Properly pl. of רֶוַח (q.v.).] רַוְחָן m.n. NH profiteer. [Formed from רֶוַח (= gain, profit), with agential suff. ◌ָן.] רוּחָנִי adj. MH spiritual, mental. [Borrowed from Arab. ruḥāniyy (= spiritual), which derives from ruḥ (= spirit). See רוּחַ and suff. ◌ָנִי.] רוּחָנִיּוּת f.n. NH spirituality. [Formed from רוּחָנִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רוֹטָטוֹר m.n. FW rotator. [L. rotātor, from rotātus, p. part. of rotāre (= to turn about in a circle), from rota (= wheel). For the ending of L. rotātor see suff. ‘-tor’ in my CEDEL. cp. also רוֹטַצְיָה, רוֹטָרִי, רוּלֶטָּה, רוֹנְדוֹ.] רוֹטְטָנִי adj. NH tremulous, vibrating. [Formed from רוֹטֵט, act. part. of רָטַט (see רטט), with suff. ◌ָנִי.] רוּטִינָה f.n. FW routine. [Fren. routine, from route (= road, way, path), from VL rupta (via), f. p. part. of L. rumpere (= to break, burst, tear, rend). See ‘reave’ and subst. suff. ‘–ine’ in my CEDEL.] רוֹטֶל m.n. NH rotl (a weight of about 2.88 kgs.). [Arab. raṭl, riṭl, which was borrowed — through metathesis — from Gk. litra (= pound). See לִיטֽרָא.] רוֹטְנָן NH 1 grumbling. 2 grumbler. [Formed from רוֹטֵן, act. part. of רָטַן (see רטן), with agential suff. ◌ָן. cp. רַטֽנָן.] Derivative: רוֹטֽנָנִי. רוֹטְנָנִי adj. NH grumbling. [Formed from רוֹטְנָן with suff. ◌ִי. cp. רַטְנוּנִי.] רוֹטַצְיָה f.n. PBH rotation. [L. rotātiō (= a turning about in a circle), from rotātus, p. part. of rotāre. See רוֹטָטוֹר.] Derivative: רוֹטַצֽיוֹנִי. רוֹטַצְיוֹנִי adj. FW rotational. [Formed from רוֹטַצְיָה with suff. ◌וֹנִי.] רוֹטָרִי m.n. FW Rotary Club. [Eng. Rotary (Club), from the adj. rotary (= turning like a wheel), formed from L. rota (= wheel; see רוֹטָטוֹר), with suff. ‘–ary’; so called because the members of the first Rotary Club (founded by Paul P. Harris in Chicago in 1905) used to meet in rotation.] רַוְיָא adj. & n. one who has drunk his fill, drunkard. [Aram., from רְוָא (= he became drunk). See רוה.] רְוָיָה f.n. saturation, fullness. (in the Bible occurring only Ps. 23:5 and 66:12). [From רוה.] רְוִיָּה f.n. PBH drinking one’s fill, quenching one’s thirst. [Verbal n. of רָוָה. See רוה and first suff. ◌ָה.] רֶוְיוּ see רֶבֽיוּ. רִוְיוֹן m.n. MH 1 drinking one’s fill, quenching one’s thirst. NH 2 orgasm. [Formed from רוה with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] רְוִיחוּת f.n. NH being widespread, popularity. [Formed from רוֹוֵחַ with suff. ◌וּת.] רוֹכֵב m.n. 1 rider, horseman. 2 shoot (for grafting). [Subst. use of the act. part. of רָכַב. See רכב.] רוֹכֵל m.n. 1 trafficker, trader. NH 2 pedlar, hawker. [Properly Qal part. of רכל (q.v.), whence also JAram. רוֹכְלָא, Syr. רַכָּלָא (= huckster).] Derivative: רוֹכֽלוּת. רוֹכְלוּת f.n. PBH 1 traffic, trade. NH 2 peddling, hawking. [Formed from רוֹכֵל with suff. ◌וּת.] רוֹכְסָן m.n. NH zip fastener. [Formed from רוֹכֵס, act. part. of רָכַס (see רכס ᴵ), with agential suff. ◌ָן.] רוּלֶטָּה f.n. FW roulette. [Fren. roulette, dimin. of rouelle (= a small wheel), itself a dimin. of roue (= wheel), from L. rota. See רוֹטָטוֹר. For the ending of Fren. roulette see suff. ‘–ette’ in my CEDEL.] רום to be high, be exalted, rise; to be
haughty. רוּם ᴵ m.n. 1 height, elevation. 2 greatness. NH 3 vertex, altitude. [Properly inf. Qal of רום.] רוּם ᴵᴵ m.n. FW rum. [Eng. rum, shortened from rumbullion, which is prob. of imitative origin.] רוֹם m.n. height (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Hab. 3:10). [From רום.] רוֹמָאִי adj. NH Roman. [Formed from רוֹמָא (= Rome), with suff. ◌ִי. cp. רוֹמִי.] רוּמְבָּה f.n. FW rumba. [Sp. rumba, of uncertain origin.] רוֹמְבּוֹאִיד m.n. FW rhomboid. [Gk. romboeides (= rhomboid), lit. ‘resembling a rhomb’, from rombos (= rhomb), and oeides (= like), from eidos (= form, shape). See רוֹמֽבּוּס and אִידֵאָה.] רוֹמְבּוּס m.n. FW rhombus. [Gk. rombos (= a spinning top, wheel, rhombus), which is related to rembein (= to turn round, roll about), from IE base * wremb–, a nasalized form of base * wer-b- (= to turn, twist, bend); so called for its resemblance to a spinning top. cp. the first element in רוֹמְבּוֹאִיד.] רוֹמָה adv. erect, upright (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Micah 2:3). [Formed from רום with adv. suff. ◌ָה.] רוֹמֶה m.n. NH discharge up. [Subst. use of the act. part. of רָמָה, Qal of רמה.] רוֹמִי adj. FW Roman. [Formed from רוֹמָא (= Rome), with suff. ◌ִי. cp. רוֹמָאִי. cp. also רוֹמָן.] רוֹמִית adj. NH the Latin language. [f. of רוֹמִי; see רוֹמִי.] רוּמְ״ל MH abbr. of רַבָּנִים וּמֽלַמְּדִים (= Rabbis and teachers); used in the phrase סִפְרֵי רוּמֽ״ל (= holy books). רוֹמֵם adj. lifted up, elevated, exalted (in the Bible occurring only Ps. 118:16). [From רוֹמֵם, Pol. of רום.] Derivatives: רוֹמָם, רוֹמְמוּת. רוֹמָם adv. maestoso (music). [From רוֹמֵם.] רוֹמְמוּת f.n. uplifting, arising, majesty. [Formed from רוֹמֵם with suff. ◌וּת.] רוֹמָן m.n. FW 1 novel. 2 love affair, romance. [Fren. novel, from Old Fren. romant (= romance), orig. meaning ‘something written in a Romance tongue’, from Late L. Rōmānicē, adv. of L. Rōmānicus (= Roman), from Rōmānus (= Roman), from Rōma (= Rome). cp. רוֹמָאִי, רוֹמִי. cp. also רוֹמַנְטִי, רוֹמַנְטִיזְם, רוֹמַנְטִיקָה, רוֹמַנְס. רוֹמַנְטִי adj. FW romantic. [Back formation from Eng. romantic (= lit.: ‘pertaining to a romance’), from Fren. romantique, from romant. See רוֹמָן. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רוֹמַנְטִיזְם. רוֹמַנְטִיזְם m.n. FW romanticism. [Formed from רוֹמַנְטִי with suff. ◌ִיזְם.] רוֹמַנְטִיקָה f.n. FW another name for רוֹמַנְטִיזְם (q.v.). [See רוֹמַנֽטִי.] רוֹמַנְס, רוֹמַנְסָה m.n., resp. f.n. FW romance. [Sp. romance, from Late L. Romānicē, whence Fren. and Eng. romance. See רוֹמָן.] רוֹנְדּוֹ m.n. FW rondo (a musical composition with a principal subject, which is repeated at least twice after the introduction of several episodes). [It. rondo, from Fren. rondeau, from earlier rondel, which is prob. dimin. of rond (= round), from VL * retondus, dissimilated from L. rotundus (= round), lit.: ‘wheel-shaped’, from rota (= wheel). See רוֹטָטוֹר.] רוֹנָן, רוֹנָנִי adj. PBH, resp. NH grumbling. [From רָנַן, Qal of רנן ᴵᴵ.] רוֹסְמָרִין m.n. FW rosemary (a genus of plants). [From L. rōs marīnus (= rosemary; lit.: ‘dew of the sea’), from rōs (= dew), and marīnus (= pertaining to the sea), from mare (= sea). The first element derives from IE base * ras–, *eras–, *eres–, *ers– (= to flow, wet, moisten). For the second element see קוֹרְמוֹרָן.] רוע to shout; to give a blast (with a horn or
trumpet). רוֹעֶה m.n. shepherd. [Subst. use of the act. part. of רָעָה, Qal of רעה ᴵ. cp. Arab. rā‘i. cp. also רָעֲיָא.] Derivative: רוֹעִית. רוֹעִית f.n. NH pastoral, pastorale. [Formed from רוֹעֶה with suff. ◌ִית.] רוֹעֵם adj. NH thundering; fulminating. [Act. part. of רָעַם. See רעם.] רוֹעֵץ m.n. PBH stumbling block. [Subst. use of the act. part. of רָעַץ. See רעץ.] רוֹעֵשׁ adj. NH noisy. [Act. part. of רָעַשׁ. See רעשׁ.] רוף a secondary form of רפא. [Base of תְּרוּפָה.] רוֹפֵא m.n. physician, doctor. [Subst. use of the act. part. of רָפָא, Qal of רפא ᴵ.] Derivative: רוֹפְאָן. רוֹפְאָן m.n. NH non-diplomaed medical practitioner. [Formed from רוֹפֵא with suff. ◌ָן.] רוֹפֵם adj. PBH weak, tender. [Act. part. of רָפַס. See רפס ᴵᴵ.] רוֹפֵף adj. PBH weak, unstable. [Act. part. of רָפַף, Qal of רפף.] רוץ to run. רַוָּץ m.n. NH jockey. [Nomen opificis formed from רוץ (= to run), according to the pattern פַּעָל.] רוֹצֵֽחַ m.n. murderer. [Subst. use of the act. part. of רָצַח. See רצח.] Derivative: רוֹצֽחָנִי. רוֹצְחָנִי adj. NH murderous. [Formed from רזֹצֵחַ with suff. ◌ֶנִי. cp. רַצְחָן, רַצֽחָנִי.] רַוָּק m.n. PBH bachelor, unmarried. [Related to Aram. רַוָּקָא (= a young man), Arab. rayq and rauq (= youth). According to some scholars the basic meaning of רַוָּק is, indeed, ‘young, young man’. However, it is more probable that the orig. meaning of this word is ‘empty’, and that it derives from the base ריק (= to be empty). Accordingly רַוָּק would properly mean ‘a man whose house is empty from wife and children’.] Derivatives: רַוָּקוּת, רַוָּקִי, רַוָּקִיָּה. רַוָּקָה f.n. NH spinster, single girl. [f. of רַוָּק.] רוֹקוֹקוֹ m.n. FW rococo. [Fren. rococo (lit.: ‘rock work’), from rocaille (= rock work), which derives from roque, corresponding to Old Fren. roche, from VL rocca, a word of Celtic origin (see ‘rock’ in my CEDEL); so called in allusion to the use of shells in this kind of architecture.] רַוָּקוּת f.n. NH bachelorhood, bachelorship, spinsterhood. [Formed from רַוָּק with suff. ◌וּת.] רוֹקֵחַ m.n. 1 perfumer. PBH 2 druggist, pharmacist. [Subst. use of the act. part. of רָקֵח. See רקח.] Derivative: רוֹקְחוּת. רוֹקְחוּת f.n. NH pharmaceutics, pharmacy. [Formed from רוֹקֵחַ with suff. ◌וּת.] רַוָּקִי adj. NH pertaining to a bachelor; pertaining to a spinster. [Formed from רַוָּק with suff. ◌ִי.] רַוָּקִיָּה f.n. NH bachelor apartment. [Formed from רַוָּק with suff. ◌ִיָּה.] רוֹקֵם m.n. weaver in colors, embroiderer. [Subst. use of the act. part. of רָקַם. See רקם.] רוקן to empty. רוֹקָנִי m.n. PBH (pl. רוּקָנִין) plane (tool). [Gk. rykane, of unknown origin.] רוֹשׁ m.n. poison. [A secondary form of רֹאשׁ ᴵᴵ.] רוֹשֵׁשׁ Pi. of רישׁ. רוֹתֵֽחַ adj. PBH 1 boiling. NH 2 very much excited. [Act. part. of רָתַח. Qal of רתח.] רוּתֶנְיוּם m.n. FW ruthenium (chemistry). [Modern L. ruthenium, a name given to this element by the Russian chemist Karl Klauss in 1845. However, the name ruthenium is of earlier origin. It was coined by Osann in 1828 to name with it a new metal discovered by him, but it was Klauss who confirmed that this metal really contained the new element.] רוֹתֵת adj. PBH trembling. [Act. part. of רָתַת. See רתת.] רָז m.n. secret. [From BAram., which together with JAram. רָזָא, Syr. רָאזָא, רָזָא, Mand. ראזא, is borrowed from Pers. rāž, rāz (= secret). cp. רָזי ᴵ.] Derivative: רָזי ᴵᴵ. רזה to be or become lean. רָזֶה adj. lean, thin, scant, scarce. [From רזה.] Derivative: רָזֶה. רָזוּי adj. NH lean, thin. [Pass. part. of רָזָה. See רזה.] רָזוֹן ᴵ m.n. leanness, thinness, scantness, scarcity. [Formed from רזה with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns. cp. רִזּוּן.] רָזוֹן ᴵᴵ m.n. ruler, prince (in the Bible occurring only Pr. 14:28). [A secondary form of רוֹזֵן.] רִזּוּן m.n. NH making lean, making thin. [Back formation from רָזוֹן ᴵ.] רֶזוֹנַנְס m.n. FW resonance. [Fren. résonance, from L. resonantia (= echo), from resonāns, pres. part. of resonāre (= to resound), which is formed from re- (= back, again), and sonāre (= to sound). See סוֹנֶטָה.] רזח base of מַרְזֵחַ. רָזִי ᴵ A hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring in the phrase רָזִי־לִי, רָזִי־לִי (Is. 24:16), of uncertain origin and meaning. [According to some scholars רָזִי derives from רזה (= to be lean) and means ‘wasting, ruin’; according to others רָזִי is a suff. form of רָז and means ‘my secret’.] רָזִי ᴵᴵ adj. NH mysterious, secret. [Formed from רָז with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רָזִיּוּת. רְזִיָּה f.n. MH becoming lean. [Verbal n. of רָזָה. See רזה and first suff. ◌ָה.] רָזִיּוּת f.n. NH mysteriousness, secrecy. [Formed from רָזִי ᴵᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] רְזִימָה f.n. NH winking. [Verbal n. of רָזַם. See רזם and first suff. ◌ָה and cp. רְמִיזָה.] רֶזִ׳יסוֹר m.n. FW stage manager. [Fren. régisseur, from régir (= to direct, manage), from L. regere (= to keep straight, lead, direct, rule). See רֶקְטוֹר.] רזם to wink, hint, allude. רָזֹֽנֶת adj. & f.n. very lean, very thin. [Formed from רָזָה, f. of רָזֶה, with suff. ◌ֹנֶת.] רֶזֶרְבָה f.n. FW reserve. [Fren. réserve, from back formation from réserver, from L. reservāre (= to keep back, save up, reserve), from re- (= back, again), and servāre (= to save, deliver, preserve, protect). See קוֹנְסֶרֽוִים and cp. רֶזֶרֽבִי and רֶזֶרְבִיסְט.] רֶזֶרְבִי adj. FW reserve (adj.). [See רֶזֶרְבָה and suff. ◌ִי.] רֶזֶרְבִיסְט m.n. FW reservist. [Fren. réserviste, from réserve. See רֶזֶרֽבָה and suff. ◌ִיסְט.] רחב to be wide, be broad. רָחָב adj. 1 wide, broad. 2 spacious, roomy. [From רחב. cp. Arab. raḥb (= wide, spacious). cp. רְחָבָה.] Derivative: רַחֲבוּת. רֹֽחַב m.n. breadth, width, extent. [From רחב. cp. Arab. ruḥb (= vastness, wideness, spaciousness.] Derivative: רָחֽבִּי. רַֽחַב m.n. breadth, broad expanse (in the Bible occurring only Job 36:16 and 38:18). [From רחב.] רְחָבָה f.n. PBH a wide open space; square. [From רחב; prob. subst. use of the f. of the adj. רָחָב.] רַחֲבוּת f.n. MH 1 breadth, width. NH 2 generosity. [Formed from רָחָב with suff. ◌וּת.] רָחְבִּי adj. NH pertaining to the breadth; transversal. [Formed from רֹחַב with suff. ◌ִי.] רְחוֹב m.n. (pl. רְחוֹבוֹת) 1 broad open place (in a city), square. NH 2 street, road. [From רחב. cp. Arab. raḥba, raḥaba, Akka. rēbitu (= public square). cp. also רְחָבָה.] רַחוּם adj. merciful, compassionate (in the Bible used only of God). [From רִחֵם, Pi. of רחם. cp. Arab. raḥīm (= merciful, compassionate).] רָחוּם adj. MH beloved. [Pass. part. of רָחַם, Qal of רחם. cp. Aram. רְחִימָא (= beloved).] רִחוּם m.n. NH love, affection (used mostly in the pl.). [Formed from רִחֵם, Pi. of רחם.] רִחוּן m.n. NH spiritualization. [Verbal n. of רִחֵן. See רחן.] רָחוּף adj. MH hovering, flying, fluctuant. [From רחף. Formally pass. part. of רָחַף.] רִחוּף m.n. PBH hovering, flying, fluctuation. [Verbal n. of רִחֵף, Pi. of רחף.] רָחוּץ adj. PBH washed. [Pass. part. of רָחַץ; see רחץ.] רִחוּץ m.n. PBH washing. [Verbal n. of רִחֵץ, Pi. of רחץ.] רָחוֹק adj. 1 far, distant, remote. PBH 2 at a distance of. MH 3 improbable. [From רחק.] רִחוּק m.n. PBH distance, remoteness. [Verbal n. of רִחֵק, Pi. of רחק.] רָחוֹשׁ m.n. PBH reptile-shaped ornament. [From רחשׁ ᴵᴵ.] רָחוּשׁ ᴵ m.n. a kind of pan. [From רחשׁ ᴵᴵ (= to move, stir, creep). For sense development cp. the related מַרְחֶשֶׁת.] רָחוּשׁ ᴵᴵ adj. NH excited. [Pass. part. of רָחַשׁ. See רחשׁ ᴵ.] רָחוּשׁ ᴵᴵᴵ adj. PBH swarming with. [Pass. part. of רָחַשׁ; see רחשׁ ᴵᴵ. This is an exception, because intransitive verbs regularly have no passive part. For similar exceptions cp. בָּטוּחַ and words there referred to.] רִחוּשׁ m.n. PBH 1 movement (of lips). 2 swarming (of insects). [Verbal n. of רִחֵשׁ, Pi. of רחשׁ ᴵᴵ.] רֵחַֽיִם m.n. (sometimes f.) hand mill. Lit.: ‘a pair of millstones’ (in MH the noun רֵחַיִם is usually treated as a singular). [Related to Aram. רִחְיָא, Syr. רַחְיָא, Ugar. rḥm, Arab. raḥan, Ethiop. madḥē, and prob. also to Akka. erū, erittu (= hand mill).] רָחִים adj. NH beloved. [From Aram. רֽחִים, רֽחִימָא. See רְחִימָא.] רְחִימָא adj. PBH beloved. [Aram., properly pass. part. of רְחֵם (= he loved). See רחם and cp. רָחִים.] רְחִימָאִי m.n. NH my beloved. [Formed from רְחִימָא (q.v.) with suff. ◌ִי.] רְחִימָה f.n. NH love. [Formed from רחם with first suff. ◌ָה. cp. Aram. רְחִימֽתָּא (= love).] רְחִימוּ f.n. PBH love. [Aram., from רֽחַם (= he loved). See רחם.] רָחִיף adj. NH hovering, flying, fluttering. [From רחף.] רְחִיפָה f.n. MH hovering, flying, fluttering. [Verbal n. of רָחַף. See רחף and first suff. ◌ָה.] רָחִיץ adj. NH washable. [Coined from רחץ (= to wash), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in NH to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: רְחִיצוּת. רְחִיצָה f.n. PBH washing, bathing. [Verbal n. of רָחַץ. See רחץ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְחִיצוּת f.n. NH washability. [Formed from רָחִיץ with suff. ◌וּת.] רְחִיקוּת f.n. NH being far away, being distant, distance. [Formed from רָחוֹק with suff. ◌וּת.] רְחִישָׁה f.n. PBH movement (esp. of mouth and lips). [Verbal n. of רָחַשׁ. See רחשׁ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רָחֵל ᴵ f.n. PBH (pl. רֽחֵלִים; in רֽחֵלָה, pl. רְחֵלוֹת) ewe, sheep. [Related to Aram. רַחְלָא, Arab. raḫil, Akka. laḫru (= ewe; a metathesized form).] רָחֵל ᴵᴵ f. personal name of the younger daughter of Laban, wife of Jacob. [Lit.: ‘ewe’. See רָחֵל ᴵ.] רחם to love, have mercy, have compassion. רֶֽחֶם, רַֽחַם m.n. womb. [From רחם, whence also Aram. רַחֲמָא, Syr. רַחְמָא (= womb), Arab. raḥim, riḥm (= womb), Akka. rēmu (= womb; mercy, compassion). See רַחֲמִים.] רָחָם, רָחָֽמָה m.n. carrion vulture. [Together with Arab. raḫam, raḫama (of s.m.), prob. imitative of the bird’s cry.] רָחֵם adj. PBH loving, a lover of scholars. [Aram., act. part. of רְחֵם (= he loved). See רחם and cp. רָחִים.] רַחֲמָה f.n. (dual רַחֲמָתַֽיִם) womb. [See רֶחֶם, רַחַם.] רַחֲמִים m.n. pl. mercy, compassion, pity. [Pl. of רֶחֶם (= womb). For sense development cp. Aram. רַחֲמָא, Syr. רַחְמָא (= womb), pl. ‘bowels’, whence, fig., ‘tenderness, mercy, compassion’; Arab. raḥma (= compassion, pity, sympathy, kindness); Akka. rēmu (= womb; mercy, compassion).] רַחֲמָן m.n. PBH merciful, compassionate. [Formed from רחם with agential suff. ◌ָן. See רַחֲמָנִי and cp. רַחֲמָנָא.] Derivative: רַחֲמָנוּת. רַחֲמָנָא adj. PBH (used as a n.) the Merciful, God. [JAram. (= Syr.), corresponding to Heb. הָרַחֲמָן. See רַחֲמָן. Arab. ar-raḥmān (= the Merciful; i.e. God) is an Aram. loan word.] רַחֲמָנוּת f.n. PBH mercy, compassion, pity. [Formed from רַחֲמָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רַחֲמָנִי adj. merciful, compassionate, pitiful (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Lam. 4:10 in the form רַחֲמָנִיּוֹת). [Formed from רחם with suff. ◌ָנִי. cp. Akka. rēmēnū and Aram. רַחֲמָן, רַחֲמָנָא (of s.m.). See רַחֲמָן and רַחֲמָנָא and suff. ◌ִי.] רַחֶֽמֶת f.n. NH metritis (disease). [Coined from רֶחֶם (= womb), according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת, serving to form names of diseases. See אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.] רחן to spiritualize. רַֽחַף m.n. NH 1 hovering, flying, fluttering. 2 trembling, shaking, shivering. [From רחף.] רחף to move gently, to hover, fly, flutter. רַחֲפָנִי adj. NH hovering, flying, fluttering. [Formed from רָחַף (see רחף) with suff. ◌ָנִי.] רְחֹֽפֶת f.n. NH pollen. [Formed from רחף with suff. ◌ֶת.] רַחֶֽפֶת f.n. NH funicular, funicular railroad. [Formed from רִחֵף, Pi. of רחף, with suff. ◌ֶת.] רחץ to wash, bathe. רַֽחַץ m.n. washing (in the Bible occurring only Ps. 60:10 and 108:10). [From רחץ.] רַחְצָה f.n. washing. [Formed from רָחַץ (see רחץ) with first suff. ◌ָה.] רָחְצָה f.n. washing. [Inf. of רָחַץ. See רחץ and first suff. ◌ָה. For other infinitives ending in ◌ָה see אַהֲבָה and words there referred to.] רַחְצָן m.n. NH bather, esp. one who bathes frequently. [Formed from רָחַץ (see רחץ) with agential suff. ◌ָן.] רחק to be far, to become far. רָחֵק adj. keeping away (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 73:27). [From רחק.] רֹֽחַק m.n. MH 1 distance. 2 dimension. [From רחק. cp. רַחַק.] רַֽחַק m.n. NH distance. [A secondary form of רֹחַק.] רָחֳקָה (used only with the pref. לֽ◌) לֽרָחֳקָה (= to go far off, depart). [Inf. of רָחַק. See רחק and first suff. ◌ָה. For other infinitives ending in ◌ָה see אַהֲבָה and words there referred to.] רַחֲקוּת f.n. NH distance, remoteness. [Formed from רחק with suff. ◌וּת.] רִחְרֽוּחַ m.n. NH 1 sniffing, snuffing. 2 scenting, tracking, detection. [Verbal n. of רִחְרַח. See רחרח.] רחרח to sniff, snuff; to scent, track, detect.
רַחְרְחָן m.n. NH sniffer, snuffer, snooper. [Formed from רחרח with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: רַחֽרְחָנוּת, רַחֽרְחָנִי. רַחְרְחָנוּת f.n. NH sniffing, snuffing, snooping. [Formed from רַחְרְחָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רַחְרְחָנִי adj. NH sniffing, snuffing, snooping. [Formed from רַחְרְחָן with suff. ◌ִי.] רחשׁ to move, be astir; to creep, swarm, to be
moved, feel. רַֽחַשׁ ᴵ m.n. PBH 1 whisper. NH 2 idea, thought, meditation. MH 3 prayer. [From רחשׁ. cp. רַחַשׁ ᴵᴵ.] רַֽחַשׁ ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH creeping thing, reptile. [From רחשׁ, whence also Syr. רָחְשָׁא (= creeping thing, reptile). רַחַשׁ ᴵᴵ is derivatively identical with רַחַשׁ ᴵ.] רַחֲשׁוּשׁ m.n. PBH 1 emotion, feeling. PBH 2 moving (of the lips), whisper. MH 3 prayer. [Aram., formed from רְחַשׁ, רְחֵשׁ (= to move), through reduplication of the third radical.] רַֽחַת ᴵᴵ f.n. (pl. רְחָתוֹת) winnowing shovel (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 30:24). [Prob. related to Aram. רִיחֲתָא, Ugar. rḥt, Akka. rittu (= palm of the hand). Arab. rāḥa (of s.m.) is prob. a loan word. These words prob. derive from רוּחַ (= wind), resp. its equivalents (see רוּחַ). For the form of the n. רַחַת cp. נַחַת (= quietness), and שַׁחַת (= pit, grave), which stand to נוּחַ (= to rest), resp. to שׁוּחַ (= to sink down), as רַחַת stands to רוּחַ. cp. רַחַת ᴵᴵ.] רַֽחַת ᴵ f.n. NH (pl. רֽחָתוֹת) racket (in tennis). [Fren. raquette, from rachette, with the sense ‘palm of the hand’, from Arab. rāḥa, in vulgar pronunciation rāḥet (= the palm of the hand). See רַחַת ᴵ and cp. רַקֶּטָה ᴵᴵ. Sense development was influenced by Fren. jeu de paume (= tennis; lit.: ‘play with the palm of the hand’).] רטב NH to be moist, be wet, be fresh. רָטֹב adj. moist, wet, sapful — said of plants (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 8:16). [From רטב, whence also Arab. raṭīb, rāṭib (= moist, humid, damp).] Derivatives: רַטֽבּוּבִי, רְטִיבוּת. רֹֽטֶב ᴵ m.n. PBH 1 sauce, gravy. NH 2 fruit juice. [From רטב, whence also Aram. רוֹטְבָא (= sauce, gravy).] רֹֽטֶב ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH a juicy date. [From רטב, whence also Arab. ruṭab (= fresh, ripe dates). cp. רֽטִיבָה.] רַטְבּוּבִי adj. NH wettish. [Formed from רָטֹב with reduplication of the third radical. For the ending of רַטֽבּוּבִי see suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רַטְבּוּבִיּוּת. רַטְבּוּבִיּוּת wettishness. [Formed from רַטְבּוּבִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רִטָּבוֹן m.n. MH moisture. [Formed from רִטֵּב, Pi. of רטב, with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] רטה to wring, press. רַטּוֹב m.n. PBH bird trap (a basket of green twigs). [Prob. derived from רטב (= to be moist, be wet, be fresh, be green).] רִטּוּב m.n. MH moistening, wetting. [Verbal n. of רִטֵּב, Pi. of רטב.] רִטּוּט m.n. NH vibration. [Verbal n. of רִטֵּט, Pi. of רטט.] רִטּוּן m.n. NH murmuring, grumbling. [Verbal n. of רִטֵּן, Pi. of רטן.] רֶטוֹרִי adj. FW rhetorical. [Formed with suff. ◌ִי from Gk. rhetor (= public speaker, orator, rhetor), which is related to rhema (= word; lit.: ‘that which is spoken’), and to eiro (= I say, speak), eiron (= dissembler; lit.: ‘sayer’, i.e. one who speaks in order to hide his thoughts), eironeia (= irony). See אִירוֹנְיָה and cp. פַּרְהֶסֽיָא.] רֶטוֹרִיקָה f.n. FW rhetoric. [Gk. rhetorike, f. of rhetorikos (= fit for a public speaker or public speaking, oratorical; rhetorical), from rhetor. See רֶטוֹרִי. For the ending of rhetorikos see subst. suff. ‘–ic’in my CEDEL.] רָטוּשׁ adj. MH crushed, split, torn to pieces. [Pass. part. of רָטַשׁ. See רטשׁ ᴵ.] רִטּוּשׁ ᴵ m.n. MH crushing, splitting, tearing to pieces. [Verbal n. of רִטֵּשׁ, Pi. of רטשׁ ᴵ.] רִטּוּשׁ ᴵᴵ m.n. NH retouching (photography). [Verbal n. of רִטֵּשׁ, Pi. of רטשׁ ᴵᴵ.] רָטוֹשׁ m.n. PBH (pl. רָטוֹשִׁין) fugitive who abandoned his estate. [Related to Aram. רְטַשׁ (= he abandoned). See רטשׁ ᴵ.] רֶטוּשׁ m.n. FW retouching (photography). [Fren. retouche (= retouching), back formation from retoucher (= to retouch), from re– (= back, again), and toucher (= to touch), which derives from VL * toccāre (= to knock, strike, rap), which is of imitative origin. VL * toccāre properly meant ‘to produce the sound tok’. See ‘touch’ (v.) in my CEDEL.] Derivative: רִטוּשׁ ᴵᴵ. רטט to tremble. רֶֽטֶט m.n. trembling, panic (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 49:24). [From רטט.] רַטָּט m.n. NH vibrator. [Formed from רִטֵּט, Pi. of רטט.] רַטְטָנִי adj. NH tremulous, vibrating. [Formed from רֶטֶט with suff. ◌ָנִי.] רַטֶּטֶת f.n. NH Parkinson’s disease. [Formed from רטט according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת serving to form names of diseases. See אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.] רְטִיבָה f.n. PBH blossoming. [Verbal n. of רָטַב (= to be fresh, green). See רטב and first suff. ◌ָה and cp. רֹטֶב ᴵᴵ.] רְטִיבוּת f.n. MH moisture. [Formed from רָטֹב with suff. ◌וּת.] רְטִיָּה f.n. PBH plaster, compress, bandage. [From רטה; formally verbal n. of רָטָה. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רָטִיט ᴵ adj. NH trembling, tremulous. [From רטט. cp. רָטִיט ᴵᴵ.] רָטִיט ᴵᴵ m.n. NH trembling poplar. [Subst. use of רָטִיט ᴵ; properly loan translation of the scientific Latin name Populus tremula, lit.: ‘trembling poplar’. cp. also the French name peuplier tremble (also shortly: tremble), from trembler (= to tremble).] רְטִיטָה f.n. NH trembling, vibration. [Verbal n. of רָטַט. See רטט and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְטִינָה f.n. NH murmuring, grumbling. [Verbal n. of רָטֵן. See רטן and first suff. ◌ָה.] רָטִיפִיקַצְיָה f.n. FW ratification. [Modern L. ratificātiō, from ratificātus, p. part. of ratificāre (= to fix by reckoning), from ratus, p. part. of reor, rērī (= to reckon, believe, think, judge, suppose), and – ficāre, from facere (= to make, do). The first element derives from IE base * ar–, *are–, *rē–, *r– (= to join, fix). See אַרֽטִיסֽט and cp. רַצֽיוֹנָלִי. For the second element see פַקְט.] רטן to murmur, grumble. רֶֽטֶן m.n. NH murmur, grumble. [From רטן.] רַטְנוּנִי adj. NH murmuring, grumbling. [A collateral form of רוֹטְנָנִי.] רַטְנָן m.n. NH grumbler. [A collateral form of רוֹטְנָן.] Derivative: רַטְנָנִי. רטנן to murmur, grumble. רַטְנָנִי adj. NH grumbling. [Formed from רַטְנָן with suff. ◌ִי.] רִטְפּוּשׁ m.n. MH fattening. [From רטפש.] רטפש to be fat and clumsy; to become or be
fresh. רֶטְרוֹאַקְטִיבִי adj. FW retroactive. [Fren. rétroactif, from L. retrōāctus, p. part. of retrōgere (= to drive back, turn back), from retrō, which was formed from re– (= back, again), and agere (= to drive, set in motion; to do, act). Retrō stands to re– as intrō (= in, within), to in (= in), and as citrō (= hither) stands to cis (= on this side). For the second element in רֶטֽרוֹאַקְטִיבִי see אַקֽטִיבִי.] Derivative: רֶטֽרוֹאַקֽטִיבִיּוּת. רֶטְרוֹאַקְטִיבִיּוּת f.n. FW [Formed from רֶטֽרוֹאַקֽטִיבִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רֶטְרוֹסְפֶּקְטִיבִי adj. FW retrospective. [Formed from L. * retrōspectus, from retrōspect-(um), p. part. of stem retrōspicere (= to look back), from retrō (see רֶטְרוֹאַקֽטִיבִי) and specere, spicere (= to look). See סֽפֶּצֽיָאלִי.] רטשׁ ᴵ to crush, split, tear to pieces. רטשׁ ᴵᴵ to retouch (in photography). רִי m.n. moisture (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 37:11). [Prob. derived from רוה. cp. OSArab. רוי (= irrigation).] ◌ָרִי adj. FW suff. -ary (meaning ‘pertaining to’). [L. - ārius. See suff. ‘–ary’ in my CEDEL.] רֵיאוֹסְטָט m.n. FW rheostat. [Eng. rheostat, coined by the English physicist Sir Charles Wheatstone (1802–75) from Gk. rheos (= anything flowing, stream), and statos (= placed, standing). The first element derives from the stem of rhein (= to flow, run). For the second element see סֽטָטִי.] רֵיאוֹרְגָנִיזַצְיָה f.n. FW reorganization. [Formed from L. re– (= back, again), and Med. L. organizātiō (= organization), from organizātus, p. part. of organizāre (= to organize), from L. organum (= organ), from Gk. organon. See אוֹרְגָּנִי and suff. ◌ַצֽיָה.] רֵיאָלִי adj. FW real. [Late L. reālis (= pertaining to a thing), from rēs (= thing, object, matter, affair, circumstance). See רֶבּוּס. For the L. ending – ālis see adj. suff. ‘–al’ in my CEDEL; for the ending ◌ִי in רֵיאָלִי see suff. ◌ִי. cp. סוּרֵיאָלִי.] Derivative: רֵיאָלִיּוּת. רֵיאָלִיּוּת f.n. FW reality, realism. [Formed from רֵיאָלִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רֵיאָלִיזְם m.n. FW realism. [Ger. Realismus, formed from Late L. reālis. See רֵיאָלִי and suff. ◌ִיזֽם.] רֵיאָלִיסְט m.n. FW realist. [Fren. réaliste, formed from Old Fren. real, (from Late L. realis), with suff. – iste. See רֵיאָלִי and suff. ◌ִיסֽט.] Derivative: רֵיאָלִיסֽטִי. רֵיאָלִיסְטִי adj. FW realistic. [Formed from רֵיאָלִיסֽט with suff. ◌ִי.] רֵיאַקְטוֹר m.n. FW reactor. [Formed from Modern L. reāctus, p. part. of reagere, from re– (= back, again), and agere (= to drive, set in motion; to do, act). See אַקְטוּאָלִי. For the ending of רֵיאַקֽטוֹר see agential suff. ‘–or’ in my CEDEL.] רֵיאַקְצְיָה f.n. FW reaction. [Formed from L. re- (= back, again), and āctiō (= action). See אַקְצְיָה.] Derivative: רֵיאַקְצְיוֹנִי. רֵיאַקְצְיוֹנִי adj. FW reactionary. [See רֵאַקְצֽיָה and suff. ◌ִי.] רֵיאַקְצְיוֹנֶר m.n. FW reactionary. [Fren. réactionnaire, from réaction. See רֵיאַקְצְיָה. Fren. suff. – aire derives from L. – arius. See subst. suff. ‘–ary’ in my CEDEL.] ריב to strive, contend. רִיב m.n. (pl. רִיבוֹת, also רִיבִים) 1 strife, contention. 2 dispute, controversy. [From ריב.] רִיבָה f.n. PBH maiden, girl. [Related to JAram. רִיבָא, רֽבִיתָא (of s.m.) and to רוֹבֶה (= lad, young man).] ריד see רּוד. רִידְיָא m.n. PBH name of the angel of rain. [Aram., related to רֽדָא (= he plowed), רַדֽיָא (= plowing), and to Arab. radā(y) (= he trod), Heb. רָדָה (= he ruled, had dominion over, dominated). See רדה ᴵ.] רֵיהַבִּילִיטֵצְיָה f.n. FW rehabilitation. [Formed from Med. L. rehabilitātus, p. part. of rehabilitāre, from re– (= back, again), and habilitāre (= to make fit), from habilitās (= suitability, fitness), from habilis (= suitable, fit, proper; lit.: ‘that which may be easily handled’), from habēre (= to have, hold, possess), which derives from IE base * ghab(h)– (= to seize, take, hold, have).] רִיזִיקוֹ m.n. FW risk. [Ger. Risiko, from It. risco — whence also Fren. risque — back formation from risicare (= to risk), from VL * risicāre, which is prob. a derivative of Gk. riza (= root) (for whose etymology see רָדִיקָל) and used also in the sense of ‘cliff, crag’. Accordingly VL * risicāre orig. meant ‘to navigate among cliffs’.] רֵֽיחַ m.n. (pl. רֵיחוֹת, also רֵיחִים) 1 smell, odor, scent. PBH 2 slight resemblance. [From רוח ᴵᴵ (= to breathe, blow), whence also Aram., BAram. and Syr. רֵיחָא, Arab. rīḥ, Ethiop. reḥē (= smell, odor, scent). For the form cp. רֵעַ ᴵᴵᴵ (= noise, shout), which is formed from רוע (= to shout), and חֵיל (= rampart), which possibly derives from חול ᴵ in the sense ‘to move in a circle’.] Derivatives: ריח, רֵיחָן, רֵיחָנוּת, רֵיחָנִי, רחרח. ריח to smell, scent, perceive odor. רִיחָה f.n. smelling. [Formed from ריח with first suff. ◌ָה.] רֵיחָן m.n. PBH 1 fragrant plant. NH 2 sweet basil, Ocinum Basilicum. [Formed from רֵיחַ with agential suff. ◌ָן. In sense 2 רֵיחָן is a loan word from Arab. raihān (from rīḥ).] רֵיחָנוּת f.n. NH fragrance. [Formed from רֵיחַ with suff. ◌ָנוּת.] רֵיחָנִי adj. MH sweet-smelling. [Formed from רֵיחַ with suff. ◌ָנִי. cp. Aram.–Syr. רֵיחָנָא (= sweet-smelling), Syr. רֵיחָנָא (= smell, odor).] Derivative: רֵיחָנִיּוּת. רֵיחָנִיּוּת f.n. NH fragrance. [Formed from רֵיחָנִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רִיטוּאָל m.n. FW ritual. [Eng. ritual (n.), from L. rītuālis, from rītus (= religious custom, rite, ceremony, usage), which is cogn. with Gk. arithmos (= number). All these words are derivatives of IE base * rī̌ (= to count, number), which is prob. an enlargement of base * ar– (= to join). See אַרֽטִיסְט. For the ending of רִיטוּאָל see adj. suff. ‘–al’ in my CEDEL.] רִיטוּאָלִי adj. FW ritual. [Formed from רִיטוּאָל with suff. ◌ִי.] רֵים see רֽאֵם. רֵימָטִיזְם m.n. FW rheumatism. [Gk. rheumatismos, from rheumatizesthai (= to suffer from a flux), from rheuma (= that which flows; discharge, flux, rheum), from the stem of rheein, rhein (= to flow), from IE base * sreu– (= to flow). See רִיתֽמוּס and suff. ◌ִיזְם.] רִיס ᴵ m.n. PBH eyelash. [Related to Aram. רִיסָא (= eyelash), and to Arab. rīsh (= feathers), rīsha (= feather).] רִיס ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH 1 racecourse, hippodrome, stadium. 2 a unit of measure corresponding to the Gk. stadion (= 185 meters). [Prob. shortened from Pers. asprīsa (= arena, stadium).] רִיס ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. PBH poison. [Of uncertain origin.] רִיסְפָּק m.n. PBH litter. [Aram., of uncertain origin. According to some scholars the word רִיסֽפָּק is compounded of Pers. ratha = raca, corresponding to L. rhedha (= carriage), and pakūk = pak (= support), hence רִיסֽפַּק would lit. mean ‘a carriage to lean to’ or ‘a carriage to rest in’.] רִיף ᴵ m.n. PBH shelf. [See רַף.] רִיף ᴵᴵ m.n. FW reef. [Eng., earlier riff, from Old Norse rif, which is prob. identical with Old Norse rif (= rib), used in a metaphorical sense.] רִיף ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. MH (pl. רִיפִין) a loaf of bread; cake. [From Aram. רִיפְתָא (of s.m.).] רִיפָה f.n. prob. meaning ‘pounded grain’, ‘grits’ (in the Bible occurring only in the pl. רִיפוֹת, Sam. II 17:19, Pr. 27:22). [Of unknown origin.] רִיצָה f.n. PBH running. [Verbal n. of רוּץ (= to run). See רוץ and first suff. ◌ָה.] ריק to empty, pour out. רֵיק adj. 1 empty, void. 2 idle, vain, worthless. [From ריק.] Derivatives: רֵיקוּת, רֵיקָם, רֵיקָן. cp. רֵיקָא, רֵיקָה, רֵיקָנָא. רִיק m.n. 1 emptiness, void. NH 2 vacuum. [From רִיק.] רֵיקָא, רֵיקָה adj. (pl. רֵיקִין) empty-headed, vain. [Aram., prob. shortened from רֵיקָן.] רִיקוֹשֶׁט m.n. FW ricochet. [Fren. richochet, of uncertain origin.] רֵיקוּת f.n. MH 1 emptiness. NH 2 vanity. [Formed from רֵיק with suff. ◌וּת.] רֵיקָם adv. 1 emptily, vainly. 2 in vain, without effect. PBH 3 empty. [Formed from רֵיק (= empty, vain), with adv. suff. ◌ָם. See ◌ָם ᴵᴵ.] רֵיקָן adj. PBH 1 empty, bare. 2 ignorant. [Formed from רֵיק (= empty), with adj. suff. ◌ָן. cp. רֵיקָנָא.] Derivative: רֵיקָנוּת. רֵיקָנָא adj. PBH empty. [Aram., corresponding to Heb. רֵיקָן.] רֵיקָנוּת f.n. PBH 1 nothing, nothingness. NH 2 emptiness, void. [Formed from רֵיקָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רִיקְשָׁה f.n. FW ricksha. [Japanese, short for jinrikisha, jinricksha (= a two-wheeled vehicle drawn by a man; lit.: ‘manpower-vehicle’), from jin (= man), riki (= power), and sha (= vehicle).] ריר to flow like slime. רִיר m.n. slime, juice, spittle, saliva. [From ריר.] Derivatives: רִירִי, רִירָן, רִירָנִי. רִירִי adj. NH slimy, mucous. [Formed from רִיר with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivatives: רִירִיּוּת, רִירִית. רִירִיּוּת f.n. NH sliminess, mucosity. [Formed from רִירִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רִירִית f.n. NH Myxomycetes, the slime mold (botany). [Subst. use of the f. of the adj. רִירִי; properly loan translation of Myxomycetes, whose first member is Gk. myxo, from myxa (= slime). See ‘Myxomycetes’ in my CEDEL.] רִירָן adj. & n. NH mucin. [Formed from רִיר with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: רִירָנִי. רִירָנִי adj. NH mucinous. [Formed from רִירָן with suff. ◌ִי.] רישׁ to be poor, be in want. רִישׁ m.n. poverty. [From רישׁ. cp. רֵישׁ ᴵ.] רֵישׁ ᴵ, רֵאשׁ m.n. poverty. [Secondary forms of רִישׁ.] Derivative: רִישׁוּת. רֵישׁ ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH (pl. רֵישִׁין) name of the twentieth letter of the Hebrew alphabet. [Aram., lit.: ‘head’ (see רֹאשׁ and cp. רֵישׁ ᴵᴵᴵ); so called in allusion to the ancient Hebrew form of this letter.] רֵישׁ ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. PBH head; chief. [Aram. See רֹאשׁ and cp. רֵישָׁא.] רֵישָׁא f.n. PBH (also רֵישָׁה in NH) 1 first part of a Mishnah. NH 2 beginning. [Aram. רֵישָׁא (= head; beginning). See רֹאשׁ (= head).] רִישׁוּת f.n. MH poverty. [Formed from רִישׁ with suff. ◌וּת.] רִיתְמוּס m.n. FW rhythm. [L. rhythmus, from Gk. rhytmos (= measured action, time, proportion, symmetry, rhythm), which was formed from the stem of rheein, rhein (= to flow, run), with suff. – thmos, a var. of – smos (cp. ◌ִיזְם). Gk. rhein derives from IE base * sreu– (= to flow). cp. רֵימָטִיזֽם and the first element in רֵיאוֹסְטָט.] Derivative: רִיתֽמִי. רִיתְמִי adj. FW rhythmic. [Formed from רִיתְמוּס with suff. ◌ִי.] רִיתְמִיקָה f.n. FW rhythmics. [Formed from Gk. rhythmikos (= rhythmic), from rhythmos. See רִיתֽמוּס.] רַךְ adj. 1 soft, tender, gentle, delicate. 2 young. 3 weak of heart, timid. PBH 4 lenient. PBH 5 thin. [From רכך. Whence also Aram.-Syr. רַכִּיכָא (= soft, mild).] Derivatives: רַכּוּת, רַכִּית, רַכֶּכֶת. cp. רַכִּיךְ. רֹךְ m.n. NH 1 softness. 2 tenderness, delicacy (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Deut. 28:56). [From רכך.] רכב to mount (an animal or a vehicle), to
ride. רֶֽכֶב ᴵ m.n. 1 chariot, war chariot, chariots. 2 riders, troop of riders, team. NH 3 vehicle. [From רכב.] Derivative: רַכֶּבֶת. רֶֽכֶב ᴵᴵ m.n. the upper of the two millstones. [From רכב. cp. Akka. narkabu (of s.m.).] רֶֽכֶב ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. PBH branch for grafting. [From רכב.] רַכָּב m.n. 1 charioteer. 2 horseman, rider. [Nomen opificis formed from רכב (= to ride), according to the pattern פַּעָל.] Derivative: רַכָּבוּת. רִכְבָּה m.n. riding (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 27:20). [Verbal n. of רָכַב. See רכב and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְכֻבָּה f.n. NH stirrup. [From רכב. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רַכָּבוּת f.n. NH charioteering. [Formed from רַכָּב with suff. ◌וּת.] רַכֶּֽבֶל m.n. NH funicular. [Contraction of רַכֶּבֶת and כֶּבֶל.] רֵכֶּֽבֶת f.n. NH railroad train. [Coined from רֶכֶב ᴵ with suff. ◌ֶת.] רָכוּב adj. PBH riding. [Pass. part. of רָכַב. This is an exception because intransitive verbs regularly have no passive part. For similar exceptions cp. כָּטוּחַ and words there referred to.] רְכוּב m.n. chariot (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 104:3). [From רָכַב.] רִכּוּב m.n. MH 1 composition. 2 marriage laws among the Karaites. [Verbal n. of רִכֵּב, Pi. of רכב.] רְכוּבָה f.n. PBH knee. [A collateral form of אַרֽכֻּבָּה.] רִכּוּז m.n. NH 1 concentration. 2 centralization. [Verbal n. of רִכֵּז. See רכז.] Derivative: רִכּוּזִי. רִכּוּזִי adj. NH centralized, centralistic. [Formed from רִכּוּז with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רִכּוּזִיּוּת. רִכּוּזִיּוּת f.n. NH centralization. [Formed from רִכּוּזִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רִכּוּךְ ᴵ m.n. MH softening, mollifying, annealing. [Verbal n. of רִ[[illegible]] Pi. of רכך.] רִכּוּךְ ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH delicate dish. [Lit.: ‘soft food’, hence properly identical with רִכּוּךְ ᴵ.] רָכוּן adj. NH bent, bending. [Pass. part. of רָכַן. See רכן.] רִכּוּן m.n. PBH bending, stooping. [Verbal n. of רִכֵּן, Pi. of רכן.] רָכוּס adj. MH fastened, buttoned. [Pass. part. of רָכַס. See רכס.] רִכּוּס m.n. NH fastening, buttoning. [Verbal n. of רִכֵּס, Pi. of רכס.] רְכוּשׁ m.n. 1 property, goods, substance. NH 2 capital. [From רכשׁ. Akka. rukūshu (= possession of camels) is prob. a Heb. loan word.] Derivative: רֽכוּשָׁן. רְכוּשָׁן m.n. NH capitalist. [Formed from רֽכוּשׁ with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: רֽכוּשָׁנוּת, רְכוּשָׁנִי. רְכוּשָׁנוּת f.n. NH capitalism. [Formed from רֽכוּשָׁן with suff. ◌וּת.] רְכוּשָׁנִי adj. NH capitalistic. [Coined by Ithamar Ben-Avi (1882–1943) from רְכוּשָׁן (= capitalist), and suff. ◌ִי.] רַכּוּת f.n. MH 1 softness. NH 2 tenderness, delicacy. [Formed from רַךְ with suff. ◌וּת.] רכז to concentrate. רַכָּז m.n. NH organizer, coordinator. [Nomen opificis from רִכֵּז (= he concentrated), Pi. of רכז, according to the pattern פַּעָל.] רֶֽכֶז m.n. NH concentrate. [Formed from רכז. cp. תַּרְכִּיז.] רַכֶּֽזֶת f.n. NH switchboard. [From רִכֵּז, Pi. of רכז. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.] רְכִיב m.n. NH component. [From רכב.] רְכִיבָה f.n. PBH riding. [Verbal n. of רָכַב. See רכב and first suff. ◌ָה.] ◌ַרְכְיָה FW -archy, combining form meaning ‘rule’, as in מוֹנַרְכֽיָה (= monarchy). [L. – archia, from Gk. - archia (= rule), from archos (= leader, chief, ruler). See אַרְכִי and suff. ◌יָה.] רַכִּיךְ adj. PBH softish, tender. [From Aram.–Syr. רַכִּיכָא (= soft, mild). See רַךְ.] Derivatives: רַכִּיכָה, רַכִּיכוּת. רַכִּיכָה f.n. NH mollusk. [Subst. use of the f. of רַכִּיךְ.] רַכִּיכוּת f.n. MH softness, tenderness. [Formed from רַכִּיךְ with suff. ◌וּת. cp. Aram. רַכִּיכוּ.] רָכִיל m.n. 1 slander. MH 2 slanderer, talebearer. [From רכל, hence lit. meaning ‘one who goes from house to house’. For sense development cp. Eng. talebearer, lit.: ‘one who bears tales’.] Derivatives: רְכִילַאי, רֽכִילוּת. רְכִילֵאי m.n. NH talebearer. [Formed from רָכִיל with suff. ◌ַאי.] רְכִילָה f.n. NH peddling, hawking. [From רוֹכֵל (= pedlar, hawker). For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רְכִילוּת f.n. PBH slander, talebearing. [Formed from רָכִיל with suff. ◌וּת.] רָכִין adj. NH bendable, flexible. [Coined from רכן (= to bend), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in NH to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] רְכִינָה adj. NH bending. [Verbal n. of רָכַן. See רכן and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְכִיסָה f.n. NH fastening, buttoning. [Verbal n. of רָכַס. See רכס and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְכִישָׁה f.n. NH acquisition, purchase. [Verbal n. of רָכַשׁ. See רכשׁ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רַכִּית f.n. NH rachitis, rickets (disease). [Formed from רַךְ (= soft), with suff. ◌ִית.] רכך to be soft, be tender, be mild; to be
weak. רַכֶּֽכֶת f.n. NH malacia (disease). [Coined from רַךְ (= soft), according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת, serving to form names of diseases; see אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to. רַכֶּכֶת is a loan translation of Medical L. malacia, which was formed from Gk. malakia (= softness), from malakos (= soft).] רכל to go about from place to place (for
trade or gossip). רֶֽכֶל m.n. MH slander. [From רכל.] רְכֻלָּה f.n. merchandise, goods, wares. [From רכל. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רכלל intr. v. MH to slander, to gossip. [Pi‘lel of רכל.] רַכְלָן m.n. NH slanderer, talebearer. [Formed from רכל with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: רַכְלָנוּת. רַכְלָנוּת f.n. NH slander, talebearing. [Formed from רַכְלָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רכן to bend, incline, stoop, lean over. רכס ᴵ to bind, fasten; to button up. רכס ᴵᴵ to stamp, tread, trample. רֶֽכֶס m.n. mountain ridge. [From רכס ᴵ.] רֹֽכֶס m.n. a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 31:21 in the phrase רֻכְסֵי אִישׁ, which prob. means ‘plottings of man’ (lit.: ‘a band of men’). רֻכְסָן see רוֹכֽסָן. רִכְפָּה f.n. PBH a plant used for dyeing, prob. identical with the weld, or mignonette. [Of uncertain origin.] רִכְרוּךְ m.n. NH weakness, softness. [Verbal n. of רִכְרֵךְ, Pilp. of רכך.] רַכְרוּכִי adj. NH 1 softish. 2 unstable, irresolute. [Formed from רַךְ (= soft), through reduplication. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.] Derivatives: רַכְרוּכִיּוּת, רַכְרוּכִית. רַכְרוּכִיּוּת f.n. NH softishness. [Formed from רַכֽרוּכִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רַכְרוּכִית f.n. NH softishness. [Formed from רֵכְרוּכִי with suff. ◌ִית.] רכרך to soften. רַכְרַךְ adj. NH softish, delicate. [Formed from רַךְ (= soft), through reduplication.] רַכְרַכּוּת f.n. NH softishness, delicacy. [Formed from רַכְרַךְ with suff. ◌וּת.] רכשׁ to gather (property), collect, acquire. רֶֽכֶשׁ ᴵ m.n. team of horses. [Related to Aram. רִכְשָׁא, Syr. רַכְשָׁא (= horses). Usually connected with רכשׁ, but more prob. related to Akka. rakāsu (= to bind; see רכס), and lit. meaning ‘horses bound or harnessed to the same vehicle’, i.e. ‘horses forming a team’.] רֶֽכֶשׁ ᴵᴵ m.n. NH 1 acquisition. 2 acquisition of arms. [From רכשׁ.] רֶלֶוַנְטִי adj. FW relevant. [Fren. relevant (= depending upon; originally ‘helpful’), pres. part. of relever (= to raise again, to lighten, relieve, help), from re– (see רֶ◌) and leve (= to raise, lift).] Derivative: רֶלֶוַנְטִיּוּת. רֶלֶוַנְטִיּוּת f.n. FW relevance, relevancy. [Formed from רֶלֶוַנְטִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רֶלַ״ח m.n. NH E.C.G. (electrocardiogram). [Formed from the initials of the words רִשְׁמַת לֵב חַשְׁמַלִּית.] רֶלָטִיבִי adj. FW relative. [Formed with suff. ◌ִי from L. relātīvus (= having relation to), from relātus, used as p. part. of referre (= to bring back, return, report), from re- (= back, again), and lātus (= borne), which stands for * tlātos, from * tl-, from IE base * tel-, *tol- (= to bear, carry). See ‘tolerate’ in my CEDEL and cp. words there referred to. cp. also קוֹרֶלַצְיָה. For the ending of L. relātīvus see suff. ‘-ive’ in my CEDEL.] Derivative: רֶלָטִיבִיּוּת. רֶלָטִיבִיּוּת f.n. FW relativity. [Formed from רֶלָטִיבִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רֶלָטִיבִיזְם m.n. FW relativism. [Formed from L. relātivus (see רֶלָטִיבִי) with suff. ◌ִיזְם.] רֶלִיגְיָה f.n. FW religion. [L. religiō (= reverence for the gods, piety, religion). According to Cicero religiō derives from relegere (= to go again in reading or in thought), from re– (= back, again), and legere (= to read); see לִגְיוֹן. Accordingly religiō properly means ‘that which one goes over again in thought’. There is less probability in the etymology, also suggested already by the ancients, according to which religiō would mean ‘that which binds’, from religāre (= to bind up, bind together); see לִיגָה.] רֶלִיגְיוֹזִי adj. FW religious. [L. religiōsus (= pious, devout, religious), from religiō. See רֶלִיגְיָה. For the ending of L. religiōsus, see suff. ‘–ous’ in my CEDEL.] Derivative: רֶלִיגִיוֹזִיּוּת. רֶלִיגְיוֹזִיּוּת f.n. FW religiosity. [Formed from רֶלִיגֽיוֹזִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רֶלְיֶף m.n. FW relief. [Fren. relief, from It. rilievo (= lit.: ‘raised work’), from rilevāre (= to raise), from L. relevāre (= to raise, lift; to lighten, relieve, help), from re– (= back, again), and levāre (= to make light, lift up), from levis (= light in weight), from IE base * le(n)gh– (= light, easy, agile, nimble). See ‘lever’ in my CEDEL, and cp. words there referred to.] רָם adj. 1 high, elevated. 2 exalted, supreme. PBH 3 God (lit.: ‘the Supreme’, ‘the Most High’). [Act. part. of רוּם (= to be high). See רום and cp. רָמָא. cp. also the first element in רַמֽקוֹל.] רָמָא adj. PBH high. [Aram., corresponding to Heb. רָם (q.v.).] רמא PBH 1 to cast, to throw. 2 to lay down, impose. 3 to show a contradiction between the opinions of two authorities. [Aram., corresponding to Heb. רָמָה. See רמה ᴵ.] רַמָּאוּת f.n. PBH cheating, swindling, deceit, fraud. [Formed from רִמָּה (= he deceived, cheated), Pi. of רמה ᴵᴵ, with suff. ◌וּת. cp. רַמָּיוּת.] רַמַּאי adj. & m.n. deceiver, swindler, cheater. [Formed from רִמָּה (= he deceived, cheated), Pi. of רמה ᴵᴵ, with suff. ◌ַאי.] רַמַדָן m.n. NH Ramadan (the ninth month of the Moslem year). [Arab. ramaḍān, properly ‘the hot month’, from ramiḍa (= was hot), which is related to Heb. רֶמֶץ (= hot ashes, embers).] רמה ᴵ to cast, throw; to shoot; properly ‘to
throw arrows’. רמה ᴵᴵ to deceive, beguile, deal treacherously
with. רָמָה f.n. 1 height, high place. NH 2 plateau. [Subst. use of the f. part. of רוּם (= to be high). See רום.] רִמָּה f.n. worm. [From רמם ᴵ, whence also Arab. ramma (= caries), ramma (= cadaver).] רָמוּז adj. MH hinted, suggested, implied. [Pass. part. of רָמַז, Qal of רמז.] רִמּוּז m.n. PBH hint, suggestion, implication. [Verbal n. of רִמֵּז, Pi. of רמז.] רִמּוּם m.n. NH uplift. [Back formation from רוֹמֵם, Pol. of רום.] רִמּוֹן ᴵ m.n. pomegranate. [Related to Aram. רֻמָּנָא, Syr. רוּמָנָא, Mand. רומנאי. Arab. rummān, and prob. also Ethiop. rōmān, are Aram. loan words. From Arab. rummān derives rummāna (= steelyard). The steelyard was so called in Arabic because the counterpoise used with Arabic balances usually had the shape of a pomegranate. According to my opinion the word Roman in Roman balance has nothing to do with the adjective Roman (= of Rome), but derives from Fren. romaine (= steelyard), which is borrowed from Sp. romana, ult. from Arab. rummāna (of s.m.). Folk etymology, however, later identified Fren. romaine (= steelyard), with romaine, f. of romain (= Roman), from L. Romānus. See ‘Roman balance’ in my CEDEL. cp. רִמּוֹן ᴵᴵ.] רִמּוֹן ᴵᴵ m.n. NH grenade; shell. [Special sense development of רִמּוֹן ᴵ. cp. It. granata and Fren. grenade, which mean both ‘pomegranate’ and ‘grenade’.] Derivative: רַמָּן. רָמוּס adj. PBH trodden, trampled. [Pass. part. of רָמַס, Qal of רמס.] רָמוּץ adj. PBH 1 covered with hot ashes. NH 2 ash-colored. [From רֶמֶץ.] רָמוּת f.n. a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 32:5, of uncertain meaning. It is usually rendered by ‘height’, or ‘high stature’. [Prob. formed from רום with suff. ◌וּת. cp. Aram. רָמוּת, רָמוּתָא (= height).] רמז to wink, beckon, hint, allude, make
signs. רֶֽמֶז m.n. PBH 1 hint, sign, implication, allusion. MH 2 allegorical exegesis of the Bible. [From רמז.] Derivative: רַמְזוּז. רַמְזוּז m.n. NH slight hint, slight allusion. [Dimin. formed from רֶמֶז through reduplication of the third radical.] רַמְזוֹר m.n. NH traffic light. [Compounded of רָמַז (= he made a sign; see רמז), and אוֹר (= light).] Derivative: רמזר. רִמֽזוּר m.n. NH installation of a system of traffic lights. [Verbal n. of רמזר.] רַמְזָנִי adj. NH hinting, alluding. [Verbal n. of רָמַז (see רמז) with suff. ◌ָנִי.] רמזר to install a system of traffic lights. רֹֽמַח m.n. spear, lance. [Related to JAram. and Syr. רוּמְחָא, Arab. rumḥ and Ethiop. ramḥ (of s.m.). Egypt. mrḫ, possibly also Gk. lanche, are Sem. loan words.] רַמַטְכָּ״ל m.n. NH chief of general staff (army). [Abbr. of רֹאשׁ הַמַּטֶּה הַכְּלָלִי.] רַמַּי see רַמַּאי. רְמִיָּה ᴵ f.n. MH casting, throwing. [Verbal n. of רָמָה. See רמה ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְמִיָּה ᴵᴵ f.n. MH deceit. [From רמה ᴵᴵ.] רַמָּיּוּת f.n. PBH cheating, swindling, deceit, fraud. [A secondary form of רַמָּאוּת.] רְמִיזָא m.n. PBH hint, allusion. [Aram., from רֽמַז. See רמז.] רְמִיזָה f.n. PBH hinting, allusion. [Verbal n. of רָמַז. See רמז and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְמִיסָה f.n. MH stamping, treading, trampling. [Verbal n. of רָמַס. See רמס and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְמִישָׂה f.n. MH creeping, crawling. [Verbal n. of רָמַשׂ. See רמשׂ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רַמָּךְ m.n. 1 mare. PBH 2 mule born of a mare and a he-ass (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Est. 8:10 in the phrase בְּנֵי הַרַמָּכִים, which is usually rendered by ‘sons of the royal mares’). [Together with Syr. רַמֽנָא (= herd; esp. of horses), borrowed from Persian.] רמם ᴵ to become wormy, grow rotten, decay. רמם ᴵᴵ to rise, be exalted. [See רום and רִמּוּם. cp. רוֹמֵם.] רַמָּן m.n. NH grenadier. [Nomen opificis formed from רִמּוֹן ᴵᴵ (= grenade), according to the pattern פַּעָל.] רמס to stamp, tread, trample. רֶֽמֶץ m.n. PBH hot ashes, embers. [Related to Aram. רִמְצָא (= hot ashes, embers), Arab. ramiḍa (= was hot); whence ramaḍān, name of the ninth month of the Moslem year, lit.: ‘the hot month’.] Derivative: רָמוּץ. רַמְקוֹל m.n. NH loudspeaker. [Coined by Ithamar Ben-Avi (1882–1943) from רָם (= high; loud), and קוֹל (= voice).] רמשׂ to creep, crawl, swarm. רֶֽמֶשׂ m.n. creeping things, moving things, reptiles. [From רמשׂ.] רֶֽמֶשׁ m.n. MH evening. [From Aram. רַמֽשָׁא (q.v.).] Derivative: רַמְשִׁית. רַמְשָׁא m.n. PBH evening. [Aram., also Syr., related to Arab. rawāmis (= nocturnal animals). Arab. samar (= nightly or evening chat) is an Aram. loan word.] רַמְשִׁית f.n. NH serenade. [Formed from רֶמֶשׁ with suff. ◌ִית.] רֹן m.n. ringing cry, shout of joy (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 32:7 in the phrase רֳנֵי פַלֵּט (= shout of deliverance). [From רנן. cp. the second element in דַּפְרוֹן.] רנה to rattle. [A secondary form of רנן. The verb occurs only as a hapax legomenon Job 39:23 in the form תִּרֽנֶה, ‘it rattles’.] רִנָּה f.n. 1 a ringing cry, shout of joy. 2 singing, rejoicing. 3 song of prayer. [Formed from רנן with first suff. ◌ָה.] רִנּוּן m.n. PBH 1 singing, chanting. PBH 2 rejoicing. MH 3 gossip, slander. [Verbal n. of רִנֵּן, Pi. of רנן.] רֶנְטַבִּילִי adj. FW profitable. [Fren. rentable, from renter (= to endow), from rente (= revenue), from VL rendita, L. reddita (properly ‘that which the invested money gives or brings back’). For the ending of Fren. – able see suff. ‘–able’ in my CEDEL; for the ending ◌ִי in רֶנְטַבִּילִי see suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רֶנְטַבִּילִיּוּת. רֶנְטַבִּילִיּוּת f.n. FW profitability. [Formed from רֶנֽטַבִּילִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רֶנְטְגֶּן m.n. FW Roentgen ray. [Named after its discoverer, the German physicist Wilhelm Konrad Röntgen (1845–1923).] רֶנְטָה f.n. FW rent, income. [Fren. rente (= revenue), properly p. part. used as a noun, from VL * rendita, L. reddita (= that which is rendered; that which the invested money gives back), from re–, red– (= back, again), and – dere, weakened form of dare (= to give). See מַנֽדָּט and cp. רֶנֽטַבִּילִי.] רַנִּינִית adv. NH suitable for singing, cantabile (music). [Formed from רנן with adv. suff. ◌ִית.] רנן to give a ringing cry; to shout for joy;
to murmur, complain. רֶֽנֶן m.n. MH loud song, loud praise. [From רנן.] רְנָנָה f.n. shout of joy, exultation. [Formed from רנן with first suff. ◌ָה.] רְנָנִים m.n. pl. (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 39:13 in the phrase כּֽנַף רְנָנִים, and prob. denoting ‘female ostriches’). [Derived from רנן and so called from the piercing cries of the ostriches.] רֶנֶסַנְס m.n. FW renaissance. [Fren. renaissance (= rebirth), from renaissant, pres. part. of renaître (= to be born again), from VL * renascere, corresponding to L. renascī (= to be born again), from re– (= back, again), and nascī (= to be born).] רִסּוּן m.n. NH 1 harnessing, bridling. 2 curb, restraint. [Verbal n. of רִסֵּן, Pi. of רסן.] רָסוּס adj. NH sprayed, sprinkled. [Pass. part. of רָסַס. See רסס ᴵᴵ.] רִסּוּס ᴵ m.n. PBH 1 crushed matter. MH 2 pulverization, powdering, dusting. [Verbal n. of רִסֵּס, Pi. of רסס.] רִסּוּס ᴵᴵ m.n. NH spraying, sprinkling. [Verbal n. of רִסֵּס, Pi. of רסס ᴵᴵ.] רָסוּק adj. MH 1 crushed. NH 2 pounded, mashed. [Pass. part. Qal of רסק.] רִסּוּק m.n. PBH 1 crushing, lesion. NH 2 rubbing away, pulverization, powdering. [Verbal n. of רִסֵּק, Pi. of רסק.] רֶסִיטָל m.n. NH recital. [Eng. recital, formed from recite, from Fren. réciter, from L. recitāre (= to read aloud, read in public), from re– (= back, again), and citāre (= to put into quick motion, excite, provoke, call urgently). See צִיטָט. For the ending of Eng. recital, see ‘–al’, suff. forming verbal nouns, in my CEDEL.] רְסִיס ᴵ m.n. fragment (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Amos 6:11 in the pl.). [From רסס ᴵ.] רְסִיס ᴵᴵ m.n. drop (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 5:2 in the phrase רְסִיסֵי לָיְלָה (= drops of the night). [From רסס ᴵᴵ.] רָסִיק adj. NH crushable. [Coined from רָסַק (= he crushed; see רסק), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in NH to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: רְסִיקוּת. רְסִיקוּת f.n. NH crushability. [Formed from רָסִיק with suff. ◌וּת.] רֶֽסֶן m.n. bridle. [Related to Aram. רִסְנָא (= bridle). Arab. rasan (of s.m.) is prob. an Aram. loan word. cp. Akka. risnēti (= bridles), which is prob. a West Sem. loan word.] Derivative: רסן. רסן to bridle, curb; to restrain. רַסָ״ן m.n. major (army). [Abbr. of רַב־ סֶרֶן.] רסס ᴵ to break into small pieces, crush. רסס ᴵᴵ to spray, sprinkle, moisten. רֶֽסֶס m.n. NH small shot (in a cartridge, hand grenade, etc.). [From רסס ᴵ.] רַסָ״פּ m.n. NH company sergeant major (army). [Abbr. of רַב־סַמָּל פְּלֻגָּתִי.] רִסְפַּק see רִיסֽפַּק. רסק to break into pieces, crush, chop,
squash. רֶֽסֶק m.n. NH 1 breaking into pieces. 2 broken pieces. 3 mash, sauce. 4 splinter. [From רסק.] רַסָ״ר m.n. NH master sergeant, top sergeant (army). [Abbr. of רַב־סַמָּל רִאשׁוֹן.] רַע ᴵ adj. (also רָע) 1 bad, worthless. 2 evil, wicked. [From רעע ᴵ.] Derivatives: רַע ᴵᴵ, רָע. רַע ᴵᴵ m.n. (also רָע) 1 evil, wickedness. 2 harm, misfortune, calamity. [From רַע ᴵ.] רֹֽעֵ m.n. 1 badness, evil. 2 wickedness. [From רעע ᴵ.] רֵֽעַ ᴵ m.n. 1 friend, companion, associate. 2 fellowman. [Related to Akka. ru’u (= companion), ruttu (= female companion), Ugar. r‘, Bedouin rā‘ī (= companion), and to Arab. ur‘uwwa, Ethiop. ’ar‘ūt (= yoke).] Derivative: רעה ᴵᴵ. רֵֽעַ ᴵᴵ m.n. thought, purpose, aim (in the Bible occurring only Ps. 139:2 and 17). [From רעה ᴵᴵᴵ.] רֵֽעַ ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. noise, shout. [Formed from רוע (= to shout). For the form cp. רֵיחַ (= smell, odor), which is formed from רוח ᴵᴵ (= to breathe, blow), and חֵיל (= rampart, wall), which is perhaps a derivative of חול ᴵ in the sense ‘to move in a circle’.] רעב to be hungry. רָעָב m.n. 1 hunger, famine. 2 scarcity. [From רעב.] Derivative: רֵעֲבָן. cp. רַעַבְתָן. רָעֵב adj. hungry, famished. [From רעב.] רְעָבוֹן m.n. 1 hunger, famine. 2 scarcity. [From רעב.] רַעֲבָן adj. MH voracious. [A collateral form of רַעַבֽתָן.] Derivative: רַעֲבָנוּת. רַעֲבָנוּת f.n. MH 1 voracity. 2 greed. [Formed from רַעֲבָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רַעַבְתָן adj. PBH 1 voracious. 2 greedy. [Aram. See רָעָב and suff. ◌תָן.] Derivatives: רַעַבְתָנוּת, רַעַבֽתָנִי. רַעַבְתָנוּת f.n. MH 1 voracity. 2 greediness. [From Aram. רַעֵבְתָנוּתָא. See רַעַבְתָן and suff. ◌וּת.] רַעַבְתָנִי adj. NH 1 voracious. 2 greedy. [Formed from רַעַבְתָן with suff. ◌ִי.] רעד to tremble, quake. רַֽעַד m.n. trembling, quaking (in the Bible occurring only Ex. 15:15 and Ps. 55:6). [From רעד.] רעדד to tremble. רְעָדָה ᴵ f.n. trembling, quaking. [Formed from רעד with first suff. ◌ָה. cp. Arab. ra‘da, ri‘da (= tremor, shudder, shiver). cp. also רְעָדָה ᴵᴵ.] רְעָדָה ᴵᴵ f.n. a shaky plank. [Prob. from רְעָדָה ᴵ.] רַעֲדוּד m.n. NH 1 a slight tremor. 2 tremolo (music). [Verbal n. of רִעְדֵּד; see רעדד.] רעה ᴵ to pasture, tend, graze. רעה ᴵᴵ to associate with, keep company with. רעה ᴵᴵᴵ to think, have the intention, strive. [Base of רֵעַ ᴵᴵ, רֽעוּת ᴵᴵ, רַעְיוֹן.] רעה ᴵⱽ to
break. רָעָה f.n. 1 evil, wickedness. 2 distress, misery. 3 injury, harm, wrong. [Formed from רעע ᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] רֵעֶה m.n. friend, companion. [From רעה ᴵᴵ. According to some scholars the noun רֵעֶה represents the orig. form qital; according to others the orig. form is qittal. cp. רֵעָה. cp. also רֵעַ.] רֵעָה f.n. female friend, companion, fellow woman. [f. of רֵעֶה. cp. רֽעוּת.] רַעֲוָא m.n. PBH will, pleasure. [Aram., from רְעִי (= he was willing, wished), which corresponds to Heb. רָצָה. See רצה ᴵ and cp. רַעֲוָה.] רָעוּד adj. NH trembling, shaking, quivering. [Pass. part. of רָעַד. This is an exception because intransitive verbs regularly have no passive part. For similar exceptions cp. בָּטוּחַ and words there referred to.] רַעֲוָה f.n. MH will, pleasure. [Hebraization of Aram. רַעֲוָא (q.v.).] רָעוּל adj. PBH veiled. [Back formation from רְעָלָה (= veil).] רָעֽוּעַ adj. PBH 1 shattered, broken. NH 2 weak, in bad condition. [Pass. part. of רעע ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: רְעִיעוּת. רִעֽוּעַ m.n. MH shattering, breaking. [Verbal n. of רִעַע, Pi. of רעע ᴵᴵ.] רָעוּף adj. NH covered with tiles, tiled. [From רַעַף ᴵ.] רִעוּף m.n. NH covering with tiles, tiling. [From רַעַף ᴵ.] רֵעוּת f.n. PBH friendship. [Formed from רֵעַ ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] רְעוּת ᴵ f.n. female friend, companion; fellow woman. [Formed from רעה ᴵᴵ. cp. the proper name רוּת (= Ruth), which is prob. a contraction of רֽעוּת.] רְעוּת ᴵᴵ f.n. longing, striving (occurring only in Eccles.). [Prob. related to BAram. רְעוּ, JAram. רְעוּ, רְעוּתָא, Syr. ארעותא (= will, desire), and to Aram. רַעְיָנָא, Syr. רֶעֽיָנָא (= thought). All these words prob. derive from רעה ᴵᴵᴵ. cp. רַעֽיוֹן.] רֵעוּתָא f.n. PBH unfavorable condition, cause for suspicion; doubt; negative. [Aram., from ריע, a collateral form of base רעע (= to be shaken, be shattered). See רעע ᴵ.] רְעִי ᴵ m.n. pasture. [From רעה ᴵ. cp. רֽעִי ᴵᴵ.] רְעִי ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH excrement, dung. [Of uncertain origin; possibly meaning lit.: ‘that which has been digested by a feeding animal’, and properly identical with רְעִי ᴵ.] רָעֲיָא m.n. PBH shepherd. [Aram., corresponding to Heb. הָרוֹעֶה (= the shepherd). See רוֹעֶה.] רְעִיבָה f.n. MH being hungry, suffering from hunger. [Verbal n. of רָעַב. See רעב and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְעִידָה f.n. MH trembling, shaking, quaking. [Verbal n. of רָעַד; see רעד and first suff. ◌ָה. The noun רְעִידָה was coined by Rashi (1040–1105).] רַעְיָה f.n. 1 female friend, beloved. NH 2 married woman, wife, spouse. [From רעה ᴵᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רְעִיָּה f.n. PBH 1 grazing, pasturing. NH 2 tending (a flock). [Verbal n. of רָעָה. See רעה ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רַעְיוֹן m.n. (pl. רַעְיוֹנוֹת, also רַעְיוֹנִים) 1 thought, intention. MH 2 idea. [Related to Aram. רַעְיָנָא, Syr. רֶעְיָנָא (= thought). These words derive from רעה ᴵᴵᴵ. For the ending of רַעְיוֹן, see ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] Derivative: רַעְיוֹנִי. רַעְיוֹנִי adj. MH pertaining to ideas, speculative. [Formed from רַעְיוֹן with suff. ◌ִי.] רָעִיל adj. NH poisonable, poisonous. [Coined from רַעַל (= poison), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in NH to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: רְעִילוּת. רְעִילוּת f.n. NH poisonability, poisonousness. [Formed from רָעִיל with suff. ◌וּת.] רְעִימָה f.n. NH 1 thundering. 2 explosion. [Verbal n. of רָעַם. See רעם and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְעִיעוּת f.n. NH 1 being shattered, brokenness. 2 bad condition. [Formed from רָעוּעַ with suff. ◌וּת.] רְעִיפָה f.n. MH dripping. [Verbal n. of רָעַף. See רעף ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רָעִישׁ adj. NH 1 making noise. 2 seismic. [From רָעַשׁ. See רעשׁ.] רְעִישָׁה f.n. MH making noise. [Verbal n. of רָעַשׁ. See רעשׁ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְעִישׁוּת f.n. MH 1 noise. NH 2 seismicity. [Formed from רעשׁ with suff. ◌וּת.] רעל to quiver, shake, reel, stagger, dangle. רַֽעַל m.n. 1 reeling, staggering (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Zech. 12:2). MH 2 poison. [From רעל. cp. Syr. רֶעֽלָא and רְעָלָא (= quaking, earthquake; trembling, terror).] Derivatives: רַעֲלִי, רַעֲלָן, רַעֶלֶת. רְעָלָה f.n. veil (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 3:19). [Formed from רעל with suff. ◌ָה.] רַעֲלִי adj. NH poisonous, toxic. [Formed from רַעַל with suff. ◌ִי.] רַעֲלָן m.n. NH toxin. [Formed from רַעַל with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: רַעֲלָנִי. רַעֲלָנִי adj. NH toxic. [Formed from רַעֲלָן with suff. ◌ִי.] רַעֶֽלֶת f.n. NH toxicosis (disease). [Coined from רַעַל (= poison), according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת, serving to form names of diseases; see אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.] רעם to move violently; to thunder; to roar,
rage. רַֽעַם m.n. 1 thunder. NH 2 thunderous noise. [From רעם, whence also Aram. רַעַם, רְעִים, Syr. רְעֵם, רַעְמָא, Ethiop. ra‘ām, Akka. rīmu (= thunder).] רַעְמָה f.n. mane of an animal (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 39:19). [Of uncertain etymology.] רען to grow fresh or green. רִעֲנוּן m.n. NH freshening, refreshing. [Verbal n. of רִעֲנַן. See רענן.] רַעֲנָן adj. green, fresh, luxuriant. [From רען. cp. שַׁאֲנָן.] רענן to freshen, refresh. רַעֲנַנּוּת f.n. NH freshness. [Formed from רַעֲנָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רעע ᴵ to be evil, be bad. רעע ᴵᴵ to break into pieces, crush, shatter. רעע ᴵᴵᴵ to make friends with,
associate with. רעף ᴵ to drop, drip, trickle. רעף ᴵᴵ to cover with tiles, to tile. רַֽעַף ᴵ m.n. PBH tile. [An Aram. loan word from base רעף, corresponding to Heb. רָצַף (= he fit together, inlaid). Whence also Syr. רַעְפָא (= flat cake baked in the ashes of a fire), Arab. raghīf (= flat loaf of bread), and Aram. רִיפְתָּא (= flat cake). See רֶצֶף ᴵ and cp. רִפְתָּה.] Derivatives: רעף ᴵᴵ, רַעֲפָן. רַֽעַף ᴵᴵ m.n. MH dropping, dripping, trickling. [From רעף ᴵ.] רַעֲפָן m.n. NH tiler, slater. [Formed from רַעַף ᴵ with agential suff. ◌ָן.] רעץ to crush, shatter. רַֽעַץ ᴵ m.n. PBH ‘ra’atz’ — another version of דַּעַץ (one of the names of the ancient Heb. script). רַֽעַץ ᴵᴵ m.n. MH breaking; breach. [From רעץ.] רִעְרֽוּעֵ m.n. MH shaking, undermining. [Verbal n. of רערע (q.v.).] רערע to shake, to undermine. רעשׁ to quake, shake; to storm, rage. רַֽעַשׁ m.n. 1 quaking, shaking, trembling. 2 noise, tumult, uproar. 3 earthquake. MH 4 commotion. [From רעשׁ.] Derivative: רַעֲשִׁי. רַעֲשִׁי adj. NH seismic. [Formed from רַעַשׁ with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רַעֲשִׁיּוּת. רַעֲשִׁיּוּת f.n. NH seismicity. [Formed from רַעֲשִׁי with suff. ◌וּת.] רַעֲשָׁן m.n. NH 1 noisy person. 2 noise-maker, rattle, clapper. [Coined by Ithamar Ben-Avi (1882–1943) from רָעַשׁ (= quaked, shook; see רעש), and suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: רַעֲשָׁנוּת, רַעֲשָׁנִי. רַעֲשָׁנוּת f.n. NH noisiness, clamor, fuss. [Formed from רַעֲשָׁן with suff. ◌וּת.] רַעֲשָׁנִי adj. NH 1 noisy. 2 sensational. [Formed from רַעֲשָׁן with suff. ◌ִי.] רַף m.n. PBH shelf. [Related to Arab. raff (= shelf).] רפא ᴵ to heal, cure. רפא ᴵᴵ to weaken. רִפְאוּת f.n. healing, cure. [Formed from רָפָא (see רפא ᴵ) with suff. ◌וּת.] רְפָאִים ᴵ m.n. pl. shades, ghosts; the dead, the spirits of the dead. [Related to Phoen. רפאם, Ugar. rpm (of s.m.). These words prob. derive from base רפא ᴵᴵ (= רפה ᴵ). רְפָאִים in this sense is prob. the pl. of רָפֶה (= weak). For the form cp. נָכֶה (= smitten, lame) in the pl. נְכָאִים. cp. תּֽרָפִים.] רְפָאִים ᴵᴵ m.n. pl. ‘Rephaim’ — name of extinct race of giants, pre-Israelite dwellers of the Land of Canaan. [Of uncertain etymology; possibly orig. identical with רְפָאּים ᴵ, which was regarded later as denoting extinct giant peoples.] רפד to spread, stretch out. רַפָּד m.n. NH upholsterer. [Nomen opificis formed from רִפֵּד, Pi. of רפד, according to the pattern פַּעָל.] Derivative: רַפָּדוּת. רֶֽפֶד m.n. MH 1 spread. NH 2 upholstering. NH 3 lining. [From רפד.] רַפָּדוּת f.n. NH upholstery. [Formed from רַפָּד with suff. ◌וּת.] רפה ᴵ to be weak, be feeble; to sink, decline;
to relax. רפה ᴵᴵ to heal, cure. רָפֶה adj. & n. 1 slack, weak, feeble. MH 2 (grammar) aspirate (i.e. having no ‘daghesh’ lene in one of the letters ד, ג, ב, ת, פ, כ). MH 3 (grammar) a horizontal line over one of the letters ת, פ, כ, ד, ג, ב, to show that they have no ‘daghesh’ (e.g. דֿ, גֿ, בֿ). [From רפה ᴵ.] Derivative: רָפוּת. רְפוּאָה f.n. 1 healing, curing. 2 remedy, medicine. [From רפא ᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] Derivative: רֽפוּאִי. רְפוּאִי adj. MH medical, medicinal. [Formed from רְפוּאָה with suff. ◌ִי.] רֶפּוּבְּלִיקָה f.n. FW republic. [Fren. république, from L. rēs publica, rēspublica (= state, commonwealth), from rēs (= thing), and f. of publicus (= public). See רֶבּוּס and פּוּבְּלִיצִיסְט.] רֶפּוּבְּלִיקָנִי adj. FW republican. [See רֶפּוּבְּלִיקָה. For the ending ◌ָנִי see suff. ‘–an’ in my CEDEL and suff. ◌ִי in this dictionary.] רָפוּד adj. MH 1 spread. NH 2 upholstered. [Pass. part. of רָפַד. See רפד.] רִפּוּד m.n. MH 1 spreading. NH 2 upholstering. [Verbal n. of רִפֵּד, Pi. of רפד.] רָפוּט adj. NH tattered. [Pass. part. of רָפַט. See רפט.] רִפּוּט m.n. NH tattering. [Verbal n. of רִפֵּט, Pi. of רפט.] רֶפּוּטַצְיָה f.n. FW reputation. [L. reputātiō (= a reckoning), from reputātus, p. part. of reputāre (= to count over, reckon; to think over), from re– (= back, again), and putāre (= to trim, prune, lop, clean; to think over, consider, reckon, count). See קוֹנֽטוֹ and cp. אֵמְפּוּטַצֽיָה.] רָפוּי ᴵ adj. PBH 1 loose, weak. MH 2 unstable. MH 3 having no ‘daghesh’ (grammar). [Pass. part. of רָפָה (see רפה ᴵ).] רָפוּי ᴵᴵ adj. MH healed, cured. [Pass. part. of רָפָה. See רפה ᴵᴵ.] רִפּוּי ᴵ m.n. PBH 1 loosening. 2 slackening, weakening. [Verbal n. of רִפָּה, Pi. of רפה ᴵ.] רִפּוּי ᴵᴵ 1 healing, curing. 2 reimbursement of medical expenses for the cost of the cure. [Verbal n. of רִפָּה, Pi. of רפה ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: רִפּוּיִי. רִפּוּיִי adj. NH therapeutic(al). [Formed from רִפּוּי ᴵᴵ with suff. ◌ִי.] רָפוּף adj. MH weak, feeble, loose, unstable. [Pass. part. of רָפַף (see רפף), an intr. v. which regularly has no pass. part. in the Qal. See בָּטוּחַ and cp. words there referred to.] רִפּוּף m.n. NH loosening. [Verbal n. of רִפֵּף, Pi. of רפף.] רַפּוֹרְט m.n. FW rapport. [Fren. rapport, back formation from rapporter (= to bring back, refer to), from re- (= back, again), and apporter (= to bring), from L. apportāre (= to bring, carry to), from ad- (= to, toward), and portāre (= to carry). See אַד◌ and אִימְפּוֹרְט and cp. רֶפּוֹרְפֶר.] רֶפּוֹרְטָזָ׳ה f.n. FW reportage. [Fren. reportage, from reporter (= reporter). See רֶפּוֹרְטֶר. For the ending ‘–age’ see suff. ‘-age’ in my CEDEL.] רֶפּוֹרְטֶר m.n. FW reporter. [Eng. reporter, from Fren. rapporter (= to bring back), which was formed from re– (= back, again), and porter (= to carry). See אּימְפּוֹרֽט and cp. רַפּוֹרְט.] רֶפוֹרְמָה f.n. FW reform. [Eng. reform (n.), from reform (v.), from Fren. réformer, from L. reformāre (= to form again, change, alter, reform), from re– (= back, again), and formāre (= to form, shape). See פוֹרְמָה. cp. Fren. réforme (= reform), back formation from réformer.] Derivatives: רֶפוֹרְמִי, רֶפוֹרְמִיזְם. רֶפוֹרְמָטוֹר m.n. FW reform. [L. reformātor (= transformer), from reformāre. See רֽפוֹרְמָה. For the ending of reformātor see suff. ‘–tor’ in my CEDEL.] רֶפוֹרְמִי adj. & n. FW reformist. [Formed from רֶפוֹרְמָה with suff. ◌ִי.] רֶפוֹרְמִיזְם m.n. FW reformism. [Formed from רֶפוֹרְמָה with suff. ◌ִיזְם.] רֶפוֹרְמַצְיָה f.n. FW Reformation. [L. reformātiō (= a transformation), from reformātus, p. part. of reformāre. See רֶפוֹרְמָה and suff. ◌ַצְיָה.] רָפוּשׁ adj. MH muddy. [From רֶפֶשׁ.] רָפוּת f.n. MH having no ‘daghesh’ (grammar). [Formed from רָפֶה with suff. ◌וּת.] רפט to tatter, tear, wear out. רָפִיא adj. NH healable, curable. [Coined from רָפָא (= he healed, cured; see רפא ᴵ), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in NH to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: רְפִיאוּת. רָפְיָא adj. PBH weak, feeble. [From רְפָא (= was slack, was weak). See רפה ᴵ.] רְפִיאוּת f.n. NH healability, curability. [Formed from רָפִיא with suff. ◌וּת.] רְפִיד m.n. NH padding, lining. [From רפד.] רְפִידָה f.n. 1 support (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 3:10). NH 2 upholstering. [Verbal n. of רָפַד. See רפד and first suff. ◌ָה.] רַפְיָה f.n. FW Raphia (a genus of plants). [Modern L. Raphia, from Malagasy rafia. cp. ‘raffia’ in my CEDEL.] רְפִיָּה f.n. MH 1 lack of a ‘daghesh’ (grammar). NH 2 relaxation. [Verbal n. of רָפָה. See רפה and first suff. ◌ָה.] רִפְיוֹן m.n. 1 weakness, feebleness. PBH 2 looseness, instability. [Formed from רפה ᴵ with ◌וֹן, suff. forming verbal nouns.] רְפִיסוּת f.n. NH 1 softness. 2 flimsiness. [Formed from רָפַס (see רפס ᴵᴵ) with suff. ◌וּת.] רָפִיף adj. NH weak, feeble, loose, unstable. [From רפף.] Derivative: רֽפִיפוּת. רְפִיפוּת f.n. NH weakness, feebleness, looseness, instability. [Formed from רָפִיף with suff. ◌וּת.] רֶפְּלִיקָה f.n. FW replica. [It. replica, from replicare (= to duplicate), from Late L. replicāre (= to repeat, reply), from L. replicāre (= to fold back, fold over), from re– (= back, again), and plicāre (= to fold, bend), from earlier * plecāre, which is related to plectere (= to plait, braid, intertwine). See קוֹמְפְּלֶקְס.] רֶפְלֶקְטוֹר m.n. FW reflector. [Eng. reflector, from L. reflectere (= to bend or turn back), from re– (= back, again), and flectere (= to bend, turn), which is perhaps a popular collateral form of plectere (= to plait, braid, intertwine), for whose etymology see קוֹמֽפְּלֶקְס and cp. רֶפְלֶקְטוֹר, רֶפְלֶקְס, רֶפְלֶקְסִיבִי and רֶפְלֶקְסְיָה.] רֶפְלֶקְס m.n. FW reflex. [Eng. reflex, from L. reflexus (= a bending back), from reflexus, p. part. of reflectere. See רֶפְלֶקְטוֹר.] רֶפְלֶקְסִיבִי adj. FW reflexive. [Eng. reflexive, from L. reflexus, p. part. of reflectere. See רֶפְלֶקְטוֹר. For the Eng. ending ‘– ive’ see suff. ‘–ive’ in my CEDEL; for the ending ◌ִי in רֶפְלֶקְסִיבִי see suff. ◌ִי in my CEDEL.] רֶפְלֶקְסְיָה f.n. FW reflection, reflexion. [Late L. reflexiō (= a bending back, reflection), from L. reflexus, p. part. of reflectere. See רֶפְלֶקְטוֹר and suff. ◌יָה.] רפס ᴵ to stamp, tread, trample. רפס ᴵᴵ to be soft, be weak, be frail. רפסד to ferry, to cross by ferry. רַפְסְדָן m.n. NH raftsman, ferryman. [Formed from רפסד with agential suff. ◌ָן.] רַפְסְֹדֶת f.n. MH raft, ferry. [A secondary form of רַפְסוֹדָה.] רַפְסוֹדַאי m.n. NH raftsman, ferryman. [Formed from רַפְסוֹדָה with suff. ◌ַאי.] רַפְסוֹדָה f.n. raft, ferry. [Of uncertain etymology. cp. רַפְסֹדֶת.] Derivative: רפסד. רַפְסוֹדְיָה f.n. FW rhapsody. [Gk. rhapsodia (= epic poem, recitation of epic poetry), from rhapsodos (= rhapsodist), which is compounded of rhaptein (= to sew, weave; to compose songs), and ode (= song). See אוֹדָה.] רפף to move gently; to waver, vacillate; to
loosen, weaken. רַפָּף m.n. NH laxative. [From רפף.] רְפָפָה f.n. PBH 1 latticework. NH 2 window blind, shutter. [Prob. related to Arab. rafīf (= roof).] רפק to support, lean. רַפָּ״ק m.n. NH superintendent (of police). [Abbr. of רַב־פַּקָּד.] רֶפְּרוֹדוּקְצְיָה f.n. FW reproduction. [Fren. réproduction or Eng. reproduction, formed from L. re- (= back, again), and Fren. or Eng. production, from L. prōductiō (= a lengthening; in Late L.: ‘a leading forth, a bringing forward’), from prōducere. See פְּרוֹדוּקְטִיבִי and suff. ◌יָה.] רִפְרוּף m.n. MH 1 fluttering, flutter. NH 2 superficiality. [Verbal n. of רִפְרֵף; see רפרף.] Derivatives: רִפְרוּפִי, רִפְרוּפִית. רִפְרוּפִי adj. MH superficial. [Formed from רִפְרוּף with suff. ◌ִי.] רִפְרוּפִית f.n. NH superficiality. [Formed from רִפְרוּף with suff. ◌ִית.] רֶפְּרֶזֶנְטָטִיבִי adj. FW representative (adj.). [Formed with suff. ◌ִי from Med. L. repraesentātīvus, from L. repraesentāre. See רֶפְּרֶזֶנְטַצְיָה.] רֶפְּרֶזֶנְטַנְט m.n. FW representative. [Fren. représentant, from L. repraesentāus, pres. part. of repraesentāre. See רֶפְּרֶזֶנְטַצְיָה. For the ending see suff. ‘-ant’ in my CEDEL.] רֶפְּרֶזֶנְטַצְיָה f.n. FW representation. [L. repraesentātiō, from repraesentātus, p. part. of repraesentāns, from re- (= back, again), and praesentāre (= to present; lit.: ‘to place before’), from praesēns (= present), pres. part. of praeesse (= to be before), from prae (= before; see פְּרֵי◌), and esse (= to be), from IE * es– (= to be). cp. ‘esse’ in my CEDEL.] רֶפֶּרְטוּאָר m.n. FW repertory. [Fren. répertoire, from Late L. repertōrium (= list, catalogue), from L. repertus, p. part. of reperīre (= to find again, find out, procure), from re– (= back, again), and parīre, archaic form of parěre (= to bring forth, produce), whence parēns (= parent), from IE base * per– (= to bring forward, bring forth), whence also parāre (= to prepare). See אִימְפֶּרָטוֹר.] רֶפְרֵין m.n. FW refrain. [Fren. refrain, from Old Fren. refrait, properly p. part. of refraindre (= to break), used as a noun, from VL * refrangere (= refashioned), from L. refringere (= to break up), after L. frangere (= to break), which derives from IE base * bhreg– (= to break). Accordingly refrain properly means ‘that which breaks up the sequel of the song’.] רֶפֶרֶנְדּוּם m.n. FW referendum. [L. referendum, neuter of referendus (= that which is to be carried back), gerundive of referre (= to carry back, relate, refer), from re– (= back, again), and ferre (= to bear, carry). See טֽרַנֽסֽפֶר.] רֶפְּרֶסְיָה f.n. FW repression. [Late L. repressiō, from L. repressus, p. part. of reprimere (= to press back), from re- (= back, again), and premere (= to press), which is related to prēlum (= press, wine press).] רפרף to flutter, to move. רַפְרַף m.n. NH hawkmoth. [Formed from רִפֽרֵף in allusion to the swift fluttering of its wings.] רַפְרְפָנִי adj. NH 1 fluttering, swinging. 2 superficial. [Formed from רפרף with suff. ◌ָנִי.] רַפְרֶֽפֶת f.n. NH pudding. [Formed from רפרף with suff. ◌ֶת; so called in allusion to its lightness and looseness and also because of its similarity in sound to פַּרְפֶּרֶת (= savory dish, dessert).] רֶפְרַקְצְיָה f.n. FW refraction. [Late L. refrāctiō, from L. refrāctus, p. part. of refringere (= to break up), from re– (= back, again), and frangere (= to break). See פֽרַקְצְיָה.] רפשׂ to stamp, tread, trample. רפשׁ ᴵ to stamp, tread, trample. רפשׁ ᴵᴵ to make muddy, make turbid,
befoul. רֶֽפֶשׁ m.n. mud, mire (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 57:20). [Related to Arab. rafatha (= he talked or acted obscenely), Akka. rupushtu (= scum), Syr. רֶפְתֵּא (pl.) (= refuse).] Derivatives: רפשׁ ᴵᴵ, רָפוּשׁ, רִפְשׁוֹן. רִפְשׁוֹן m.n. MH mud, mire. [Formed from רֶפֶשׁ with suff. ◌וֹן.] רֶֽפֶת f.n. (pl. רְפָתִים, also רֽפָתוֹת) 1 stable, stall. NH 2 dairy farming. [Of uncertain etymology; prob. related to Arab. raff (= enclosure for sheep and goats).] Derivative: רַפֽתָּן. רִפְתָּה f.n. NH beeswax. [Aram. רִפֽתָּא (= flat cake, bread), a contraction of רְעִיפְתָּא, which is related to Syr. רַעֽפָא (= flat cake baked in the ashes of a fire), whence Arab. raghīf (= flat loaf of bread). See רצף ᴵ and cp. רַעַף ᴵ.] רַפְתָּן m.n. NH dairy farmer, cowman. [Formed from רֶפֶת with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: רַפְתָּנוּת. רַפְתָּנוּת f.n. NH dairying. [Formed from רַפְתָּן with suff. ◌וּת.] רָץ m.n. 1 runner, courier. NH 2 sprinter (sport). NH 3 bishop (in chess). [Act. part. of רוּץ. See רוץ.] רַץ m.n. strip, bar (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 68:31 in the phrase רַצֵּי כֶסֶף and usually rendered by ‘piece, bar’). [Of uncertain origin; possibly a derivative of base רצץ.] רצא to run. [A secondary form of רוּץ, occurring only in the phrase רָצוֹא רָשׁוֹב (= running back and forth).] רצד a base of uncertain origin. רצה ᴵ to be pleased with, to be favorable to. רצה ᴵᴵ to count, enumerate, pay off. רִצּוּד m.n. MH leaping, jumping, skipping. [Verbal n. of רִצֵּד. See רצד.] רָצוּי adj. 1 pleasing, acceptable. PBH 2 desirable. [Pass. part. of רָצָה. See רצה ᴵ.] Derivative: רֽצִיּוּת. רִצּוּי ᴵ m.n. PBH appeasing. [Verbal n. of רִצָּה, Pi. of רצה ᴵ.] רִצּוּי ᴵᴵ m.n. MH used in the phrase רִצּוּי־ מָעוֹת, ‘paying of money’. [Verbal n. of רִצָּה, Pi. of רצה ᴵᴵ.] רָצוּם adj. pressed, crushed. [Pass. part. of רָצַם. See רצם.] רָצוֹן m.n. (pl. רְצוֹנוֹת) 1 goodwill, favor. 2 acceptance. 3 will, desire, wish. [From רצה ᴵ.] Derivative: רְצוֹנִי. רְצוֹנִי adj. MH voluntary. [Formed from רָצוֹן with suff. ◌ִי.] רָצֽוּעַ adj. one whose ear has been pierced; a subservient bondsman. [Pass. part. of רָצַע. See רצע.] רְצוּעָה f.n. thong, strap. [From רָצַע. See רצע and first suff. ◌ָה.] רָצוּף adj. 1 inlaid. PBH 2 continuous, consecutive. NH 3 attached, enclosed. MH 4 paved. [Pass. part. of רָצַף. See רצף ᴵ.] Derivatives: רָצִיף ᴵᴵ, רְצִיפוּת. רִצּוּף m.n. NH paving. [Verbal n. of רִצֵּף, Pi. of רצף ᴵ.] רָצוּץ adj. 1 broken, crushed, shattered. 2 dejected, depressed. [Pass. part. of רָצַף. See רצץ.] Derivative: רֽצִיצוּת. רִצּוּץ m.n. MH breaking, crushing. [Verbal n. of רִצֵּץ, Pi. of רצץ.] רצח to murder, slay. רֶֽצַח m.n. MH 1 murder, slaughter. 2 in the Bible used only figuratively in the sense of ‘shattering’ (Ps. 42:11). רַצְחָן m.n. PBH murderer. [Formed from רָצַח (see רצח) with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: רַצְחָנוּת, רַצְחָנִי. רַצְחָנוּת f.n. PBH murderousness. [Formed from רַצְחָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רַצְחָנִי adj. NH murderous. [Formed from רַצְחָן with suff. ◌ִי.] רְצִידָה f.n. NH leaping, jumping, skipping. [Verbal n. of רָצַד; see רצד and suff. ◌ָה.] רֶצִידִיבִי adj. FW recidivous. [Formed with suff. ◌ִי from L. recidīvus (= falling back, relapsing), from recidere (= to fall back), from re– (= back, again), and cadere (= to fall). See קַדֶנֽצָה. For the ending of L. recidīvus see suff. ‘–ive’ in my CEDEL.] רְצִיָּה f.n. MH MH 1 acceptance, agreement. NH 2 willing(ness), volition. [Verbal n. of רָצָה. See רצה ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה. cp. רִצְיוֹן.] רִצֽיוֹן m.n. MH willingness, volition. [Formed from רָצָה (see רצה ᴵ) with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns. cp. רֽצִיָּה.] רְצִיּוּת f.n. NH desirability, being desirable, being acceptable. [Formed from רָצוּי with suff. ◌וּת.] רַצְיוֹנָלִי adj. FW rational. [L. ratiōnālis (= pertaining to reason), from ratiō (= reckoning, calculation, matter, affair, relation, reason), from ratus, p. part. of reor, rērī (= to reckon, believe, think, judge). See רָטִיפִיקַצְיָה. For the ending of L. ratiōnālis see adj. suff. ‘-al’ in my CEDEL; for the ending of רַצְיוֹנָלִי see suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רַצְיוֹנָלִיּוּת. רַצְיוֹנָלִיּוּת f.n. FW rationalism. [Formed from רַצְיוֹנָלִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רַצְיוֹנָלִיזְם m.n. FW rationalism. [Formed from L. ratiōnālis (see רַצְיוֹנָלִי) with suff. ◌ִיזְם.] רַצְיוֹנָלִיסְט m.n. FW rationalist. [Formed from L. ratiōnālis (see רַצְיוֹנָלִי) with suff. ◌ִיסֽט.] רְצִיחָה f.n. PBH 1 capital punishment, execution. 2 murder, assassination. [Verbal n. of רָצַח. See רצח and first suff. ◌ָה.] רֶצִ׳יטָטִיב m.n. FW recitative. [It. recitativo, from recitato, p. part. of recitare, from L. recitāre (= to read aloud, read in public), from re– (= back, again), and citāre; see צִיטָט. It. suff. – ivo derives from L. – īvus; see suff. ‘–ive’ in my CEDEL.] רְצִימָה f.n. NH pressing, crushing, flattening. [Verbal n. of רָצַם. See רצם and first suff. ◌ָה.] רָצִין, רְצִינִי adj. NH (now רֽצִינִי is preferably used) serious. [Coined by Eliezer ben Yehudah (1858–1922) from רָצוֹן (= will), after Arab. razin (= grave, serious). For the ending of רֽצִינִי see suff. ◌ִי.] רְצִינוּת f.n. seriousness. [Coined by Eliezer ben Yehudah (1858–1922) from רָצִין and suff. ◌וּת.] רְצִינִי see רָצִין. רְצִיעָה f.n. PBH boring (of the ear with an awl, after Lev. 21:6). [Verbal n. of רָצַע. See רצע and first suff. ◌ָה.] רָצִיף ᴵ m.n. NH platform, pavement. [From רָצַף. See רצף ᴵ.] רָצִיף ᴵᴵ adj. NH successive, continuous. [From רָצוּף (= continuous, consecutive.] רְצִיפוּת f.n. NH succession, continuity. [Formed from רָצוּף (= continuous, consecutive), with suff. ◌וּת.] רְצִיצָה f.n. MH breaking, crushing, shattering. [Verbal n. of רָצַץ. See רצץ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְצִיצוּת f.n. NH being broken, being crushed, being shattered. [Formed from רָצוּץ with suff. ◌וּת.] רצם to press, crush, flatten. רצן to become serious. רֶצֶנְזְיָה f.n. FW review, criticism, recension. [L. recēnsiō, from recēnsus, p. part. of recēnsēre (= to count, enumerate, survey), from re- (= back, again), and cēnsēre (= to reckon, assess, estimate, value, deem, judge). For the ending see suff. ◌ְיָה.] רצע to bore, pierce. רַצְעָן m.n. PBH 1 shoemaker, cobbler. NH 2 saddler. PBH 3 strap bearer. [Formed from רָצַע (see רצע) with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: רַצֽעָנוּת, רַצְעָנִיָּה. רַצְעָנוּת f.n. MH 1 shoemaking, cobbling. NH 2 saddle making. [Formed from רַצְעָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רַצְעָנִיָּה f.n. NH workshop for saddles. [Formed from רַצְעָן with suff. ◌ִיָּה.] רצף ᴵ to fit together, fit out; to inlay, pave.
רצף ᴵᴵ to make continuous. רצף ᴵᴵᴵ to press, squeeze, crush. רַצָּף m.n. NH paver, stone layer. [Nomen opificis formed from רִצֵּף, Pi. of רצף ᴵ according to the pattern פַּעָל.] Derivative: רַצָּפוּת. רֶֽצֶף ᴵ m.n. burning coal (in the Bible only nomen unitatis רִצֽפָּה and pl. רֽצָפִים). [From רצף ᴵ, whence also Arab. raḍafa (= he fit stones together). cp. the related Aram. base רעף, whence רַעְפָא (= flat cake baked in the ashes of a fire); see רַעַף ᴵ.] רֶֽצֶף ᴵᴵ continuity, succession. [From רָצַף. See רצף ᴵᴵ.] רֶֽצֶף ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. NH covering, paving. [From רָצַף. See רצף ᴵ.] רִצְפָּה ᴵ, רִצְפָה f.n. pavement (in the Bible the spelling is רִצֽפָה; later, and in our time, it is רִצְפָּה). [Formed from רצף ᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] Derivative: רֶצֶף ᴵ. רִצְפָּה ᴵᴵ f.n. burning coal. [Nomen unitatis from רֶצֶף. See רֶצֶף ᴵ and second suff. ◌ָה.] רַצָּפוּת f.n. NH paving, stonelaying. [Formed from רַצָּף with suff. ◌וּת.] רצץ to break, crush. רֶֽצֶץ m.n. NH crushing (poetically). [From רצץ.] רִצְרוּץ m.n. NH running about. [Verbal n. of רִצְרֵץ; see רצרץ.] רצרץ to run about. רַק ᴵ adj. thin. [From רקק ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: רַק ᴵᴵ (adv.). רַק ᴵᴵ adv. only, nothing but, save, except. [From רַק ᴵ.] רֹק m.n. (pl. רֻקִּים) spittle, saliva. [From רקק ᴵ.] רקב to rot, decay. רָקָב m.n. 1 rottenness, decay, putrefaction. PBH 2 parts of a decayed human body mingled with soil. [From רקב, whence also JAram. רֻקְבָּא, Syr. רוּקְבָּא.] רָקִב adj. NH rotten. [From רקב.] רֶֽקֶב m.n. NH rot (in plants), sepsis. [From רָקָב.] רַקְבּוּבִי adj. NH putrescent, rotten. [Formed from רקב through reduplication of the third radical.] Derivative: רַקְבּוּבית. רַקְבּוּבִית f.n. PBH 1 decay, putrefaction. NH 2 humus. [Formed with suff. ◌ִית from רקב through reduplication of the third radical. cp. רַקְבִּיבוּת.] רִקָּבוֹן m.n. rottenness (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 41:19 in the phrase עֵץ רִקָּבוֹן, ‘wood of rottenness’, i.e. ‘rotten wood’). [Formed from רקב with ◌וֹן, a suff. forming abstract nouns.] רַקְבִּיבוּת f.n. PBH decay, putrefaction. [A collateral form of רַקְבּוּבִית. For the ending see suff. ◌וּת.] רַקֶּבֶת f.n. NH rot, sepsis (disease). [Coined from רקב (= to rot), according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת, serving to form names of diseases; see אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.] רקד to skip about; to dance. רַקָּד m.n. MH dancer. [Nomen opificis formed from רִקֵּד, Pi. of רקד, according to the pattern פַּעָל.] רֶֽקֶד m.n. MH dance, dancing. [From רקד.] רַקְדָן m.n. NH dancer. [Formed from רָקַד (see רקד) with agential suff. ◌ָן.] רַקָּה f.n. temple (side of the head). [Formed from רקק ᴵᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה. For sense development cp. L. tempus (= temple of the head), properly ‘the thin part’ (i.e. that part of the head where the skin seems to be the thinnest), from IE base * temp– (= to stretch, extend); see first and second ‘temple’ in my CEDEL.] רָקוּב adj. rotten, decayed, putrid. [Pass. part. of רָקַב. See רקב.] רִקּוּד m.n. PBH dancing, dance. [Verbal n. of רִקֵּד, Pi. of רקד.] רִקּֽוּחַ m.n. 1 ointment, perfumery (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 57:9). PBH 2 preparation of perfumes. [Verbal n. of רִקַּח, Pi. of רקח.] רִקּוּט m.n. NH rocketing. [Verbal n. of רִקֵּט, Pi. of רקט.] רֶקְוִיאֶם m.n. FW requiem. [L. requiem, accusative of requiēs (= rest after labor, relaxation), from re– (= back, again), and quiēs (= rest, repose), which derives from IE base * qeyē–, *qi(y)ē– (= to rest, repose, be comfortable). See ‘while’ in my CEDEL and cp. words there referred to.] רִקּוּם m.n. PBH 1 formation of embryo in the egg. MH 2 embroidering, embroidery. [Verbal n. of רִקֵּם, Pi. of רקם.] רֶקוֹמֶנְרַּצְיָה f.n. FW recommendation. [Med. L. recommendātiō, from recommendātus, p. part. of recommendāre, from L. re– (= back, again), and commendāre (= to commit to one’s charge; lit.: ‘to place in one’s hands’). See קוֹמַנְדּוֹ and suff. ◌ַצְיָה.] רִקּוּן m.n. MH emptying. [Verbal n. of רִקֵּן. See רקן.] רֶקוֹנְסְטְרוּקְצְיָה f.n. FW reconstruction. [Formed from L. re– (= back, again), and cōnstructiō (= a joining together). See קוֹנְסְטֽרוּקֽצְיָה.] רָקֽוּעַ m.n. MH flattened. [Pass. part. of רָקַע. See רקע.] רִקּֽוּעַ m.n. 1 metal beaten out thin (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Num. 17:3). NH 2 flattening. [Properly verbal n. of רִקַּע, Pi. of רקע.] רָקוּק adj. MH spat, spewed out. [Pass. part. of רָקַק. See רקק ᴵ.] רִקּוּק m.n. NH spitting, salivation, expectoration. [Verbal n. of רִקֵּק, Pi. of רָקַק. See רקק ᴵ.] רֶקוֹרְד m.n. FW record. [Eng. record, from Old Fren. recorder, from L. recordārī (= to think over, call to mind, remember), from re– (= back, again), and cor, genitive cordis (= heart). See קוֹרְדְיָקוֹס.] רקח to mix or compound (oil or ointment); to
spice, perfume. רֶֽקַח m.n. spice (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 8:2 in the phrase יַיִן הָרֶקַח, ‘spiced wine’). [From רקח.] רֹֽקַח m.n. spice mixture, perfume. [From רקח.] רַקָּח m.n. ointment maker, spicer, perfumer, apothecary, druggist. [Nomen opificis formed from רקח according to the pattern פַּעָל.] Derivative: רַקָּחוּת. רַקָּחוּת f.n. NH pharmaceutics. [Formed from רַקָּח with suff. ◌וּת.] רקט to rocket. רַקֶּטָה ᴵ f.n. FW rocket. [It. rocchetta, dimin. of rocca (= distaff), which is a Teutonic loan word. See ‘rock’ (distaff), in my CEDEL; so called from its resemblance to a distaff.] רַקֶּטָה ᴵᴵ f.n. FW racket (tennis). [Fren. raquette, from rachette, with the sense ‘palm of the hand’, from Arab. rāḥa. See רַחַת ᴵᴵ.] רֶקְטוּם m.n. FW rectum (anatomy). [Medical L. rēctum, shortened from L. rēctum intestīnum (= the straight intestine), neuter of rēctus (= straight, upright). See רֶקְטוֹר.] רֶקְטוֹר m.n. FW rector. [L. rēctor (= ruler, leader, director), from rēctus, p. part. of rēgere (= a keep straight, lead straight, guide, lead, conduct, direct, rule, reign), which is related to rēx, gen. rēgis (= king), from IE base * reg̑- (= to stretch, straighten, straight, right; to lead, direct, rule).] cp. רֶגוּלָטוֹר, רֶגוּלַצְיָה, רֶגוּלָרִי, רֶגִימֶנְט, רֶזִ׳יסוֹר, דִּירֶקְטוֹר, מַהַרַגָ׳ה, מוֹנוֹרֵיל, סוּרוֹגָט, פְּרֶרוֹגָטִיבָה, שַׁגְרִיר. cp. also רֶקְטוּם and רֶקְטִיפִיקַצְיָה. רֶקְטִיפִיקַצְיָה f.n. FW rectification. [Late L. rēctificātiō, p. part. of rēctificāre (= lit.: ‘to make straight’), from rēctus (= straight, right), properly p. part. of regere (see רֶקְטוֹר) and – ficāre, from facere (= to make, do). See פַקְט.] רָקִיב adj. NH putrescible, liable to rot. [Coined from רקב (= to rot), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in NH to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: רֽקִיבוּת. רְקִיבוּת f.n. NH putrescence. [Formed from רָקִיב with suff. ◌וּת.] רְקִידָה f.n. PBH leaping, dancing. [Verbal n. of רָקַד. See רקד and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְקִיחָה f.n. MH mixing, compounding, spicing, perfuming. [Verbal n. of רָקַח. See רקח and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְקִימָה f.n. MH embroidering, embroidery. [Verbal n. of רָקַם. See רקם and first suff. ◌ָה.] רָקִֽיעַ ᴵ m.n. 1 extended surface, expanse. 2 firmament, sky. [From רקע ᴵ; lit. ‘something beaten out’.] רָקִֽיעַ ᴵᴵ adj. NH ductile. [Coined from רקע ᴵ (= to stretch, beat — said of metals), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in NH to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: רְקִיעוּת. רְקִיעָה ᴵ f.n. PBH 1 flattening. 2 flattened material. [Verbal n. of רָקַע. See רקע and first suff. ◌ָה. Derivatively identical with רְקִיעָה ᴵᴵ.] רְקִיעָה ᴵᴵ f.n. NH stamping (with the foot). [Verbal n. of רָקַע. See רקע and first suff. ◌ָה. cp. רֶקַע ᴵᴵ.] רְקִיעוּת f.n. MH ductility. [Formed from רָקִיעַ ᴵᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] רָקִיק ᴵ m.n. PBH thin cake, wafer. [From רקק ᴵᴵ. cp. Arab. ruqāqa (= a thin round cake of bread), marqūq (= thin, flaky pastry), marqūqa (= thin bread of the peasants).] רָקִיק ᴵᴵ adj. PBH very thin. [From רקק ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: רְקִיקוּת. רְקִיקָה f.n. PBH spitting. [Verbal n. of רָקַק. See רקק ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְקִיקוּת f.n. MH thinness. [Formed from רָקִיק ᴵᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] רֶקְלָמָה f.n. FW advertisement. [Fren. réclame, back formation from réclamer, from L. reclāmāre (= to cry out against), from re– (= back, again), and clāmāre (= to shout, cry aloud, call, declare), which is related to clā-rus (= clear, bright), from IE base * klā–, var. of * kal– (= to shout, resound). See קָלֶנְדָּא.] רקם to variegate, to embroider. רֶֽקֶם, רָקָם PBH resp. MH m.n. 1 embroidery. 2 formation. [From רקם.] רִקְמָה f.n. 1 variegated stuff. NH 2 embroidery. NH 3 tissue, texture. [From רקם.] רקן to empty, void. רקע to stamp, beat out, spread out by
hammering, spread out. רֶֽקַע ᴵ m.n. NH 1 foundation. 2 background. [From רקע.] רֶֽקַע ᴵᴵ m.n. NH stamping (with the foot). [From רקע; a secondary form of רֽקִיעָה ᴵᴵ.] רַקֶּֽפֶת f.n. NH cyclamen. [From Syr. רַקַּפֽתָּא, which is of unknown origin.] רקק ᴵ to spit. רקק ᴵᴵ to be thin. [Base of רַק, רַקָּה, רָקִיק ᴵ and רָקִיק ᴵᴵ; Syr. רַקִּיקָא (= thin), אַרֵּק (= he made thin, thinned), Arab. raqqa (= became or was thin), Ethiop. raqaqa (of s.m.), Akka. raqāqu (= to be thin), ruqqu (= plate).] רְקָק m.n. PBH shallow, pool, puddle, mire, swamp. [From רקק ᴵ.] רְקָקִית f.n. NH spittoon. [Formed from רקק ᴵ with suff. ◌ִית.] רָר part. of רִיר. See ריר. רָשׁ adj. & m.n. poor; beggar. [Part. of רישׁ.] Derivatives: רָשׁוּת ᴵᴵ, רָשִׁישׁ. רַשַּׁאי adj. empowered, authorized, permitted, allowed. [From רשׁה.] רשׁה to empower, authorize, permit, allow. רָשׁוּי adj. NH licensed. [From רשׁה.] רִשּׁוּי m.n. NH licensing. [From רשׁה.] רָשׁוּל adj. MH 1 slovenly, neglected. NH 2 weary. NH 3 slowly. [Pass. part. of רָשַׁל (see רשׁל), an intr. v. which, regularly has no pass. part. in the Qal. For similar exceptions see בָּטוּחַ and words there referred to.] רִשּׁוּל m.n. PBH slovenliness, negligence. [Verbal n. of רִשֵּׁל, Pi. of רשׁל.] רָשׁוּם adj. written down, inscribed (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Dan. 10:21). [Pass. part. of רָשַׁם. See רשׁם.] Derivative: רְשׁוּמָה. רִשּׁוּם m.n. NH 1 registration, listing, recording, booking. NH 2 graphics, drawing. PBH 3 mark, trace. MH 4 impression. [Verbal n. of רִשֵּׁם, Pi. of רשׁם.] רְשׁוּמָה f.n. NH record. [Subst. use of the f. of רָשׁוּם.] Derivative: רֽשׁוּמוֹת. רְשׁוּמוֹת f.n. pl. ‘Reshumot’ — official gazette of the Israeli government. [Formally pl. of רְשׁוּמָה.] רָשׁוֹן m.n. PBH an unidentified species of locust. [Together with Aram. רָשׁוֹנָא of uncertain origin.] רָשׁוּף adj. MH sparkling. [Pass. part. of רָשַׁף (see רשׁף), an intr. v. which regularly has no pass. part. in the Qal. For similar exceptions see בָּטוּחַ and words there referred to.] רִשּׁוּף m.n. NH sparkling. [Verbal n. of רִשֵּׁף, Pi. of רשׁף.] רְשׁוּשׁ m.n. PBH clod of earth. [See רשׁשׁ and cp. רֶשֶׁשׁ (= clod of earth).] רָשׁוּת ᴵ f.n. PBH (pl. רָשׁוּיּוֹת) authority, power. [Prob. a shortened spelling for רָאשׁוּת. Several scholars and lexicographers derive רָשׁוּת ᴵ from base רשׁה (= to empower, authorize). For the ending of רָשׁוּת see suff. ◌וּת.] רָשׁוּת ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH poverty. [Formed from רָשׁ (= poor) with suff. ◌וּת.] רָשׁוּת ᴵᴵᴵ adj. NH netlike. [Formed from רֶשֶׁת. cp. רָשֹׁת.] רִשּׁוּת m.n. NH netting; reticulation. [Verbal n. of רִשֵּׁת. See רשׁת.] רְשׁוּת f.n. PBH 1 permission, permit. 2 freedom (of action). 3 property, ownership. [Formed from רשׁה with suff. ◌וּת.] רַשַּׁי PBH see רַשַּׁאי. רִשְׁיוֹן m.n. permission (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ez. 3:7). [Formed from רשׁה with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] רָשִׁיל adj. NH negligent, careless. [From רָשַׁל. See רשׁל.] רְשִׁימָה f.n. MH 1 writing, recording, sign, mark. NH 2 list, catalogue, register. NH 3 a short article. [Verbal n. of רָשַׁם. See רשׁם and first suff. ◌ָה.] Derivative: רֽשִׁימוֹן. רְשִׁימוֹן m.n. NH entry. [Formed from רְשִׁימָה with suff. ◌וֹן.] רְשִׁינָה f.n. MH resin. [Fren. résine, from L. rēsina, from Gk. rhetine (= resin of the pine).] רָשִׁישׁ adj. PBH weak. [Prob. formed from רָשׁ (= poor), through reduplication of the שׁ.] Derivative: רְשִׁישׁוּת. רְשִׁישׁוּת f.n. NH weakness. [Formed from רָשִׁישׁ with suff. ◌וּת.] רשׁל to weaken. רָשֵׁל adj. NH weakened, weak. [From רשׁל.] רֶֽשֶׁל m.n. MH weakness. [From רשׁל.] רִשְׁלוּת f.n. NH weakness. [Formed from רשׁל with suff. ◌וּת.] רַשְׁלָן m.n. NH 1 lazy, idle. 2 negligent, careless, slovenly. [Formed from רָשַׁל (see רשׁל) with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: רַשְׁלָנוּת, רַשֽׁלָנִי. רַשְׁלָנוּת f.n. NH 1 laziness, idleness. 2 negligence, carelessness, slovenliness. [Formed from רַשְׁלָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רַשְׁלָנִי adj. NH 1 lazy, idle. 2 negligent, careless, slovenly. [Formed from רַשְׁלָן with suff. ◌ִי.] רשׁם to inscribe, note, mark. רַשָּׁם m.n. NH registrar, recorder. [Nomen opificis formed from רִשֵּׁם, Pi. of רשׁם, according to the pattern פַּעָל.] רֹֽשֶם m.n. PBH 1 mark, sign. MH 2 impression. [From רשׁם, whence also Aram. רוּשֽׁמָא (= mark, sign, trace).] רֶֽשֶׁם m.n. MH 1 noting, marking, writing. NH 2 impression. [From רָרַשׁם. See רשׁם.] רִשְׁמָה f.n. NH graph. [Formed from רשׁם with first suff. ◌ָה.] רִשְׁמִי adj. NH official, formal. [From Arab. rasmiyy (= official), from rasm (= drawing, sketch, pattern, document), which derives from rasama (= he drew, sketched, described). See רשׁם and suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: רִשְׁמִיּוּת. רִשְׁמִיּוּת f.n. NH officialism, formality. [Formed from רִשֽׁמִי with suff. ◌וּת.] רַשְׁמָן m.n. NH 1 recorder. 2 reporter. [Formed from רָשַׁם (see רשׁם) with agential suff. ◌ָן.] רְשַׁמְקוֹל m.n. NH tape recorder. [Coined from רָשַׁם (= he marked, inscribed, noted, he recorded; see רשׁם), and קוֹל (= voice, sound).] רְשַׁמְרֽוּחַ m.n. NH anemograph. [Coined from רָשַׁם (see רשׁם) and רוּחַ (= wind).] רְשֹֽׁמֶת f.n. NH personal record, personal data. [Formed from רָשַׁם (see רשׁם) with suff. ◌ֶת.] רשׁע to be wicked, act wickedly. רָשָׁע adj. & n. 1 wicked, sinful, wicked sinner. 2 guilty. [From רשׁע.] Derivatives: רִשְׁעוּת, רְשָׁעִית, רִשְׁעָן. רֶֽשַׁע m.n. wickedness, evil, iniquity. [From רשׁע. cp. רִשֽׁעָה.] רִשְׁעָה f.n. wickedness, evil, iniquity. [Formed from רשע with first suff. ◌ָה.] רִשְׁעוּת f.n. MH wickedness, cruelty. [Formed from רָשָׁע with suff. ◌וּת.] רְשָׁעִית adj. & f.n. wicked (f.), sinful (f.), cruel (f.). [Formed from רָשָׁע with suff. ◌ִית.] רִשְׁעָן adj. PBH wicked, sinful, cruel. [Formed from רָשָׁע with agential suff. ◌ָן.] רֶֽשֶׁף m.n. 1 flame. 2 fire bolt. 3 plague, pestilence. PBH 4 a bird of prey. PBH 5 demon. NH 6 destruction. NH 7 flash (military). [Related to JAram. רִשֽׁפָּא (= flame), Phoen. רשׁף (name of a god), Ugar. Rshp (= name of a god).] רשׁף to spark, emit sparks. רִשְׁרוּשׁ m.n. NH rustle. [Verbal n. of רִשְׁרֵשׁ. See רשׁרשׁ.] רשׁרשׁ to rustle. רֶֽשֶׁשׁ m.n. PBH clod of earth. [From רשׁשׁ.] רשׁשׁ to beat down, shatter, destroy. רֶֽשֶׁת f.n. 1 net. 2 snare, trap. 3 network (for the altar of the tabernacle). NH 4 network (in radio and in television). [Prob. a derivative of ירשׁ ᴵ (= to take possession of, inherit), whose orig. meaning prob. was ‘to seize, catch’. cp. Ugar. rṯt (= net), from yrṯ (= take possession of).] Derivatives: רשׁת, רַשָּׁת, רָשֹׁת, רִשְׁתִּי, רִשְׁתִּית. רשׁת to net, cover with netting. רַשָּׁת m.n. NH netter. [Nomen opificis formed from רֶשֶׁת (= net), according to the pattern פַּעָל.] רָשֹׁת adj. NH netlike. [From רֶשֶׁת. cp. רָשׁוּת ᴵᴵᴵ.] רִשְׁתִּי adj. NH netlike, reticular. [Formed from רֶשֶׁת with suff. ◌ִי.] רִשְׁתִּית f.n. NH retina. [Formed from רֶשֶׁת with dimin. suff. ◌ִית. The word רִשֽׁתִּית is a superfluous innovation. The word רֶשֶׁת was already used in the Middle Ages in the sense of ‘retina’, and there is no reason why it should not be used in this sense in our time as well.] רתה to pity, be indulgent, be lenient, be
mild. רָתֽוּחַ adj. MH boiled. [Pass. part. of רָתַח. See רתח.] רִתּֽוּחַ m.n. PBH boiling. [Verbal n. of רִתַּח, Pi. of רתח.] רָתוּי adj. PBH indulgent, lenient, mild. [From רתה.] רִתּוּי m.n. NH indulgence, leniency, mildness. [Verbal n. of רִתָּה. See רתה.] רִתּוּךְ m.n. MH welding, soldering. [Verbal n. of רִתֵּךְ, Pi. of רתך.] רָתוּם adj. MH harnessed, hitched. [Pass. part. of רָתַם. See רתם.] רִתּוּם m.n. NH harnessing, hitching. [Verbal n. of רִתֵּם, Pi. of רתם.] רָתֽוּעַ adj. NH startled, recoiling. [From רתע.] רָתוּק adj. MH joined, fastened, chained. [From רתק ᴵ.] Derivative: רְתִיקוּת. רִתּוּק m.n. NH 1 joining, fastening, chaining. 2 being bound, being confined. [Verbal n. of רִתֵּק, Pi. of רתק ᴵ.] רַתּוֹק m.n. chain. [From רִתֵּק, Pi. of רתק ᴵ.] רַתּוּקָה f.n. chain. [A collateral form of רַתּוֹק. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] רְתוּקָה f.n. chain. [A collateral form of רַתּוֹק and רַתּוּקָה.] רָתוּת adj. MH trembling, shuddering. [Pass. part. of רָתַת (see רתת), an intr. v., which, regularly, has no pass. part. in the Qal. For similar exceptions see בָּטוּחַ and words there referred to.] רִתּוּת m.n. PBH trembling. [Verbal n. of רִתֵּת, Pi. of רתת.] רתח to boil, bubble. רֶֽתַח m.n. 1 a piece of boiling meat (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 24:5). MH 2 boiling. MH 3 agitation, excitement. [From רתח.] רִתְחָא m.n. PBH anger, rage, fury. [Aram., from רֽתַח; corresponding to Heb. רֶתַח. See רתח.] רִתְחָה f.n. PBH 1 boiling. NH 2 (fig.) rage, agitation, excitement. [Formed from רתח with first suff. ◌ָה. cp. the corresponding Aram. רִתֽחָא (q.v.).] רִתְחוֹן, רִתָּחוֹן m.n. NH boiling, bubbling. [Formed from רתח with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] רַתְחָן adj. PBH hot-tempered, irascible. [Formed from רָתַח (see רתח) with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: רַתְחָנוּת, רַתְחָנִי. רַתְחָנוּת f.n. MH hot temper, irascibility. [Formed from רַתְחָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רַתְחָנִי adj. NH hot-tempered, irascible. [Formed from רַתְחָן with suff. ◌ִי.] רִתְיוֹן m.n. PBH indulgence, leniency, mildness. [Formed from רתה with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] רְתִיחָה f.n. PBH 1 boiling. PBH 2 effervescence. MH 3 (fig.), rage, agitation, excitement. [Verbal n. of רָתַח. See רתח and first suff. ◌ָה.] רְתִיחוּת f.n. MH agitation, excitement. [Formed from רָתַח (see רתח) with suff. ◌וּת.] רָתִיךְ adj. NH weldable. [Coined from רתך (= to weld), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in NH to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: רְתִיכוּת. רְתִיכוּת f.n. NH weldability. [Formed from רָתִיךְ with suff. ◌וּת.] רְתִימָה f.n. NH harnessing, hitching. [Verbal n. of רָתַם; see רתם and first suff. ◌ָה. The noun רֽתִימָה was coined by Mendele Mocher Sepharim (c. 1836–1917).] רַתְיָן m.n. NH an indulgent or lenient person. [Formed from רתה with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: רַתְיָנוּת. רַתְיָנוּת f.n. NH indulgence, leniency. [Formed from רַתְיָן with suff. ◌וּת.] רְתִיעָה f.n. MH 1 recoiling, rebounding. NH 2 recoil (in a gun). [Verbal n. of רָתַע; see רתע and first suff. ◌ָה. The noun רְתִיעָה was coined by Mendele Mocher Sepharim (c. 1836–1917).] רְתִיקוּת f.n. NH being joined, being fastened, being chained. [Formed from רָתוּק with suff. ◌וּת.] רתך to melt; to weld, solder. רַתָּךְ m.n. NH welder, solder. [Nomen opificis formed from רִתֵּךְ, Pi. of רתך, according to the pattern פַּעָל.] Derivative: רַתָּכוּת. רַתָּכוּת f.n. NH welder’s craft, welding, soldering. [Formed from רַתָּךְ with suff. ◌וּת.] רתם to harness, bind, hitch, attach. רֹֽתֶם m.n. Retama (botany), the broom plant. [Related to Aram. רַתֽמָא, Arab. ratam (= the broom plant). The scientific name Retama derives from Sp. retama, a loan word from Arab. ratama, nomen unitatis from ratam.] Derivative: רֽתֵמָה. רְתֵמָה f.n. NH Genista (a genus of plants). [Formed from רֹתֶם with first suff. ◌ָה.] רִתְמָה f.n. harness. [Formed from רָתַם (see רתם) with first suff. ◌ָה.] רִתְמוּס, רִתְמִי see רִיתְמוּס, רִיתְמִי. רתע to tremble, startle, recoil, rebound. רֶֽתַע m.n. NH recoiling. [From רתע.] רתף to cellar, store (wine). רתק ᴵ to join, bind, connect. רתק ᴵᴵ to tear, tear away. רֶֽתֶק m.n. NH 1 clip. 2 hook. [From רתק ᴵ.] רתת to tremble. רְתֵת m.n. trembling (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Hos. 13:1). [From רתת.] רֶֽתֶת m.n. NH clonus (disease). [From רתת.] רַתְתָן adj. NH hesitant. [From רתת.] Derivative: רַתְתָנוּת. רַתְתָנוּת f.n. NH hesitancy. [Formed from רַתְתָן with suff. ◌וּת.] |