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Ernest Klein
A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary Of The Hebrew Language For Readers Of English (https://www.sefaria.org/Klein_Dictionary) Carta Jerusalem; 1st edition, 1987 צ Tzade |
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צ The eighteenth letter of the Heb. alphabet. The name of the letter, ‘tzadeh’ or ‘tzade’ (צָדֵי), means lit. ‘fishing hook’ and prob. so called in allusion to the ancient form of this letter. It is also called צַדִּיק, ‘tzaddik’, prob. formed from צָדֵי and ק, the letter following it in the Heb. alphabet, under the influence of the word צַדִּיק. צ has a final form, ץ. In PBH צ has the numerical value of ninety and ץ has the numerical value of nine hundred. Heb. צ comprises three orig. different sounds. 1 It corresponds to Aram.-Syr. צ, Ugar. ṣ, Arab ṣ, OSArab. צ, Ethiop. ṣ, Akka. ṣ. cp. e.g. Heb. אֶצְבַּע, Aram. אֶצְבַּע, אֶצְבְּעָא, Ugar. ṣb, Syr. צֶבְעָא, Arab. iṣba‘, OSArab. אצבע (as a measure), Ethiop. ’ aṣbā‘t, Akka. ṣubū, iṣbiṭṭu (= finger). 2 צ also corresponds to Aram.-Syr. ט, Ugar. ẓ, Arab. ẓ, OSArab. ט. cp. e.g. Heb. צֵל, Aram. טְלָלָא, Ugar. ẓl, Arab. ẓill, Syr. טֶלָּלָא (= shadow, shade). 3 צ also corresponds to Aram. ע (sometimes ק), Syr. ע, Arab. ḍ, OSArab. צ, Ethiop. ḍ, Akka. ṣ. cp. e.g. Heb. יָצָא (= he went out), Aram. and Syr. יעא (= to go forth, bloom), Arab. waḍu’a (= was or became beautiful, neat or clean), OSArab. וצא (= to go out). Sometimes in this case the Aram. equivalent is צ (see צמד and צרך). If Aram.-Syr. ע, as the regular equivalent of Heb. צ (see above), is preceded or followed by another guttural, it is usually dissimilated into א. cp. e.g. Heb. עֵץ and Aram. אָע, for עָע (= wood); Heb. צֶלַע and Syr. אֶלְעָא, for עֶלְעָא (= rib), Syr. אַעְפָא, for עַעְפָא (= double), and base צעף ᴵ, whence also Heb. צָעִיף (= veil). צ alternates with ז and ס (see the introductory entries to these letters). It also alternates with שׂ. cp. שׂחק — a collateral form of צחק (= to laugh). The change of צ to ג in JAram.-Syr. גִּחֵךְ (= he laughed) is due to dissimilation. For the rare interchangeability of צ and ק see אֶרֶץ, צֹאן, מחץ, עֵץ and צֶמֶר. צֵא go out! [Imper. of יָצָא. See יצא.] צֵאָה f.n. excrement, dung, filth. [Related to JAram.–Syr. צָאָה (= dirty), Syr. צִאי (= was dirty), Arab. waṣi’a (= was dirty), Ethiop. ṣē’a (= stank), Akka. zū, ṣū (= filth). These words are not derived from base יצא, as many lexicographers would have it. cp. the collateral form צוֹאָה.] Derivative: צאה. צאה to befoul, treat as dirt, abominate. צֵֽאָה to out! [Lengthened imper. of יָצָא. See יצא.] צָאוּי adj. befouled, soiled. [From צאה.] צֵאוּי m.n. MH befouling, dirtying; dirt. [Verbal n. of צֵאָה. See צאה.] צֹֽאִי see צוֹאִי. צְאֵל m.n. (pl. צֶאֱלִים) Zizyphus lotus (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 40:21 in the pl.). [Related to Arab. ḍāl (= Zizyphus lotus), Syr. עָאלָא (of s.m.).] Derivative: צֶאֱלזֹן. צֶאֱלוֹן m.n. NH Poinciana regia (botany). [Formed from צְאֵל with suff. ◌וֹן.] צֹאן f.n. pl. small cattle, sheep and goats. [Related to Moabite צאן, TA ẓūnu, Aram.–Syr. עָנָא, Egypt. Aram. קן, Mand. אקנא (rarely אנא), Ugar. ṣin, Arab. ḍā’in, ḍa’n, Akka. ṣēnu (= small cattle). The origin of these words is uncertain. They possibly derive from base יצא (= to go out), and lit. mean ‘the animals going out’. cp. Gk. probatoa (= cattle), lit. ‘those which go forward’, from probanein (= to go forward). cp. also צֹנֶה.] צֶאֱצָא m.n. 1 issue, offspring. 2 produce, yield. [Formed through reduplication of the second and third radical from יצא (= to go out).] צָב ᴵ m.n. (pl. צַבִּים) NH 1 turtle, tortoise. 2 a kind of a lizard (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Lev. 11:29). [In sense 2 related to Aram. צַבָּא, Syr. עַבָּא, עָבָא, Arab. ḍabb (= lizard).] צָב ᴵᴵ m.n. (pl. צַבִּים) covered wagon, litter. [From base צבב, whence also Aram. צַבָּא (= covered wagon), Akka. ṣumbu, dissimilated from * ṣubbu (= cart).] צבא to wage war, serve. צָבָא m.n. (pl. צְבָאוֹת) 1 army, host. 2 military service, war, warfare. 3 service. 4 fixed time. [From צבא, whence also Ugar. ṣb (= army). Egypt. ṣabi’ā (= army) is a Heb. loan word.] Derivatives: צְבָאִי, צֽבָאָנוּת. צְבָאוֹת 1 pl. of צָבָא. 2 pl. of צְבִיָּה. צְבָאִי adj. NH of the army, military, warlike. [Formed from צָבָא with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: צֽבָאִיּוּת. צְבָאִיּוּת f.n. NH militarism. [Formed from צְבָאִי with suff. ◌וּת.] צֽבָאִים, צְבָאיִם m.n. pl. of צְבִי. צְבָאָנוּת f.n. NH militarism. [Formed from צָבָא with suff. ◌נוּת.] Derivative: צֽבָאָנִי. צְבָאָנִי adj. NH militarist. [Formed from צְבָאָנוּת with suff. ◌ִי.] צבב to cover. [Base of צָב ᴵᴵ.] צבה ᴵ to swell, swell up. צבה ᴵᴵ to be willing, to wish. צָבֶה adj. swollen (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Num. 5:21). צָבוּט adj. NH pinched. [Pass. part. of צָבַט. See צבט.] צָבוּי adj. NH swollen. [Pass. part. of צָבָה. See צבה ᴵ.] צִבּוּי m.n. MH swelling. [From צבה ᴵ.] צָבֽוּעַ adj. 1 variegated, many-colored (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 12:9 in the phrase עַיִט צָבוּעַ, which prob. means ‘a painted bird’. PBH 2 dyed. PBH 3 hypocritical. [Pass. part. of צָבַע. See צבע.] Derivative: צְבִיעוּת. צָבֽוֹעַ m.n. hyena (in the Bible occurring only in the place-name גֵּי הַצְבֹעִים, ‘Valley of the Hyenas’, Sam. I 13:18). [Related to Arab. ḍabu‘, Ethiop. ṣe‘eb, Syr. אַפְעָא (= hyena).] צָבוּר adj. PBH heaped up, piled up, gathered, accumulated. [Pass. part. of צָבַר. See צבר.] Derivative: צְבִירוּת. צִבּוּר m.n. 1 heap, pile (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Kin. II 10:8 in the pl.). PBH 2 congregation, community. PBH 3 public. [From צבר.] Derivative: צִבּוּרִי. צִבּוּרִי adj. NH communal, public. [Formed from צִבּוּר with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: צִבּוּרִיּוּת. צִבּוּרִיּוּת f.n. NH public affairs. [Formed from צִבּוּרִי with suff. ◌וּת.] צָבוּת adj. MH 1 joined, connected. NH 2 pressed. NH 3 seized with, or as with, a pair of tongs. [Pass. part. of צָבַת; see צבת. In sense 3 denominated from צְבָת.] צִבּוּת f.n. NH plowing crosswise. [Verbal n. of צִבֵּת, Pi. of צבת ᴵᴵ.] צְבוּת f.n. MH swelling. [Formed from צבה ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] צבט to reach, hold out; lit. ‘to grasp,
hold’. צְבִי ᴵ m.n. (pl. צְבָיִים, also צֽבָאִים) 1 gazelle. 2 (inexactly) stag, deer. [Related to Aram.–Syr. טַבְיָא, Arab. ẓaby, Akka. ṣabītu (= gazelle). cp. ‘Tabitha’ in my CEDEL.] Derivative: צֽבִיָּה ᴵ. צְבִי ᴵᴵ m.n. beauty, glory. [Prob. derived from צבה ᴵᴵ (= to wish, desire) and lit. meaning ‘that which is desired’.] צְבִיָּה ᴵ f.n. (pl. צֽבָאוֹת) 1 female gazelle. MH 2 a lovely woman. [f. of צְבִי ᴵ.] צְבִיָּה ᴵᴵ f.n. MH swelling. [Verbal n. of צָבָה. See צבה ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צִבְיוֹן f.n. PBH 1 will, desire, pleasure. 2 shape, form, figure. 3 character, nature. [Formed on the analogy of Syr. צֶבְיָנָא (= will; desire, pleasure). See צבה ᴵᴵ and ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] צְבִיט f.n. NH mordent (music). [Back formation from צֽבִיטָה.] צְבִיטָה f.n. PBH 1 reaching, holding out. 2 seizing, grasping. 3 pinching, nipping. [Verbal n. of צָבַט. See צבט and first suff. ◌ָה. cp. צְבִיט.] צְבִיעָה ᴵ f.n. PBH dying, painting. [Verbal n. of צָבַע. See צבע ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְבִיעָה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH holding with the fingers, grasping, clutching. [Verbal n. of צָבַע. See צבע ᴵᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְבִיעוּת f.n. NH hypocrisy. [Formed from צָבוּעַ (= hypocritical), with suff. ◌וּת.] צֽבִיר m.n. NH cluster. [From צבר.] צָבִיר adj. NH accumulable. [Coined from צבר (= to heap up, accumulate), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: צְבִירוּת. צְבִירָה f.n. PBH 1 heaping up, piling up. NH 2 accumulation. [From צבר.] Derivative: צְבִירוּת. צְבִירוּת f.n. NH accrual. [Formed from צְבִירָה with suff. ◌וּת.] צְבִיתָה f.n. PBH a pair of tongs. [A secondary form of צְבָת.] צבע ᴵ to dye, paint. צבע ᴵᴵ to hold with the fingers. צֶֽבַע m.n. 1 color, dye. PBH 2 colored stuff. [From צבע ᴵ.] Derivative: צִבְעָן. צַבָּע m.n. PBH dyer, painter. [Nomen opificis, formed from צִבַּע, Pi. of צבע ᴵ.] Derivative: צַבָּעוּת. צִבְעוֹן m.n. PBH color. [Formed from צבע ᴵ with suff. ◌וֹן.] צִבְעוֹנִי ᴵ adj. MH colored, colorful. [Formed from צִבֽעוֹן with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivatives: צִבְעוֹנִי ᴵᴵ, צִבְעוֹנִיּוּת. צִבְעוֹנִיּוּת f.n. NH colorfulness. [Formed from צִבְעוֹנִי ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] צַבָּעוּת f.n. NH painting. [Formed from צַבָּע with suff. ◌וּת.] צִבְעָן m.n. NH pigment. [Formed from צֶבַע (= color), with suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: מֽצֻבּֽעָן. צבר to heap up, pile up, accumulate. צֶֽבֶר m.n. PBH 1 heap, pile. NH 2 sorus (botany). [From צבר.] צֹֽבֶר m.n. NH heap, pile, bulk. [From צבר.] צָבָר, צַבָּר m.n. NH 1 cactus. NH 2 ‘sabra’ (born in Israel; so called in allusion to the prickly exterior and kind heart). MH 3 aloe. [From Arab. ṣabr (= aloe, cactus), which is related to Syr. צַבְּרָא, צַבָּרָא, צַוֽרָא, Akka. ṣibāru (= aloe).] Derivatives: צַבָּרִי, צַבָּרוּת. צַבָּרוּת f.n. NH characteristics of a ‘sabra’. [Formed from צַבָּר with suff. ◌וּת] צַבָּרִי adj. NH characteristic of a ‘sabra’ (native-born Israeli). [Formed from צַבָּר with adj. suff. ◌ִי.] צִבֹּֽרֶת f.n. NH heaping up, piling up. [Formed from צבר with suff. ◌ֶת.] צבת ᴵ to seize, grasp; to pinch, nip. צבת ᴵᴵ to plow crosswise. צֶֽבֶת ᴵ m.n. (pl. צֽבָתִים) 1 a bundle of sheaves (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ruth 2:16). 2 bundle, heap. [From צבת ᴵ. cp. צֶוֶת.] צֶֽבֶת ᴵᴵ m.n. NH (pl. צְבָתִים) pincers, forceps, tweezers. [A collateral form of צֽבָת.] צְבָת f.n. (pl. צְבָתוֹת, also צְבָתִים) PBH 1 tongs, pliers. NH 2 hard pressure. [From צבת ᴵ. cp. Aram. צִבְתָּא.] Derivative: צַבְתָּן. צֹֽבֶת m.n. NH plants remaining after crosswise plowing. [From צבת ᴵᴵ.] צַבְתָּן m.n. NH Forficulidae (name of the type genus of the earwig family, from L. forficula, ‘small shears’, dimin. of farfex, ‘shears’). [Formed from צְבָת (= tongs) with dimin. suff. ◌ָן.] צָג m.n. NH display (in electronic computers). [From יצג.] צַד m.n. (pl. צִדִּים, also צְדָדִים, צְדָדִין) 1 side, flank. PBH 2 part. PBH 3 party (in an argument). NH 4 page. [From צדד, whence also BAram. צַד, JAram. צִדְדָא (= side), Aram. צֵיד, Syr. צֶאד (= by, beside), Arab. ṣadda (= he turned away, diverted, rejected, alienated), ṣadad (= nearness, vicinity).] Derivatives: צְדָדִי, צָדוּד, צְדָדִית, צִדּוֹן, צִדִּי, צְדִידָה. cp. the second element in שַׁטֽצַד. צדד ᴵ base of צַד. צדד ᴵᴵ to turn aside. צְדָדִי adj. MH 1 sideways. 2 incidental, unimportant. [Formed from צַד with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: צֽדָדִיּוּת. צְדָדִיּוּת f.n. NH 1 lying aside. 2 incidentality, unimportance. [Formed from צְדָדִי with suff. ◌ִית.] צדה ᴵ to lie in wait. צדה ᴵᴵ to lay waste, devastate. צָדוּד adj. MH many-sided, multilateral. [From צַד.] צִדּוּד m.n. MH 1 turning sideways. 2 partisanship. [Verbal n. of צִדֵּד, Pi. of צדד.] צְדוּדִית f.n. NH profile. [Formed from צַד (= side). For the ending see suff. ◌ִית.] צִדּוֹן m.n. broadside. [Formed from צַד.] צִדּוּק m.n. PBH justification, vindication (in the Talmud occurring only in the phrase צִדּוּק־הַדִּין, ‘acknowledgment of the righteousness of Divine judgement’). [Verbal n. of צִדֵּק, Pi. of צדק.] צָדוֹקִי m.n. PBH ‘Sadducee’ — a member of a Jewish sect in the Second Temple Period, whose religion consisted primarily in the Temple cult. [Of uncertain origin. According to most scholars so called after בְּנֵי צָדוֹק, ‘the descendants of Zadok’, who was the high priest in the time of King David. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.] צִדִּי adj. side, lateral. [Formed from צָד with suff. ◌ִי.] צָדֵי f.n. PBH (pl. צָדִין) ‘tzadhe’ or ‘tzade’ — name of the eighteenth letter of the Heb. alphabet. [cp. Syr. צָדֵא, Arab. ṣād. These words lit. mean ‘fishing hook’, and derive from צוד (= to hunt, catch, capture); so called in allusion to the ancient Heb. form of this letter.] צְדִידָה f.n. NH leeway. [From צַד (= side). For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] צְדִיָּה f.n. lying-in-wait, malicious intent (in the Bible occurring only Num. 35:20 and 22). [Verbal n. of צָדָה. See צדה and first suff. ◌ָה.] צַדִּיק ᴵ adj. & m.n. 1 just, righteous. 2 pious, virtuous. 3 right, correct. NH 4 Hasidic rabbi. [From צדק.] Derivatives: צַדֶּקֶת, צַדִּיקוּת. צַדִּיק ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH (pl. צַדִּיקִין) another name for the letter צָדֵי. [Probformed from צָדֵי and ק, the letter following it, under the influence of the word צַדִּיק ᴵ.] צַדִּיקוּת f.n. MH 1 justness, righteousness. 2 piousness, virtue. [Formed from צַדִּיק ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] צֶֽדַע m.n. PBH (dual צְדָעַיִם) temple (of the head). [Related to JAram. צִדְעָא, Syr. צֶדֽעָא, Arab. ṣudgh (= temple). cp. צִדֽעָה.] Derivative: צדע. צדע to salute. צִדְעָה f.n. PBH temple (of the head). [A collateral form of צֶדַע. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] צֶֽדֶף m.n. MH mother of pearl, sea shell. [A loan word form Arab. ṣadaf (= pearl oyster, sea shell, conch).] Derivatives: צִדְפָּה, צִדְפִּי. צִדְפָּה f.n. NH oyster. [From צֶדֶף. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] צִדְפִּי adj. NH nacreous. [Formed from צֶדֶף with suff. ◌ִי.] צדק to be just, be righteous. צֶֽדֶק ᴵ m.n. 1 justness, correctness. 2 righteousness, justice. 3 salvation. 4 deliverance, victory. [From צדק. cp. JAram. צִדֽקָא, Syr. זֶדְקָא, Mand. זידקא (= justice). cp. also צֶדֶק ᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: צִדְקוּת, צִדְקָן. צֶדֶק ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH the planet Jupiter. [Perhaps lit. meaning ‘the planet of righteousness’, hence identical with צֶדֶק ᴵ.] צְדָקָה f.n. 1 righteousness, justice. 2 deliverance, victory. 3 merit. PBH 4 alms, charity. [A secondary form of צֶדֶק ᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה. cp. Aram. צִדֽקְתָא, צְדַקֽתָּא (= justice), BAram. צִדֽקָה (= right doing, charity), Palm. זדקתא (for the ז cp. Syr. זָדֵק, ‘it is right’; see צדק). Arab. ṣadaqa (= alms, charity), is a loan word from צְדָקָה, of the same meaning.] צִדְקוּת f.n. MH righteousness, virtue, piety. [Formed from צֶדֶק ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת. cp. Aram. צִדֽקוּ, צִדְקוּתָא (= righteousness, virtue, piety).] צִדְקָן m.n. PBH a righteous, pious person. [Formed from צֶדֶק ᴵ with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: צִדְקָנוּת, צִדְקָנִי. צִדְקָנוּת f.n. NH righteousness, piety. [Formed from צִדֽקָן with suff. ◌וּת.] צִדְקָנִי adj. NH righteous, pious. [Formed from צִדֽקָן with suff. ◌ִי.] צַדֶּֽקֶת f.n. PBH a righteous, pious woman. [Properly f. of the adj. צַדִּיק, used as a noun. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.] צַדְרָה f.n. PBH tarpaulin. [From Aram. צַדֽרָא (= rough cloth), which is prob. of Persian origin.] צהב ᴵ to be bright, shine, gleam, be yellow. צהב ᴵᴵ to shout at, insult, to quarrel, be
angry; to be hostile to, hate. צָהֹב adj. yellow (in the Bible occurring only Lev. 13:30, 32, 36). [From צהב ᴵ.] Derivatives: צִהָבוֹן, צַהֲבוּת, צְהִיבוּת. צֹֽהַב m.n. NH yellowness. [From צהב ᴵ.] צְהַבְהַב adj. NH yellowish. [Formed from צהב ᴵ through reduplication of the second and third radical on the analogy of אֲדַמְדַּם (= reddish) which derives from אדם (= to be red). See אֲדַמְדַּם and cp. words there referred to.] Derivative: צְהַבְהַבּוּת. צְהַבְהַבּוּת f.n. NH yellowishness. [Formed from צֽהַבֽהַב with suff. ◌וּת.] צִהָבוֹן m.n. NH yellowness. [Formed from צָהֹב with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] Derivative: צַהֲבוֹנִי. צַהֲבוֹנִי adj. NH yellowish. [Formed from צִהָבוֹן with suff. ◌ִי.] צַהֶֽבֶת f.n. NH Icterus, jaundice. [Coined from צהב ᴵ (= to be yellow), according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת serving to form names of diseases. See אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.] צָהוּב adj. PBH angry, hostile. [Pass. part. of צָהַב. See צהב ᴵᴵ.] צִהוּב m.n. PBH 1 turning yellow, yellowing. NH 2 coloring yellow. [From צהב ᴵ.] צִהוּר m.n. NH exposure of fruits to the sun. [From צהר.] צְהִיבָה ᴵ f.n. NH turning yellow. [Verbal n. of צָהַב. See צהב ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְהִיבָה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH quarrel, enmity. [Verbal n. of צָהַב. See צהב ᴵᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְהִיבוּת f.n. MH being yellow, yellowness. [Formed from צָהֹב (= yellow), with suff. ◌וּת.] צְהִירָה f.n. MH 1 shining. NH 2 culmination (astronomy). צהל ᴵ to neigh; to cry shrilly, shout. צהל ᴵᴵ to shine. צַֽהַל m.n. MH shouting, joy, rejoicing. [From צהל ᴵ.] צָהֵל adj. MH shouting, joyful, rejoicing. [From צהל ᴵ.] צַהַ״ל m.n. NH ‘Zahal’ — the Israel Army. [Abbr. of צְבָא־הֲגַנָּה־לֽיִשְׂרָאֵל (= Israel Defence Army, IDF — Israel Defence Forces).] צָהֳלָה f.n. PBH 1 shouting, joy, rejoicing. 2 neighing. [Formed from צהל ᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] צַהֲלוּל m.n. NH shouting, joy, rejoicing. [Formed from צהל ᴵ through reduplication of the third radical.] צהר to be bright, be clear. צֹֽהַר ᴵ m.n. window, opening (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Gen. 6:16 and prob. meaning ‘roof’, properly ‘back’, of the ark). [From צהר.] צֹֽהַר ᴵᴵ m.n. (pl. צֽהָרִים) MH 1 brightness. NH 2 zenith. [From צהר. cp. זֹהַר (= shining, brightness).] צָהֳרַֽיִם m.n. pl. (dual) midday, noon. [From צהר, whence also Moabite צהרמ, Aram. טִיהֲרָא, Syr. טַהֽרָא (= midday, noon). The orig. meaning of these words is ‘back’ (see צהר). cp. מִצְהָר ᴵ.] צַו m.n. command, order. [From צוה.] צוֹאָה f.n. excrement, filth. [A collateral form of צֵאָה.] Derivative: צוֹאִי. צַוָּאָה f.n. PBH 1 command, order. 2 last will, testament. [From צִוָּה in the phrase צִוָּה לֽבֵיתוֹ, ‘he declared his last will’. See צוה. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] צוֹאִי adj. filthy. [Formed from צוֹאָה with suff. ◌ִי.] צַוָּאר m.n. (pl. צַוָּארִים, also צַוָּארוֹת) neck. [cp. BAram. צַוָּאר, JAram. צַוָּארָא, Syr. צַוְרָא (without a ‘daghesh’. According to some scholars the ‘daghesh’ in צַוָּאר serves to distinguish this word from unvoweled צוּר. Many other scholars derive צַוָּאר from base צור (= to turn; see ציר ᴵᴵ), so that צַוָּאר would lit. mean ‘that which turns’. For sense development cp. Gk. stropheus (= one of the vertebrae; lit.: ‘that which turns’).] Derivative: צַוָּרוֹן (later spelt צַוָּארוֹן). צַוָּארוֹן m.n. 1 necklace. NH 2 collar. [See צַוָּרוֹן.] צוֹבֵֽעַ m.n. PBH painter, dyer. [Subst. use of the act. part. of צָבַע. See צבע ᴵ.] צוג to stand. צוד to hunt, catch, capture. צוֹדֵק adj. MH right, just, true. [Act. part of צדק.] צוה to command, order. צוֹהֵל adj. NH joyful, merry, exuberant, exultant. [Act. part. of צָהַל; see צהל.] צִוּוּי m.n. PBH 1 command, order. MH 2 imper. (grammar). [Verbal n. of צוָּה, Pi. of צוה.] צִוּוּת m.n. NH grouping, teaming up, manning a crew. [Verbal n. of צות ᴵᴵᴵ.] צוח to cry aloud, shout. צֶֽוַח m.n. MH cry, shout (poetry). [From צוח.] צְוָחָה f.n. outcry, shout. [Formed from צוח with first suff. ◌ָה.] צַוְחָן m.n. NH crier, screamer. [Formed from צוח with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: צַוְחָנוּת, צַוֽחָנִי. צַוְחָנוּת f.n. NH crying, screaming. [Formed from צַוֽחָן with suff. ◌וּת.] צַוְחָנִי adj. NH crying, screaming; noisy. [Formed from צַוֽחָן with suff. ◌ִי.] צְוִיחָה f.n. MH outcry, shout. [Verbal n. of צָוַח. See צוח and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְוִיץ m.n. NH chirp, twitter. [Of imitative origin.] צְוִיצָה f.n. NH chirping, twittering. [Formed from צְוִיץ with first suff. ◌ָה.] צול base of צוּל, צוּלָה, מְצוֹלָה, מֽצוּלָה. [Possibly related to צלל ᴵᴵ (= to sink).] צוּל m.n. MH depth (of the sea). [A secondary form of צוּלָה.] צוֹלֵב adj. NH cross (adj.) [From צֽלָב.] צוּלָה f.n. depth of the sea (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 44:27). [Formed from צול with first suff. ◌ָה.] צוֹלֵל ᴵ m.n. NH diver. [Subst. use of the part. of צָלַל. See צלל ᴵ.] Derivative: צוֹלְלָן. cp. צוֹלֶלֶת. צוֹלֵל ᴵᴵ adj. NH resonant, sonorous. [Part. of צָלַל. See צלל ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: צוֹלֽלוּת. צוֹלְלוּת f.n. NH sonority. [Formed from צוֹלֵל ᴵᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] צוֹלְלָן m.n. NH member of a submarine crew. [Formed from צוֹלֵל ᴵ with agential suff. ◌ָן.] צוֹלֶֽלֶת f.n. NH submarine, U-boat. [Subst. use of the f. part. of צָלַל. See צלל ᴵ.] צוֹלֵֽעַ adj. 1 limping, lame. NH 2 shaky. [Part. of צָלַע. See צלע.] צוֹלְפָנִי adj. NH whipping, biting (used in a fig. sense). [Formed from צוֹלֵף, part. of צָלַף (= he whipped; see צלף), with suff. ◌ָנִי.] צום to fast. [Aram.–Syr. צָם (= he fasted), Arab. ṣāma, Ethiop. ṣōma (= he fasted), are Aram. loan words.]—Qal צָם intr. v. he fasted. Derivatives: צוֹם, צַיֽמָן. צוֹם m.n. (pl. צוֹמוֹת) fast. [From צום, whence also Aram. צוֹם, צוֹמָא (= fast).] צוֹמֵד m.n. NH accolade (music). [Subst. use of the act. part. of צָמַד. See צמד.] צוֹמֵֽחַ adj. & m.n. 1 growing. MH 2 plants (collectively). MH 3 flora. [Part. of צָמַח. See צמח.] צוֹמֵק adj. dry, wrinkled, shrunken (in the Bible occurring only Hos. 9:14 in the pl.). [Act. part. of צָמַק. See צמק.] צוּנָם m.n. PBH hard stone, rock, flint. [From Aram. צֻנָּמָא or Syr. צוּנָמָא.] צוֹנֵן adj. & m.n. cold. [Act. part. of צָנַן. See צנן.] צוֹנְנִים m.n. pl. NH cold water (pl. of צוֹנֵן.] צוֹעֵן adj. NH wandering, nomad. [Part. of צָעַן. See צען and cp. צוֹעֲנִי.] צוֹעֲנִי m.n. NH gypsy. [A blend of צוֹעֵן and Russian tzigan or Ger. Zigeuner (= gypsy). For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: צוֹעֲנִיּוּת. צוֹעֲנִיּוּת f.n. NH gypsy (or nomadic) life. [Formed from צוֹעֲנִי with suff. ◌וּת.] צוֹעֵר m.n. 1 a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Zech. 3:7 and prob. meaning ‘shepherd’s assistant’. NH 2 cadet. [Part. of צָעַר. See צער.] צוּף ᴵ m.n. honeycomb (in the Bible occurring only Ps. 19:11; Pr. 16:24). [Prob. derived from צוף and lit. meaning ‘the overflowing’ (honey).] Derivatives: צוּפִית, צוּפָן. צוּף ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH bundle of wool. [Related to Arab. ṣūf (= wool).] צוֹפֶה m.n. 1 watchman. PBH 2 seer, prophet. NH 3 scout. [Properly subst. use of the part. of צָפִי. See צפה ᴵ and cp. צוֹפִי.] Derivative: צוֹפִי. צוֹפִי adj. NH scout (adj.), scouting (adj.). [From צוֹפֶה. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.] צוֹפִיּוּת f.n. NH scouting, scouthood. [Formed from צוֹפֶה with suff. ◌וּת.] צוּפִית f.n. NH honeysucker, sunbird. [Formed from צוף with suff. ◌וּת.] צוּפָן m.n. NH nectary. [Formed from צוּף ᴵ with suff. ◌ָן.] צוֹפָר m.n. NH siren. [From צפר ᴵ.] צוץ to chirp, twitter. צוֹצֵל m.n. PBH (f. צוֹצֶלֶת) a kind of dove (Streptopelia senegalensis). [From Aram. צִיצְלָא, also צוּלְצְלָא, which are prob. of imitative origin. cp. צֽלָצַל.] צוֹצֶֽלֶת f. of צוֹצֵל (q.v.). צוק ᴵ to constrain, press upon, distress. צוק ᴵᴵ to pour out. צוֹק ᴵ m.n. constraint, distress (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Dan. 9:25 in the phrase בּֽצוֹק הָעִתִּים, ‘in the stress of the times’). [From צוק ᴵ.] צוֹק ᴵᴵ, צוּק m.n. PBH rock, cliff. [Of unknown origin. Perhaps derived from יצק or מוּצָק.] Derivative: צוּקִית. צוּקָה f.n. pressure, distress. [Formed from צוק ᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] צוּקִית f.n. NH rock thrush, Monticola (a kind of bird), [Formed from צוּק with suff. ◌ִית.] צור ᴵ to bind, wrap, tie; to confine in,
narrow, compress; to enclose, shut in; to lay siege to, besiege. צור ᴵᴵ prob. base of צַוָּאר (= neck). [q.v.] צור ᴵᴵᴵ to fashion, shape, form. צור ᴵⱽ to
show hostility to, treat as a foe. צוּו m.n. 1 rock, cliff. 2 boulder. 3 support, defense, fortress, place of refuge. [Related to BAram. and Aram. טוּר, טוּרָא, Syr. טוּרָא (= mount, mountain).] צוֹרֵב adj. NH burning, caustic. [Part. of צָרַב. See צרב.] Derivative: צוֹרֽבָנִי. צוֹרְבָא m.n. PBH scholar (occurring only in the phrase צוֹרֽבָא מַרַבָּנָן, ‘a Rabbinic scholar’). [Aram., of uncertain origin. Perhaps derived from צרב (= to burn), and lit. denoting ‘one who is burned or singed by the fire of the Sages’.] צוֹרְבָנִי adj. NH caustic. [Formed from צוֹרֵב with suff. ◌ָנִי.] צוּרָה f.n. 1 fashion, shape, form, figure. PBH 2 picture, pattern. PBH 3 face, countenance. NH 4 expression. NH 5 type. [Formed from צור ᴵᴵᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] Derivatives: צוּרָן, צוּרָנִי, צוּרָתִי. צַוָּרוֹן m.n. (now usually spelt צַוָּארוֹן) 1 necklace (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 4:9 in the form צַוּֽרֹנָיִךְ). 2 collar. [From צַוָּאר.] Derivative: צַוְּרוֹנִית. צַוְּרוֹנִית f.n. NH scarf. [Formed from צַוָּרוֹן with suff. ◌ִית.] צוֹרְמָנִי adj. NH screeching, harsh. [Formed from צוֹרֵם, part. of צָרַם (= he grated; see צרם), with suff. ◌ָנִי.] צוּרָן m.n. NH morpheme. [Formed from צוּרָה with suff. ◌ָן.] צוּרָנִי adj. NH formal. [Formed from צוּרָה with suff. ◌ָנִי.] צוֹרֵף m.n. goldsmith, silversmith. [Subst. use of the act. part. of צָרַף. See צרף.] Derivative: צוֹרֽפוּת. צוֹרְפוּת f.n. NH goldsmith’s work. [Formed from צוֹרֵף with suff. ◌וּת.] צוֹרֵר m.n. enemy, oppressor. [Act. part. of צָרַר. See צרר ᴵᴵ.] צוּרָתִי adj. NH formal. [Formed from צוּרָה with suff. ◌ִי.] צות ᴵ to kindle, burn. צות ᴵᴵ to listen. צות ᴵᴵᴵ to join, follow. צֶֽוֶת m.n. PBH PBH 1 association, society. NH 2 crew. NH 3 panel. [From Aram. צַוְתָּא (q.v.).] צַוְתָּא m.n. PBH association, society. [Aram., from צֽוַת (= he joined). See צות ᴵᴵᴵ.] צֶזוּרָה f.n. FW caesura. [L. caesūra (= a cutting), formed from caesus, p. part. of caedere (= to cut, hew, lop), which is cogn. with Old I. khidáti, skhidáti (= thrusts, tears), khḗdā, khēdayati (= molests, tires, fatigues). cp. צָמֶנֽט and the second element in גֵּ׳ינוֹסַיֽד.] צַח adj. dazzling, glowing, bright, clear, pure. [From צחח ᴵ.] Derivative: צַחוּת. צִחֶה adj. dry, parched (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 5:13 in the phrase צִחֵה צָמָא (= parched with thirst). [From צחה.] צחה to be dry, be parched, be thirsty. [JAram. צְחָא, צְחִי (= was thirsty), Syr. צֶחָא (= burning heat), צַחֽוָא (= clear sky), Arab. ṣaḥā, Ethiop. ṣeḥewa (= was clear, was cloudless). cp. also Arab. ṣāḥa (= he dried up, dried out). Related to צחח ᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: צִחָה, צָחוּי. צָחוּי adj. MH dry, parched. [From צחה.] צָחוּן adj. MH stinking, smelly. [Pass. part. of צָחַן. See צחן.] צְחוֹק m.n. laughter. [From צחק. cp. שְׂחוֹק.] צָחוֹר adj. white (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jud. 5:10). [From צחר. cp. צֽחוֹר.] צְחוֹר m.n. MH whiteness. [From צחר. cp. צָחוֹר.] צַחוּת f.n. MH clearness, purity, clarity. [Formed from צַח with suff. ◌וּת.] צחח ᴵ to be dazzling, be bright, be clear. צחח ᴵᴵ to become dry. צִחָיוֹן m.n. MH dryness. [Formed from צחה with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] צָחִֽיחַ adj. NH dry, arid. [From צֽחִיחַ.] Derivative: צֽחִיחוּת. צְחִֽיחַ m.n. 1 dry surface. NH 2 drought. [Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Arab. ṣiḥ (= earth exposed to the sun).] Derivatives: צָחִיחַ, צחח ᴵᴵ. צְחִיחָה f.n. dry, parched land (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 68:7). [A secondary form of צְחִיחַ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] צְחִיחוּת f.n. NH dryness, aridity. [Formed from צָחִיחַ with suff. ◌וּת.] צחן to stink. צַֽחַן m.n. MH stench. [Back formation from צַחֲנָה ᴵ.] צַחֲנָה ᴵ f.n. stench, bad smell (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Joel 2:8 in the form צַחֲנָתוֹ). [From צחן. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] צַחֲנָה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH small fish preserved in brine. [Borrowed from Aram. צֽחַנְתָּא (of s.m.). cp. Syr. צַחֽנָא (= bowl, dish), צָחְנִיתָא (= fish snack, relish), which is related to Arab. ṣaḥn (= bowl, dish), ṣaḥnā (= sardine), and to Heb. צַלַּחַת (= bowl, dish).] צַחֲנָן m.n. NH Anagyris foetida (botany). [Formed from צחן with suff. ◌ָן.] צַחֲפָה f.n. NH platform. [From צחפת, a word occurring in an Old Canaanite inscription.] צַחְצֽוֹחַ m.n. PBH drop. [Related to Arab. ḍaḥḍāḥ (= a little water).] Derivative: צַחֽצוֹחִית. צַחְצוֹחִית f.n. PBH a little drop. [Formed from צַחְצוֹחַ with suff. ◌ִית.] צִחְצֽוּחַ m.n. PBH polishing, burnishing. [Verbal n. of צִחְצַח, Pilp. of צחצח.] צחצח to polish. צַחְצָחוּת f.n. NH purity, brightness. [Formed from צחצח with suff. ◌וּת.] צַחֽצָחוֹת f.n. pl. scorched land (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 58:11). [Formed from צחח ᴵᴵ through reduplicating the first and second radical. cp. Arab. ṣaḥṣaḥān (= bare land).] צַחְצְחָן m.n. NH purist. [Formed from צִחְצַח, Pilp. of צחצח, with agential suff. ◌ָן.] צחק to laugh. צַֽחַק m.n. MH laughter. [From צחק.] צַחֲקָה f.n. MH smile. [Formed from צחק with first suff. ◌ָה.] צִחְקוּק m.n. NH chuckle, giggle. [Verbal n. of צִחֽקֵק. See צחקק.] צַחֲקָן m.n. NH a laughter-loving person. [Formed from צחק with agential suff. ◌ָן. cp. שַׂחֲקָן.] Derivatives: צַחֲקָנוּת, צַחֲקָנִי. צַחֲקָנוּת f.n. NH laughter-loving. [Formed from צַחֲקָן with suff. ◌וּת. cp. שַׂחֲקָנוּת.] צַחֲקָנִי adj. NH laughter-loving. [Formed from צַחֲקָן with suff. ◌ִי.] צחקק to giggle. צחר to be white. צַֽחַר m.n. whiteness (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 27:18 in the phrase צֶמֶר צָחַר, which prob. means ‘white wool’). צְחַרְחַר adj. whitish. [Formed from צחר through reduplication of the second and third radical on the analogy of אֲדַמְדַּם (= reddish), which derives from אדם (= to be red).] צִטּוּט m.n. NH quotation. [Verbal n. of צִטֵּט. See צטט.] צטט to quote. צַטְּטָנוּת f.n. NH tendency to use quotations. [Formed from צִטֵּט (see צטט) with suff. ◌ָנוּת.] צִי ᴵ m.n. (pl. צִיִּים and צִים) 1 ship, boat. NH 2 fleet. NH 3 navy. [According to some scholars a loan word from Egypt. t’aī.] צִי ᴵᴵ m.n. (pl. צִיִּים) wild animals (living in deserts). [Of uncertain origin. According to some scholars it is related to Arab. ḍayuwan (= wild cat). According to other scholars it is a contraction of צָוֵי, which is related to Arab. ṣawā(y) (= he cried), hence lit. meaning ‘crier’. Some scholars see in צִי ᴵᴵ a back formation from צִיָּה (= desert), so that צִי would lit. mean ‘desert dweller’.] צִיאָן m.n. FW cyanide (chemistry). [Gk. kyan, from kyanos (= dark blue enamel, lapis lazuli, the dark blue color) a foreign word connected with Hitt. kuwanna(n) (= copper, copper blue, ornamental stone).] צִיאָנוֹזָה f.n. FW cyanosis (disease). [Medical L. cyanosis, formed from Gk. kyanos (see צִיאָן) and suff. – osis (see suff. ‘–osis’ in my CEDEL).] צִיב m.n. PBH fiber. [Together with Aram. צִיבָא (= fiber), Syr. צִיבָא, pl. צִיבֵא (= chips of wood, splinters, slices of dried meat), of uncertain origin. cp. סִיב. cp. also the first element in צִיבְחַד.] צִיבְחַד PBH (incorrectly spelt סִיבְחַד) a little. [Aram., compounded of צִיב (= fiber) and חַד (= one), hence lit. meaning ‘a little fiber’.] Derivative: צִיבִית. צִיבִילִי adj. FW civil, civilian. [L. cīvīlis (= pertaining to a citizen, pertaining to public life; polite), from cīvis (= member of a community, citizen), from IE base * kei- (= to lie, settle, down), whence also Gk. keisthai (= to lie, to lie asleep), koitos (= place to lie down in, bed; sleeping, sleep), etc. All these and other words derived from this base denote relationship or love to the family or clan. See ‘home’ in my CEDEL.] צִיבִילִיזַצְיָה f.n. FW civilization. [Fren. civilisation, from civiliser (= to civilize), from civil, from L. cīvīlis. See צִיבִילִי and suff. ◌ַצֽיָה.] צִיבִית f.n. NH celluloid. [Formed from צִיב with suff. ◌ִית.] צִיגָה f.n. MH standing. [Verbal n. of צָג (= he stood). See צוג and first suff. ◌ָה.] ציד to feed, provide with provisions. צַֽיִד ᴵ m.n. 1 hunting. 2 game. [From צוד.] צַֽיִד ᴵᴵ m.n. food, provision. [From ציד.] צַיָּד m.n. hunter (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 16:16). [Nomen opificis, formed from צוד, after the pattern פַּעָל. cp. Aram. צַיָּדָא, Arab. ṣayyād (= hunter).] Derivative: צַיָּדוּת. צֵידָה f.n. provisions for the journey; provisions. [Formed from ציד with first suff. ◌ָה.] צִידָה f.n. PBH hunting, catching. [Verbal n. of צוּד. See צוד.] צַיָּדוּת f.n. NH huntsmanship. [Formed from צַיָּד with suff. ◌וּת.] צֵידָנִי adj. PBH flattering, deceiving; hypocrite. [Formed from עוד (= to hunt, to entice), with suff. ◌ָנִי.] צִיָּה f.n. 1 dryness, drought. 2 dry country, desert. [Related to Aram. צֽוִי א[[illegible]], Syr. צֽוִי (= was parched, was dry), Mand. צוא (= to be dry), Arab. ṣawā(y) and ṣawiya (= dried up, withered, wilted), Akka. ṣītu (= drought). For the ending of צִיָּה see first suff. ◌ָה.] Possible derivative: צִי ᴵᴵ. cp. צָיוֹן. ◌ַצְיָה FW suff. corresponding to Eng. – ation, (as in דֶּלֶגַצְיָה, ‘delegation’). [L. – ātiō, a suff. forming nouns of action.] צִיּוּד m.n. NH 1 equipping, equipment. 2 provisions, stores. 3 supply. [Verbal n. of צִיֵּד, Pi. of ציד.] צָיוֹן m.n. dry ground, desert (in the Bible occurring only Is. 25:5 and 32:2). [Related to צִיָּה.] צִיּוֹן f.n. Zion. [Of uncertain etymology. Some scholars derive it from צוה in the sense ‘to erect’ (cp. צִיּוּן). Others connect it with base צין, appearing in Arab. ṣāna (= he protected), so that צִיּוֹן would lit. mean ‘fortress, citadel’. Scholars, with reference to Syr. צֶהְיוּן (= Heb. צִיּוֹן), derive these words from base צהה or ציה; according to them the orig. meaning of צִיוֹן would be ‘bare hill’. Other scholars regard Syr. צֶהְיוּן as the older form.] Derivatives: צִיּוֹנוּת, צִיּוֹנִי. צִיּוּן m.n. 1 monument. 2 landmark, signpost. 3 gravestone. [Related to Syr. צְוָיָא (= heap of stones), Arab. ṣuwwa (= heap of stones used for road mark). These words prob. derive from base צוה in the sense ‘to erect’.] Derivative: צין. צִיּוֹנוּת f.n. NH Zionism. [Formed from צִיּוֹן with suff. ◌וּת.] צִיּוֹנִי 1 Zionist. 2 Zionistic. Derivative: צִיּוֹנִיּוּת. צִיּוֹנִיּוּת f.n. NH Zionist characteristics, Zionism. [Formed from צִיּוֹנִי with suff. ◌וּת.] צִיּוּץ m.n. NH twittering, chirping. [Verbal n. of צִיֵּץ. See ציץ.] צִיּוּר m.n. MH 1 painting. NH 2 drawing. PBH 3 figure. MH 4 (short for צִיּוּר־הַלֵּב) conception, notion, idea. [Verbal n. of צִיֵּר, Pi. of ציר ᴵ.] Derivative: צִיּוּרִי. צִיּוּרִי adj. NH 1 pictorial, picturesque. NH 2 descriptive. MH 3 figurative, imaginative. [Formed from צִיּוּר with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: צִיּוּרִיּוּת. צִיּוּרִיּוּת f.n. NH picturesqueness, descriptiveness. [Formed from צִיּוּרִי with suff. ◌וּת.] צִיּוּת m.n. MH obeying, obedience. [Verbal n. of צִיֵּת, Pi. of צית.] צִיטוֹלוֹגְיָה f.n. FW cytology (biology). [Medical L. Cytologia (= lit.: ‘study of cells’), compounded from cyto-, combining form meaning ‘pertaining to cells’, from Gk. kytos (= a hollow vessel), and Gk. - logia (see ◌לוֹגִיַה).] צִיטָט, צִיטָטָה f.n. FW citation, quotation. [L. citātus, p. part. of citāre (= to put into quick motion, excite, provoke, call urgently), from base * qi-, whence also Gk. kinein (= to move). Related to base * qieu-, whence Old I. cyávatē (= moves, goes away). cp. קִינֶטִיקָה and רֶסִיטַל. cp. also ‘cite’ in my CEDEL and words there referred to.] Derivative: צטט. צִיטְרוּס m.n. FW citrus. [L. citrus (= citron tree), from Gk. kedros (= cedar), which prob. denoted orig. ‘a tree whose wood was used for burning sacrifices’, and derives from Heb. קָטַר (= he exhaled odor, smoked). See קטר. For sense development cp. Gk. thia, name of an African tree, properly ‘a tree whose wood was burned for sacrificial purposes’, from thuein (= to sacrifice), properly ‘to cause to smoke’. See ‘cedar’ in my CEDEL and cp. ‘citron’ ibid.] צִילִינְדֶּר m.n. FW cylinder. [L. cylindrus, from Gk. kylindros (= roller, roll, cylinder), from Gk. kylindein (= to roll), which prob. derives from IE base * (s)qel- (= to bend, twist). See ‘cylinder’ in my CEDEL and cp. צִיקְלוּס.] Derivative: צִילִינְדְּרִי. צִילִינְדְּרִי adj. FW cylindrical. [Formed from צִילִינְדֶר with suff. ◌ִי.] צַיְלָן m.n. NH erroneou form of צַלְיָן. צַיְמָן m.n. PBH ascetic. [A word of uncertain meaning occurring in the Talmud in the phrase בּֽתוּלָה צַיֽמָנִית. Perhaps formed from צום (= to fast), with agential suff. ◌ָן and meaning ‘faster, ascetic’.] צין to make a note, make a mark. צִינוֹק ᴵ m.n. stocks, pillory (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 19:26). [Related to Arab. zanaqa (= he tightened, constricted), zināq (= neck-band), ṣanuqa (= was straitened), Syr. זַנְקָא (= thread). According to some scholars all these nouns are borrowed from Akka. NH צִינוֹק (= bundle) is derivatively identical with Biblical Heb. צִינוֹק (see צִינוֹק ᴵᴵ).] צִינוֹק ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH bundle. [See צִינוֹק ᴵ.] צִינִי adj. FW cynic(al). [Back formation from Gk. kynikos, an adj. formed from Kynosarges (= Cynosarges), a gymnasium near Athens. It was in this gymnasium that Antisthenes taught, whence his disciples were called kynikoi, lit. ‘of Cynosarges’. For sense development cp. סְטוֹאִי (= stoic) and אֲקָדֵמִי (= academician), which are also formed from place-names. The usual derivation of Gk. kynikos (= a cynic), from kyon (= dog), and the explanation that kynikos orig. denoted a ‘doglike’ philosopher, is erroneous. The only connection between a cynic and a dog is given by the quite incidental fact that the first element in the name Kynosarges comes from kyon (= dog). For the ending of צִינִי see suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: צִינִיּוּת. צִינִיּוּת f.n. FW cynicism. [Formed from צִינִי with suff. ◌וּת.] צִינִיזְם m.n. FW cynicism. [Fren. cynisme, from cynic. See צִינִי and suff. ◌ִיזְם.] צִינִיקָן m.n. FW cynic. [Gk. kynikos. See צִינִי.] צִינְק m.n. FW zinc (= Heb. אָבָץ). [Ger. Zink, properly the same as Zinke, Zinken (= spike, prong of a fork, jagged projection, tooth of a comb); so called because of the shape in which this metal settles in the furnace.] צִינְקוֹגְרַפְיָה f.n. FW zincography. [A hybrid coined from Ger. Zink (see צִינֽק) and Gk. – graphia (see ◌גֽרַפְיָה).] צִיסְטָה f.n. FW cyst. [Med. L. cystis, from Gk. kistis (= bladder, bag, pouch).] צִיפָה ᴵ f.n. PBH pulp (of fruit). [Aram. צִיפָא. The meaning is based on Rashi’s commentary.] צִיפָה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH flowing, floating, flotation. [Verbal n. of צָף. See צוף and first suff. ◌ָה.] ציץ ᴵ to bloom, blossom, flower. ציץ ᴵᴵ to look at, glance. ציץ ᴵᴵᴵ to twitter, chirp. ציץ ᴵⱽ to
furnish with fringes. צִיץ m.n. 1 blossom, flower. 2 a shining plate of gold. 3 ornament. 4 wing. [From ציץ ᴵ. cp. Egypt. ṣiṣi (= ornament of flowers).] Derivative: צִיצָה, prob. also צִיצִית. צִיצָה f.n. 1 blossom, flower (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 28:4 in the phrase צִיצַת נֹבֵל, ‘the fading flower’, lit. ‘the flower of what fades’). NH 2 fringe, tassel. NH 3 tuft (also in botany). [Nomen unitatis of צִיץ. For the ending see second suff. ◌ָה.] צִיצִית f.n. 1 lock of hair, forelock. 2 fringe, tassel (esp. the fringe of a garment), ‘zizith’. [Related to Aram. צִיצִיתָא, Syr. צוּצִיתָא (of s.m.), and prob. also to Arab. sīsiya (= cockscomb). These words are of uncertain etymology. According to most scholars צִיצִית is a derivative of צִיץ.] Derivative: ציץ ᴵⱽ. צַיְּצָנִי adj. NH squeaky. [Formed from צִיֵּץ, Pi. of ציץ ᴵᴵᴵ, with suff. ◌ָנִי.] צִיק m.n. PBH dish of mincemeats (occurring in the Talmud only in the phrase צִיקֵי־קְדֵרָה, a dish consisting of minced meats mixed with wine and spices). [Prob. derived from base צוק, a secondary form of יצק (= to pour).] צִיקָדָה f.n. FW Cicada (a genus of insects). [From L. cicāda (= tree cricket), which is perhaps a loan word from a Mediterranean language.] צִיקְלוֹטְרוֹן m.n. FW cyclotron. [Coined from Gk. kyklos (= circle), with the ending of electron. See צִיקְלוּס and אֶלֶקְטְרוֹן.] צִיקְלוֹן m.n. FW cyclone. [Eng. cyclone, irregularly formed from Gk. kyklos (= circle), or from kylon (= whirling round), pres. part. of kykloun (= to move in a circle, whirl round), which is a derivative of kyklos (see צִיקֽלוּס). The word cyclone was coined by H. Piddington in 1848.] צִיקְלוּס m.n. FW (pl. צִיקֽלִים) cycle. [Late L. cyclus, from Gk. kyklos (= ring, circle, wheel), from IE base * qe-qlos, reduplication of base * (s)qel–, * (s)qel– (= to bend, turn, turn round, move about). See ‘wheel’ in my CEDEL and cp. פּוֹלָרִי. cp. Also צִיקֽלוֹן and the first element in צִיקְלוֹטְרוֹן and in צִיקְלוֹפּ. cp. also צִילִינֽדֶּר.] צִיקְלוֹפּ m.n. FW Cyclops (Greek mythology). [L. Cyclōps, from Gk. kyklops, lit. ‘round-eyed’, from kyklos (= circle; see צִיקְלוּס), and ops (= eye), from IE base * ōk–, a collateral form of base * ok (= eye). See אוֹפְּטִי and cp. words there referred to.] צַיְקָן adj. & m.n. PBH stingy, miser, avaricious. [Prob. formed from צוק ᴵ (= to be narrow), in the special sense ‘to be narrow-minded’, with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: צַיְקָנוּת. צַיְקָנוּת f.n. NH stinginess, miserliness, avarice. [Formed from צַיְקָן with suff. ◌וּת.] ציר ᴵ to draw, paint. ציר ᴵᴵ to turn, revolve. [Prob. base of צַוָּאר (= neck), of צִיר ᴵᴵ (= hinge, pivot of the door), and of צִיר ᴵᴵᴵ (= pangs of childbirth). ציר ᴵᴵᴵ to act as a messenger. צִיר ᴵ m.n. 1 messenger, envoy. NH 2 minister (in diplomatic service). NH 3 member of parliament. [Prob. related to Arab. ṣāra (= he betook himself, came, went, became, attained). Several Several scholars connect צִיר ᴵ with Aram. עִיר (= angel; see עִיר ᴵᴵ).] Derivative: צִירוּת. צִיר ᴵᴵ m.n. 1 hinge, pivot of a door (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Pr. 26:14). NH 2 pole (North or South). NH 3 axle, axis. NH 4 axis (in the political sense). [Related to Aram. צִירָא, צִירְתָּא, Syr. צָיַרְתָא, Arab. ṣā’ir and, ṣiyyāra (= hinge, pivot of the door), ṣīr (= crack of the door), Akka. ṣirru (= hinge, pivot of the door). All these words prob. derive from base ציר ᴵᴵ (= to turn, revolve).] צִיר ᴵⱽ m.n. PBH juice, brine. [Together with Aram. צִירָא (of s.m.), of uncertain origin. Perhaps derived from צור ᴵ and lit. meaning ‘that which is pressed out’.] צַיָּר m.n. PBH painter, artist. [Nomen opificis formed from צִיֵּר, Pi. of ציר ᴵ. cp. Syr. צָר, צַיָּרָא (= painter).] Derivatives: צַיָּרוּת, צַיָּרִי. צֵירֶה m.n. MH (pl. צֵרִין) ‘tsere’ (Heb. grammar). [From Aram. צְרֵי, Syr. צֽרָי, צְרָיָא, צֶרְיָא (= a rending asunder, splitting, tearing, bursting, crack, rift, cleft). Prob. a loan translation of Arab. kasra, name of the vowel i, lit. ‘a breaking, breach’.] צִירוּס m.n. FW cirrus (meteorology). [From L. cirus (= lock, curl, ringlet, tuft of hair), which is of uncertain origin.] צִירוּת f.n. NH legation. [Formed from צִיר ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] צַיָּרוּת f.n. NH the art of painting. [Formed from צַיָּר with suff. ◌וּת.] צַיָּרִי adj. NH pertaining to a painter. [Formed from צַיָּר with suff. ◌ִי.] צִירָן adj. PBH watery-eyed, bleary-eyed. [Of uncertain origin; perhaps formed from צִיר ᴵⱽ (= juice), with adj. suff. ◌ָן.] צַיְּרָנוּת f.n. NH picturesqueness, descriptiveness. [Formed from צִיֵּר, Pi. of ציר ᴵ, with suff. ◌ָנוּת.] צַיְּרָנִי adj. NH picturesque, descriptive. [Formed from צִיֵּר, Pi. of ציר ᴵ, with suff. ◌ָנִי.] צִירְקוּלַצְיָה f.n. FW circulation. [From L. circulus, dimin. of circus (= ring), which is more prob. borrowed from, than cogn. with Gk. kirkos, krikos (= a ring), derivatives of IE * qri-q-, enlargement of base * qer– (= to turn, twist), whence L. curvus (= bent, curved). See ‘curve’ in my CEDEL. For the ending of צִירֽקוּלַצֽיָה see suff. ◌ַצֽיָה.] צִירְקוּלָר m.n. FW circular. [From L. circulāris (= circular). See צִירֽקוּלַצְיָה.] צִיֹּרֶת f.n. NH pattern, design. [Formed from צִיֵּר, Pi. of ציר ᴵ, with suff. ◌ֶת.] צַיְּתָן adj. & m.n. PBH 1 inquisitive. NH 2 obedient. Derivatives: צַיּֽתָנוּת, צַיּֽתָנִי. צַיְּתָנוּת f.n. NH obedience. [Formed from צַיְּתָן with suff. ◌וּת.] צַיְּתָנִי adj. NH obedient. [Formed from צַיּֽתָן with suff. ◌ִי.] צִיתָר m.n. FW cither, cithern. [L. cithara, from Gk. kithara, from Pers. sihtār. cp. גִּיטָרָה.] Derivative: צִיתָרָן. צִיתָרָן m.n. NH cither player. [Formed from צִיתָר with agential suff. ◌ָן.] צֵל m.n. (pl. צֽלָלִים) 1 shadow, shade. 2 shelter, protection. [From צלל ᴵᴵᴵ. Related to Aram. טֽלָלָא, Syr. טֶלָּלָא, Ugar. ẓl, Ethiop. ṣelālōt, Akka. ṣillu (= shadow, shade), Aram. מַטְלַלְתָּא (= shelter, hut), Ugar. mẓll (= roofing), Arab. miẓalla, maẓalla (= umbrella, parasol, sunshade). cp. צִלָּה. and the second element in פְּלַגְצֵל. cp. also צַלֽמָוֶת.] Derivatives: צְלָלִי, צֽלָלִית. צלב to hang, impale, crucify. צְלָב m.n. NH cross. [From צלב. cp. Arab. ṣalīb (= cross).] Derivatives: צְלָבוֹן, צַלְבָן. צְלָבוֹן m.n. NH crosslet. [Formed from צְלָב with dimin. suff. ◌וֹן.] צַלְבָן m.n. NH crusader. [Formed from צְלָב with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: צַלְבָנִי.] צַלְבָנִי adj. NH crusading, pertaining to the crusaders. [Formed from צַלֽבָן with suff. ◌ִי.] צלה to roast. צִלָּה f.n. PBH shadow, shade. [A secondary form of צֵל. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] צלהב to be bright, shine. צֶ׳לּוֹ m.n. FW (pl. צֶ׳לּוֹאוֹת) cello, violoncello. [It. cello, short for violoncello.] צְלוֹב m.n. PBH gallows, scaffold. [From צלב.] צָלוּב adj. PBH 1 hanged, impaled, crucified. MH 2 Jesus. [Pass. part. of צָלַב. See צלב.] צְלוֹחִית f.n. bottle, flask (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Kin. II 2:20). [Related to צַלַּחַת. cp. Aram. צְלוֹחִיתָא, Arab. ṣurāḥiyya (= bottle, flask).] צָלוּי adj. PBH roasted. [Pass. part. of צָלָה. See צלה.] צָלוּל ᴵ adj. PBH clear, lucid. [Pass. part. of צָלַל. See צלל ᴵ.] Derivative: צְלִילוּת. צָלוּל ᴵᴵ adj. MH sunk, sunken. [Pass. part. of צָלַל. See צלל ᴵ.] צִלּוּל ᴵ m.n. MH clarifying, distilling. [Verbal n. of צִלֵּל, Pi. of צלל ᴵ.] צִלּוּל ᴵᴵ m.n. MH explosion, detonation. [From צלל ᴵᴵ.] צֶלּוּלוֹאִיד m.n. FW celluloid. [Eng. celluloid, a hybrid coined by the American inventor John Wesley Hyatt (1837–1920) from cellulose (see צֶלּוּלוֹזָה) and Gk. - oeides (= like); see אִידֵאָה.] צֶלּוּלוֹזָה f.n. FW cellulose (chemistry). [Fren. cellulose, coined by the French chemist Anselme Payen (1795–1871) from L. cellula (= a small storeroom), and suff. – ose, which was soon taken over to form many other chemical terms. See ‘cellule’ and subst. suff. ‘–ose’ in my CEDEL and cp. צֶלּוּלוֹאִיד.] צִלּוּם m.n. NH the act of photographing; photography; photograph. [Coined by David Yellin (1864–1941) as the verbal n. of צִלֵּם, Pi. of צלם.] צְלוֹפָח m.n. PBH eel. [From Aram. צְלוֹפֽחָא, more correctly spelt צְלָבְחָא.] צֶלּוֹפָן m.n. FW cellophane. [A hybrid coined by the Swiss chemist Jacques E. Brandenberger (born in 1872) from the first syllable of cellulose (see צֶלּוּלוֹזָה) and the stem of Gk. phainein (= to show); see פַנְטַסְיָה.] צָלוּק adj. NH scarred, cicatrized. [Pass. part. of צָלַק. See צלק.] צְלוֹת f.n. PBH prayer. [From Aram.–Syr. צֽלוֹתָא, צֽלוֹ (= prayer), from Aram.–Syr. צְלָא (= he bowed), from BAram. צַלֵּא (= he prayed; properly ‘he bowed in prayer’), which is related to Arab. ṣalan (= middle of the back), Ethiop. ṣalawa (= he bowed), ṣalaya (= he prayed), Akka. ṣullū (= to entreat). Arab. ṣalā (= prayer) is a loan word from Aram. צֽלוֹתָא. cp. צַלֽיָן.] צלח ᴵ to succeed, prosper; to be fit; to
appear, come over. צלח ᴵᴵ to cleave, split, break through,
penetrate; to cross (a river). צָלֵֽחַ adj. MH successful, prosperous. [From צלח ᴵ.] צֵלָחָה f.n. dish, bowl (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Chron. II 35:13). [A secondary form of צַלַּחַת.] צִלְחָה f.n. MH migraine. [From Aram. צִלְחֲתָא (= pain on one side of the head, migraine), which prob. derives from צְלַח (= he cleft, split). See צלח ᴵᴵ.] צַלְחִית f.n. NH saucer. [Contraction of צַלַּחַת and dimin. suff. ◌ִית.] צַלַּֽחַת f.n. dish, bowl. [Related to Arab. ṣaḥn, Ethiop. ṣaḥl (= bowl, dish), cp. צֽלוֹחִית and צַחֲנָה ᴵᴵ. cp. also צַלְחִית. For the ending of צַלַּחַת see suff. ◌ַת.] צָלִי m.n. (pl. צְלִיִּים) roast. [From צלה.] צְלִיבָה f.n. PBH 1 hanging, crucifixion. MH 2 crucifix. MH 3 crossing. [Verbal n. of צָלַב. See צלב and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְלִיָּה f.n. PBH roasting. [Verbal n. of צָלָה. See צלה and first suff. ◌ָה.] צָלִֽיחַ adj. crossable. [Coined from צלח ᴵᴵ (= to cross), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in NH to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] צְלִיחָה f.n. MH crossing. [Verbal n. of צָלַח. See צלח ᴵᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְלִיל ᴵ m.n. 1 sound, clang (the word occurs already in the Bible according to those commentators who render צְלִיל in the phrase צֽלִיל לֶחֶם שְׂעוֹרִים (Jud. 7:13) in this sense). NH 2 tone, note. [From צלל ᴵᴵ. cp. Arab. ṣalīl (= rattle, clatter, clash).] Derivative: תַּצְלִיל. צְלִיל ᴵᴵ m.n. cake. [Of uncertain origin. According to most commentators this is the meaning of צְלִיל in Jud. 7:13 (already the Septuagint translates צְלִיל by magis, ‘cake’). Of uncertain origin. According to ReDaK derived from צלה.] צְלִילָה f.n. MH MH 1 sinking, plunging. NH 2 diving. [Verbal n. of צָלַל. See צלל ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְלִילוּת f.n. MH clearness, clarity. [Formed from צָלוּל ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] צְלִילִי adj. MH resonant. [Formed from צְלִיל ᴵ with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: צְלִילִיּוּת. צְלִילִיּוּת f.n. NH resonance. [Formed from צְלִילִי with suff. ◌וּת.] צַלְיָן m.n. PBH 1 one given wholly to prayer. NH 2 pilgrim (applied to a Gentile). [Aram., from צַלֵּא (= he prayed), Pa’el of צֽחַא. See צֽלוֹת and agential suff. ◌ָן.] צֶ׳לִּיסְט m.n. FW cellist. [Formed from צֶ׳לּוֹ with suff. ◌ִיסְט.] צְלִיעָה f.n. MH halting, limping. [Verbal n. of צָלַע. See צלע ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְלִיף m.n. NH whiplash. [From צלף.] צְלִיפָה f.n. NH 1 whipping, lashing. 2 sniping. [Verbal n. of צָלַף. See צלף and first suff. ◌ָה.] צלל ᴵ to sink, plunge; to settle; to clear,
clarify. צלל ᴵᴵ to tingle, quiver. צלל ᴵᴵᴵ to be or grow dark. צְלָלִי adj. MH shady, shadowy. [Formed from צֵל (= shadow, shade), pl. צְלָלִים, with suff. ◌ִי.] צְלָלִית f.n. NH silhouette. [Formed from צֵל (= shadow, shade), pl. צְלָלִים, with suff. ◌ִית.] צֶֽלֶם m.n. 1 image. 2 idol. 3 semblance. NH 3 cross. [Orig. prob. meaning ‘something cut off’ (for sense development cp. פֶּסֶל, ‘carved image’, from פסל, ‘to carve’), and Arab. ṣalama (= he cut off). cp. OAram. צלמא, Aram.–Syr. צַלֽמָא, Mand. צילמא (= image, figure, form), Akka. ṣalmu (= image). Arab. ṣanam (= idol, image) owes its form to dissimilation.] Derivatives: צלם ᴵ, צַלְמִית. צלם ᴵ to photograph. צלם ᴵᴵ to be dark. [Arab. ẓalima, Ethiop. ṣalma (= was dark). Base of צַלְמוֹן, possibly also of צַלְמָוֶת.] צַלָּם m.n. NH photographer. [Coined by David Yellin (1864–1941) as nomen opificis from the verb צִלֵּם, Pi. of צלם.] צַלְמוֹן m.n. MH darkness (in the Bible occurring only as the name of a mountain, Jud. 9:41, and Ps. 68:15). [Formed from צלם ᴵᴵ with ◌וֹן, suff. Forming abstract nouns.] צַלְמָֽוֶת m.n. great darkness. [According to the traditional pronunciation the word is regarded as compounded of צֵל and מָוֶת, hence lit. means ‘shadow of death’. However, most modern scholars read צַלְמוּת and derive the word from צלם ᴵᴵ.] צַלְמִית f.n. NH figurine. [Formed from צֶלֶם with dimin. suff. ◌ִית.] צַלְמָנֽוֹעַ m.n. NH movie camera. [Formed from צלם (= to photograph), and מָנוֹעַ (= motor).] צַלְמָנִיָּה f.n. NH photographer’s studio. [Alteration of צַלֽמוֹנִיָּה, which was coined by David Yellin (1864–1941) from צלם (= to photograph), to render ‘camera’. For the ending of צַלֽמָנִיָּה see suff. ◌ִיָּה.] צֶ׳לָן m.n. NH cellist. [Formed from צֶ׳לּוֹ (= cello) with suff. ◌ָן.] צלע ᴵ to limp, halt. צלע ᴵᴵ to enclose by ribs. צֵלָֽע f.n. (pl. צְלָעוֹת, also צְלָעִים) 1 rib. 2 slope of a mountain. 3 side. 4 side chamber. 5 leaf of a folding door. 6 plank, board, beam. MH 7 hemistich. MH 8 side (geometry). [Related to BAram. עֲלַע (pl. עִלְעִין), JAram. עִלְעָא, Syr. אֶלֽעָא (the change of the ע to א is due to dissimilation), Arab. ḍila‘, ḍil‘, Akka. ṣēlu (= rib). The orig. meaning of these words was ‘something curved’; cp. Arab. ḍali‘a (= was bent, was curved), ḍali‘ (= curved).] Derivatives: צלע ᴵᴵ, צַלְעָה, צַלְעוֹן, צַלְעִית ᴵ, צַלְעִית ᴵᴵ. צֶֽלַע m.n. stumbling, fall, calamity. [From צלע ᴵ.] צַלְעָה f.n. PBH 1 rib. 2 (fig.) woman. [Formed from צֵלָע (= rib), with first suff. ◌ָה.] צַלְעוֹן m.n. NH polygon. [Formed from צֵלָע with suff. ◌וֹן.] צַלְעִית ᴵ f.n. MH half a line of a verse; hemistich. [Formed from צֵלָע (= rib, side; hemistich), with subst. suff. ◌ִית.] צַלְעִית ᴵᴵ f.n. NH chop, cutlet. [Formed from צֵלָע with suff. ◌ִית.] צלף to beat with the hand, whip; to lash,
scourge; to snipe. צָלָף m.n. PBH caperbush (in the Bible the word occurs only as a m. private name (Neh. 3:30). [Prob. derived from base צלף in its orig. sense ‘to cleave, split’, and is so called in allusion to the cracking of the fruit.] צַלָּף m.n. NH sniper, marksman. [Nomen opificis formed from צלף.] Derivative: צַלָּפוּת. צַלָּפוּת f.n. NH sniping, marksmanship. [Formed from צַלָּף with suff. ◌וּת.] צִלְצוּל m.n. PBH 1 ringing, tinkling. MH 2 musical note. PBH 3 name of an ancient musical instrument (cp. צִלְצָל). [Verbal n. of צִלֽצֵל.] צִלְצוֹל m.n. PBH girdle (for women), bandage. [Together with Aram. צִלְצוֹלָא of uncertain origin.] צלצל to ring. צִלְצָל m.n. harpoon. (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 40:31 in the phrase צִלֽצַל־דָּגִים, ‘fishing spear, harpoon’). [Prob. derived from צלל ᴵᴵ and lit. meaning ‘that which whizzes’.] צְלָצַל m.n. (pl. צִלְצָלִים) a species of locust, cricket (Deut. 28:42). [According to most commentators the same word appears in the phrase אֶרֶץ צִלֽצַל כּֽנָפַיִם (Is. 18:1) which accordingly means ‘the land of the winged locusts’. The word prob. derives from צלל ᴵᴵ and lit. means ‘the whirring insect’. cp. Syr. צֶצְרָא, צַרְצּוֹרָא, Arab. ṣarṣar, ṣarṣūr, Akka. ṣarṣaru. cp. also צוֹצֵל and צַרֽצוּר ᴵᴵ.] צֶלְצָל, צִלְצָל m.n. cymbal, castanets (in the Bible occurring only in the pl. צִלֽצְלֵי־שָׁמַע, צִלֽצֽלֵי־תֽרוּעָה, ‘loud-sounding cymbals’. [Formed from צלל ᴵᴵ, whence also JAram. צֶלְצֽלָא, Syr. צֶצְּלָא, צִיצְלָא (= cymbal).] צַלְצְלָן m.n. NH bell ringer. [Formed from צִלֽצֵל with agential suff. ◌ָן.] צַלְצְלָנִי adj. NH ringing, resounding, loud. [Formed from צִלְצֵל with suff. ◌ָנִי.] צַלְצֶֽלֶת f.n. NH ringer (telephone). [Formed from צִלֽצֵל with suff. ◌ֶת.] צלק to scar, cicatrize. צֶֽלֶק m.n. NH scar, cicatrix. [From צלק.] צַלֶּֽקֶת f.n. PBH scar, cicatrix. [From צלק. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.] צַלַ״שׁ m.n. NH commendation, mentioning in despatches. [Abbr. of צִיּוּן לְשֶׁבַח (of s.m.).] צָם intr. v. he fasted. [See צום.] צמא to thirst, be thirsty. צָמֵא adj. thirsty. [From צמא.] צָמָא m.n. thirst. [From צמא.] צִמְאָה f.n. thirst (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 2:25). [Formed from צמא with first suff. ◌ָה.] צִמָּאוֹן m.n. 1 thirsty ground, arid land (in the Bible occurring only Deut. 8:15, Is. 35:7 and Ps. 107:33. PBH 2 thirst. [Formed from צמא with suff. ◌וֹן.] צֶ׳מְבָּלוֹ m.n. FW (pl. צֶ׳מְבָּלוֹאוֹת) cembalo. [It. cembalo, from L. cymbalum, from Gk. kymbalon, from kymbe (= the hollow of a vessel, cup, boat), from IE base * qumb- (= to bend, curve).] צֶ׳מְבָּלוֹן m.n. FW cembalo player. [Formed from צֶ׳מְבָּלוֹ with agential suff. ◌וֹן.] צֶֽמֶג m.n. MH gum, India rubber, caoutchouc. [Borrowed from Arab. ṣamgh (= gum, resin).] Derivatives: צמג, צָמֹג, צֽמִיג, צָמִיג. צמג to make sticky. צְמַגְמַג adj. NH somewhat sticky, somewhat viscous. [Formed from צָמֹג (= sticky), on the analogy of יְרַקְרַק (= greenish) from יָרֹק (= green), and אֲדַמְדַּא (= reddish) from אָדֹם (= red).] צמד to join, couple. צֶֽמֶד m.n. 1 couple, pair. 2 a measure of land. [From צמד.] Derivatives: צִמֽדָּה, תַּצְמִיד. צִמְדָּה f.n. NH duet. [Formed from צֶמֶד with first suff. ◌ָה.] צַמָּה f.n. 1 lock, plait. 2 woman’s veil. [Formed from base צמם with first suff. ◌ָה.] צָמוּד adj. PBH joined, attached, fastened. [Pass. part. of צָמַד. See צמד.] Derivative: צֽמִידוּת. צִמּוּד m.n. NH 1 coupling, pairing. 2 use of homonyms. [Verbal n. of צִמֵּד, Pi. of צמד.] צִמּֽוּחַ m.n. PBH sprouting, growth. [Verbal n. of צִמַּח, Pi. of צמח.] צָמוּק adj. PBH shriveled, dry. [Pass. part. of צָמַק. See צמק.] צִמּוּק m.n. 1 raisin. 2 shriveling. [From צמק, whence also Aram. צִמּוּקָא (= raisin), Ugar. ṣmqm (= raisins).] צמח to sprout, spring up, grow. צֶֽמַח m.n. (pl. צְמָחִים, also צֽמָחוֹת) 1 plant, sprout, growth. 2 name of the Messiah. PBH 3 swelling, ulcer. [From צמח.] Derivatives: צִמְחָה, צִמֽחוֹנוּת, צִמְחוֹנִי, צִמְחִי, צִמֽחִיָּה. צִמֵּֽחַ m.n. PBH one with small ears. [Prob. related to Arab. ṣimāḫ (= ear; auditory meatus). cp. צִמֵּעַ.] צִמְחָה f.n. MH plant, sprout, growth. [Formed from צֶמַח with first suff. ◌ָה.] צִמְחוֹן m.n. PBH green plant, sprout. [Formed from צמח with suff. ◌וֹן.] צִמְחוֹנוֹת f.n. NH vegetarianism. [Formed from צֶמַח with suff. ◌וֹנוּת.] צִמֽחוֹנִי adj. vegetarian. [Formed from צֶמַח with suff. ◌וֹנִי.] Derivative: צִמְחוֹנִיָּה. צִמְחוֹנִיָּה f.n. NH vegetarian restaurant. [Formed from צִמֽחוֹנִי with suff. ◌ִיָּה.] צִמְחַי m.n. NH zoophyte. [Contraction of צֶמַח (= plant) and חַי (= living).] צִמְחִי adj. MH pertaining to plants. [Formed from צֶמַח with suff. ◌ִי.] צִמְחִיָּה f.n. NH flora. [Formed from צֶמַח with suff. ◌ִיָּה.] צְמִיאָה f.n. MH thirsting, being thirsty. [Verbal n. of צָמֵא (= thirsted, was thirsty). See צמא and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְמִיג m.n. NH rubber tire. [From צֶמֶג.] צָמִיג adj. NH sticky, adhesive. [Coined from צמג (= to make sticky), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in NH to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivatives: צְמִיגוּת, צֽמִיגִי. צְמִיגוּת f.n. NH adhesiveness. [Formed from צָמִיג with suff. ◌וּת.] צְמִיגִי adj. NH sticky, adhesive. [Formed from צָמִיג with suff. ◌ִי.] צָמִיד ᴵ m.n. bracelet. [From צמד. The word properly means ‘that which is bound on the wrist’.] צָמִיד ᴵᴵ a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Num. 19:15, and prob. meaning ‘cover, lid’, or ‘cork, stopper’. [Prob. related to Arab. ṣimād (= plug, cork, stopper), which derives from ṣamada (= he bound), hence derivatively identical with צָמִיד ᴵ. cp. צְמִידָה.] צָמִיד ᴵᴵᴵ adj. PBH joined, attached, coupled. [From צמד.] צְמִידָה f.n. MH cover, lid. [A secondary form of צָמִיד ᴵᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ה.] צְמִידוּת f.n. NH 1 joining, coupling. 2 dependence. [Formed from צָמוּד with suff. ◌ָה.] צְמִיחָה f.n. PBH sprouting, springing up, growth. [Verbal n. of צָמַח. See צמח and first suff. ◌ָה.] צַמִּים m.n. pl. a word occurring Job. 5:5 and 18:9, and prob. meaning ‘snare, trap’. [Prob. a derivative of base צמם.] צְמִיקָה f.n. NH drying up, shriveling. [Verbal n. of צָמַק. See צמק and first suff. ◌ָה.] צָמִיר adj. NH covered with wool, woolly. [From צֶמֶר.] צָמִית adj. PBH final, perpetual. [From צמת ᴵ.] צְמִיתָה f.n. MH extermination, destruction. [Verbal n. of צָמַת. See צמת ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְמִיתוּת f.n. completion, finality. [From צמת ᴵ. For the ending see suff. ◌וּת.] Derivative: צמת ᴵᴵᴵ. צֶֽמֶל m.n. PBH a ripe fig, whence (fig.) a mature maid. [Related to Arab. ṣamala (= was hard and strong).] צמם to press, draw together. Whence צִמְצֵם (= he pressed); see צמצם. [Base of צַמָּה, צַמִּים. cp. Arab. ḍamma (= he drew together), or ṣamma (= he bandaged a wound).] צִמֵּם adj. PBH one whose ears resemble a sponge. [Related to Syr. צַמָּא (= deaf-mute), Arab. ṣamma (= became deaf), ’asammu (= deaf).] צִמְנוּט m.n. NH cementing. [Verbal n. of צִמְנֵט. See צמנט.] צֶמֶנְט m.n. FW cement. [From L. caementum (= rough stone, stone chippings), which stands for * caid(s) mentom, from caedere (= to cut, hew, lop). See צֶזוּרָה and suff. ◌מֶנְט.] Derivative: צמנט. צמנט to cement. צִמֵּֽעַ adj. PBH one with small ears. [A secondary form of צִמֵּחַ.] צִמְצוּם m.n. MH 1 compressing, condensing, contraction. NH 2 restriction, reduction, limitation. [Verbal n. of צִמְצֵם (see צמצם), coined by Rashi (1040–1105).] צמצם to press, reduce, contract. צַמְצָם m.n. NH restricter, shutter. [From צִמְצֵם.] צמק to be dry, shrink, shrivel. צֶֽמֶק m.n. PBH dried fruit. [From צמק.] צֶֽמֶר m.n. 1 wool. PBH 2 animal hair. [Related to BAram. עֲמַר, Aram. עֲמַר, Syr. עֶמְרָא, Mand. אקאמר, Ethiop. ḍamr (= wool).] Derivatives: צַמָּר, צַמְרוֹן, צַמֽרִי, צַמְרָנִי, צַמֽרָנִית. צַמָּר m.n. PBH wool merchant, wool worker. [Nomen opificis formed from צֶמֶר.] צמר to cause fever, throw into fever; to
fire, animate, inspire. צַמְרוֹן m.n. NH poodle. [Formed from צֶמֶר (= wool) with suff. ◌וֹן, and so called in allusion to its curly hair.] צַמְרִי adj. NH woolly. [Formed from צֶמֶר with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: צַמֽרִיּוּת. צַמְרִיּוּת f.n. NH woolliness. [Formed from צַמְרִי with suff. ◌ִית.] צְמַרְמַר adj. NH one who feels feverish. [Back formation from צְמַרְמֹרֶת.] צְמַרְמֹֽרֶת f.n. PBH feverish, flush, shivers. [From JAram. צְמַרְמוּרִין (of s.m.), which derives from צְמַרְמַר (= he felt shivers, shuddered), Pel‘al of צְמַר (of s.m.).] צַמְרָנִי adj. NH woolly. [Formed from צֶמֶר with suff. ◌ָנִי. cp. צַמְרָנִית.] צַמְרָנִית f.n. NH Phagnalon (a genus of plants). [Formed from צֶמֶר with suff. ◌ָנִית.] צמרר to make someone shiver. צַמֶּֽרֶת f.n. 1 treetop. NH 2 top level. NH 3 leadership. [Of uncertain etymology; perhaps related to ṣumr (= the topmost). For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.] צמת ᴵ to put an end to, exterminate, destroy. צמת ᴵᴵ to join, attach; to contract. צמת ᴵᴵᴵ to assign in perpetuity. צֶֽמֶת m.n. MH destruction, extermination. [From צמת ᴵ.] צֹֽמֶת m.n. (pl. צֽמָתִים) PBH 1 junction, juncture. NH 2 (short for צֹמֶת־דְּרָכִים) crossroads. [From צמת ᴵᴵ.] צֵן m.n. (pl. צִנִּים) thorn (occurring in the Bible only Pr. 22:5, possibly also Job 5:5, in the pl.). [From צנן ᴵ. cp. צְנִינִים. cp. also צַנָּא.] צַנָּא m.n. PBH basket. [Aram., possibly meaning orig. ‘a basket made of thorns’, and related to צֵן and צְנִינִים. The correct pronunciation of the word is prob. צִנָּא. cp. Arab. ṣinn, which is borrowed from this word. cp. also צִנָּה ᴵᴵᴵ.] צִנָּה ᴵ f.n. (pl. צִנּוֹת, also צִנִּים) coolness, cold (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Pr. 25:13). [From צנן ᴵᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] צִנָּה ᴵᴵ f.n. 1 a large shield (covering the whole body). 2 a protective wall. NH 3 barrel shield of a revolver. [Derived from base צנן, which prob. means ‘to preserve, keep’, and possibly related to Arab. ṣāna (= he preserved, kept).] צִנָּה ᴵᴵᴵ f.n. fishing hook (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Amos 4:2 in the pl.). [Of uncertain origin. Perhaps properly meaning ‘large basket’, and related to Aram. צַנָּא (= basket) (q.v.).] צֹנֶה m.n. sheep (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 8:8). [Prob. formed from צֹאן with the collective suff. ◌ֶה. cp. אַרֽבֶּה (= locust).] צְנוֹבָר m.n. NH 1 pine. 2 cone. [Arab. ṣanaubar (= stone pine; Pinus pinea).] צָנוּם adj. dried up, parched (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Gen. 41:22 in the f. pl.). [Pass. part. See צנם.] Derivatives: צְנִימוּת, צְנַמְנַם. צִנּוּם m.n. NH dehydration. [From צנם.] צָנוּן adj. MH cool, cold. [Pass. part. of צָנַן. See צנן ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: צְנִינוּת. צִנּוּן m.n. MH cooling. [Verbal n. of צִנֵּן, Pi. of צנן ᴵᴵ.] צְנוֹן m.n. PBH radish. [Prob. so called because of its bad odor and related to Arab. ṣunān (= bad odor).] Derivative: צֽנוֹנִית. צְנוֹנִית f.n. NH a kind of small radish. [Formed from צְנוֹן with dimin. suff. ◌ִית.] צָנֽוּעַ adj. 1 meek, modest, humble (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Pr. 11:2 in the pl.). PBH 2 chaste, decent. PBH 3 hidden. NH 4 small. [From צנע.] Derivative: צְנוּעֲתָן. צְנוּעֲתָן m.n. NH an overmodest person. [Formed from צָנוּעַ with suff. ◌תָן.] Derivatives: צְנוּעֲתָנוּת, צֽנוּעֲתָנִי. צְנוּעֲתָנוּת f.n. NH overmodesty. [Formed from צְנוּעֲתָן with suff. ◌וּת.] צְנוּעֲתָנִי adj. NH overmodest. [Formed from צֽנוּעֲתָן with suff. ◌ִי.] צָנוּף adj. MH turbaned. [Pass. part. of צָנַף. See צנף.] צִנּוֹק see צִינוֹק. צִנּוֹר ᴵ m.n. (pl. צִנּוֹרִים, also צִנּוֹרוֹת) 1 spout, waterjet. PBH 2 conduit, canal. PBH 3 pipe. (In the Bible the word occurs only Sam. II 5:8 and Ps. 42:8 and its meaning in these passages is much disputed). [Of uncertain origin. Aram. צִנּוֹרָא (= pipe; spout, waterjet), is prob. a Heb. loan word. cp. צִנּוֹרָה ᴵ and צַנְתֵּר.] Derivatives: צִנּוֹרִי, צנר, צַנָּר, צַנֶּרֶת, perhaps also צַנְתֵּר. צִנּוֹר ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH 1 door socket. 2 fork. [Related to Aram. צִנּוֹרָא (= hook), Arab. sinnāra, ṣinnār (= hook, fishhook). cp. צִנּוֹרָה ᴵᴵ.] צִנּוּר m.n. NH tubing, tubage, tubulation. [From צִנּוֹר ᴵ.] צִנּוֹרָה ᴵ f.n. PBH waterjet. [Formed from צִנּוֹר ᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] צִנּוֹרָה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH 1 knitting needle. 2 hook. [Related to Aram. צִנּוֹרָא (= hook). See צִנּוֹר ᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: צִנּוֹרִית, צְנִירָה. צִנּוֹרִי adj. NH pipelike, tubular. [Formed from צִנּוֹר ᴵ with suff. ◌ִי.] צִנּוֹרִית f.n. NH knitting needle. [Formed from צִנּוֹרָה ᴵᴵ with dimin. suff. ◌ִית.] צֶנְזוֹר m.n. FW censor. [L. cēnsor, from cēnsēre (= to reckon, assess, estimate, value, deem, judge). cp. צֶנֽזוֹרָה.] Derivative: צנזר. צֶנְזוּרָה f.n. FW censorhip. [L. cēnsūra (= judgment, criticism), from cēnsus, p. part. of cēnsēre. See צֶנְזוֹר. For the ending of L. cēnsūra see suff. ‘–ure’ in my CEDEL.] צנזר to censor. צנח to drop, slip off; to go down, descend;
to parachute. צַנְחָן m.n. NH parachutist. [Coined from צנח with agential suff. ◌ָן.] צַנְחָנוּת f.n. NH parachuting, parachute. [Formed from צַנְחָן with suff. ◌וּת.] צֶנְטְרִיפוּגָלִי adj. FW centrifugal. [From Modern L. centrifugus (= fleeing from the center), which was coined by Sir Isaac Newton from L. centrum (= center), and fugere (= to flee from). See צֶנְטְרָלִיזְם and פוּגָה.] צֶנְטְרִיפֶּטָלִי adj. FW centripetal. [From Modern L. centripetus (= tending toward the center), which was coined by Sir Isaac Newton from L. centrum (= center), and petere (= to fall upon, move toward, seek). See צֶנְטֽרָלִיזְם and פֶּטִיצֽיָה.] צֶנְטְרָלִיזְם m.n. FW centralism. [Formed with suff. ◌ִיזֽם from L. centrālis (= pertaining to a center), from centrum (= center), from Gk. kentron (= point, prickle, spike, ox goad, point round which a circle is described), from the stem of kentein (= to prick, goad), from IE base * k̂ent- (= to prick). cp. אֶקְסֽצֶנֽטֽרִי, דֶּצֶנְטֽרָלִיזַצְיָה, פּֽרוֹצֶנֽט, קוֹנֽטוֹס, קנטר, קנתר. cp. also ‘center’ and ‘central’ in my CEDEL.] צֶנְטְרָלִיזַצְיָה f.n. FW centralization. [See צֶנְטְרָלִיזִם and suff. ◌ַצְיָה.] צְנִיחָה m.n. NH parachuting, parachute jump. [Verbal n. of צָנַח. See צנח and first suff. ◌ָה.] צָנִים m.n. NH rusk, biscuit. [From צנם.] Derivative: צְנִימִית. צְנִימוּת f.n. NH dryness, parchedness. [Formed from צָנוּם with suff. ◌וּת.] צְנִימִית f.n. NH a small rusk. [Formed from צָנִים with dimin. suff. ◌ִית.] צָנִין m.n. thorn, prick (in the Bible occurring only Num. 33:55 and Josh. 23:13, in the pl.). [From צנן ᴵ. cp. צֵן.] צְנִינוּת f.n. MH 1 coolness, coldness. NH 2 indifference. [Formed from צָנוּן with suff. ◌וּת.] צְנִיעוּת f.n. PBH 1 meekness, modesty, humility. 2 chastity, decency. [Formed from צָנוּעַ with suff. ◌וּת. cp. Aram. צֽנִיעוּתָא (= modesty, discretion, chastity), Syr. צְנִיעוּתָא (= prudence, shyness).] צָנִיף m.n. (pl. צְנִיפִים, also צֽנִיפוֹת) headdress, turban. [From צנף. cp. צְנִיפָה.] צְנִיפָה f.n. MH neighing. [Verbal n. of צָנַף. See צנף ᴵᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְנִירָה f.n. NH knitting. [From צִנּוֹרָה ᴵᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] צִנִּית f.n. PBH gout, podagra. [Of uncertain origin.] צנם to dry, shrivel, shrink. צִנָּמוֹן m.n. MH dryness, leanness. [Formed from צנם, with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] צְנַמְנַם adj. NH slightly, lean. [Formed from צָנוּם (= dried up, parched, lean), through reduplication of the second and third radical. For the form cp. סְגַלְגַּל (= round, oval), which derives from base סגל, and עֲגַלֽגַּל (= round, oval), a derivative of base עגל.] צנן ᴵ base of צֵן and צָנִין (q.v.), possibly also of JAram. צַנָּא (q.v.). [Some scholars compare New Syr. ṣurṣīnā (= thistle). cp. Egypt. ṣa-n-na (= shaggy hair).] צנן ᴵᴵ to be cold. צֶֽנֶן m.n. NH cold. [From צנן ᴵᴵ.] צנע to be modest, be humble; to restrain; to
reserve, preserve. צֶֽנַע m.n. NH austerity, simplicity. [Coined from צנע.] צִנְעָה f.n. secrecy, privacy. [From Aram. צִנְעָא (= secrecy), from צְנַע (= he reserved). See צנע.] צנף ᴵ to wrap, wind round. צנף ᴵᴵ to neigh. צֶֽנֶף m.n. MH neighing. [From צנף ᴵᴵ.] צְנֵפָה f.n. 1 wrapping, winding round, enveloping (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 22:18). [Formed from צנף ᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] צְנָפָה f.n. NH neighing. [Formed from צנף ᴵᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] צִנְצֶֽנֶת f.n. flask, jar (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ex. 16:33). [The word prob. meant orig. ‘receptacle’ and is related to Aram. צַנָּא (= basket).] צנר to lead through a pipe, to provide with a
pipe or pipes. צַנָּר m.n. NH pipe maker. [Nomen opificis formed from צִנּוֹר ᴵ.] צַנֶּֽרֶת f.n. NH piping, pipe system. [From צִנּוֹר ᴵ. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.] צִנְתּוּר m.n. NH catheterization. [Verbal n. of צִנְתֵּר, Pi. of צנתר.] צנתר to catheterize. צַנְתֵּר m.n. pipe, tube (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Zech. 4:12). [Perhaps derived from צִנּוֹר ᴵ through the insertion of a ת. cp. צַנְתְּרָא. See צנתר.] צַנְתְּרָא m.n. MH pipe, tube. [Aram., borrowed from Heb. צַנֽתֵּר (q.v.).] צעד to step, march. צַֽעַד m.n. step, pace. [From צעד.] צְעָדָה ᴵ f.n. marching (in the Bible occurring only Sam. II 5:24 and Chron. I 14:15). [Formed from צעד with first suff. ◌ָה.] צְעָדָה ᴵᴵ f.n. anklet, armlet (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 3:20 in the pl.). [Prob. derived from צעד and lit. meaning ‘step-chains’, hence derivatively identical with the collateral form אֶצֽעָדָה.] צעה to stoop, bend, incline. צְעוּדָה f.n. NH march (music). [From צעד.] צָעוּף adj. veiled. [From צעף ᴵᴵ.] צְעִידָה f.n. PBH stepping, marching. [Verbal n. of צָעַד. See צעד and first suff. ◌ָה.] צָעִיף m.n. 1 veil (in the Bible occurring only Gen. 24:65; 38:14 and 19). NH 2 mask. NH 3 scarf. [Derived from צעף ᴵ and lit. meaning ‘a double or folded thing’. cp. Aram. עֵיפָא (= veil).] צָעִיר adj. & m.n. 1 young, junior; young man, youngster. 2 boy, youth. 3 (short for צְעִיר־הַצֹּאן) shepherd’s apprentice. [From צער ᴵ. cp. Ugar. ṣgr, Arab. ṣaghīr (= small). cp. also זֽעִיר (= small, little).] Derivatives: צֽעִירָה ᴵ, צֽעִירוֹן, צֽעִירוּת. צְעִירָה ᴵ f.n. young girl. [f. of צָעִיר. For the ending see first suff. ◌ה.] צְעִירָה ᴵᴵ f.n. youthfulness. [Formed from צער ᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ה.] צְעִירוֹן m.n. NH youngster, young man. [Formed from צָעִיר with dimin. suff. ◌וֹן.] צְעִירוּת f.n. MH youth, youthfulness. [Formed from צָעִיר with suff. ◌וּת.] צען to wander, migrate. צעף ᴵ to double, fold. [Base of צָעִיף. Arab. ḍa‘afa (= he doubled), Ethiop. ‘aṣafa (= he folded together, doubled), Akka. eṣēpu (= to join together, double), Aram.–Syr. עוּף (= to double, fold), Syr. אַעֽפָא (= double). See the introductory entry to letter צ.] צעף ᴵᴵ to veil. צַעֲצֽוּעַ m.n. 1 image work, carving (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Chron. II 3:10 in the pl.). NH 2 toy. [Prob. related to Arab. ṣāgha (= he formed or fashioned by melting).] Derivative: צעצע. צעצע to adorn, ornament. צעק to cry, cry out, shout. צַֽעַק m.n. MH cry, outcry. [From צעק.] צְעָקָה f.n. 1 cry, outcry. 2 cry of distress. PBH 3 prayer. [Formed from צעק with first suff. ◌ָה.] צַעֲקָן m.n. MH shouter, a noisy person. [Formed from צעק with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: צַעֲקָנוּת, צַעֲקָנִי. צַעֲקָנוּת f.n. NH shouting, tendency to shout, noisiness, vociferousness. [Formed from צַעֲקָן with suff. ◌וּת.] צַעֲקָנִי adj. NH noisy, vociferous. [Formed from צַעֲקָן with suff. ◌ִי.] צער ᴵ to be small, be insignificant. צער ᴵᴵ to cause pain, grieve, annoy, trouble. צַֽעַר m.n. PBH 1 pain, ache, grief, suffering. 2 compensation (for suffering). [From צער ᴵᴵ, whence also Aram. צַעֲרָא. See צַעֲרָא.] צַעֲרָא m.n. PBH pain, ache, grief, suffering. [Aram. See צַעַר.] צָף ᴵ intr. v. it floated, flowed. [See צוף.] צָף ᴵᴵ m.n. float, buoy. [From צוף.] צפד to contract, shrink, shrivel. צִפָּדוֹן m.n. NH scurvy. [Formed from צפד, with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns. See צַפֽדִינָה.] צַפְדִּינָה f.n. PBH scurvy (disease). [From Aram. צַפֽדִּינָא, which is prob. formed from צפד (= to contract). cp. צִפָּדוֹן.] צַפֶּֽדֶת f.n. NH tetanus (disease). [Formed from צפד (= to draw together, contract), according to the pattern פַּעָלֶת serving to form names of diseases. See אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.] צפה ᴵ to look, observe, to keep watch, to
foresee, expect. צפה ᴵᴵ to lay out, lay over. צִפָּה f.n. NH cover. [From צִפָּה (= he laid over), Pi. of צפה ᴵᴵ.] צָפוּד adj. NH contracted, shriveled. [Pass. part. of צָפַד. See צפד.] צָפוּי adj. PBH foreseen, expected, anticipated. [Pass. part. of צָפָה. See צפה ᴵ.] צִפּוּי ᴵ m.n. covering, overlaying, coating, plating. [Verbal n. of צִפָּה, Pi. of צפה ᴵᴵ.] צִפּוּי ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH looking forward, hope, expectation. [Verbal n. of צִפָּה, Pi. of צפה ᴵ.] צָפוֹן m.n. 1 north. 2 north wind. [Related to JAram. צִפּוּנָא, Ugar. ṣpn (= north). Prob. derived from צפן and lit. meaning ‘the hidden or dark region’. Several scholars derive צָפוֹן from צוף (= to swim), so that צָפוֹן would properly mean ‘the maritime land’.] Derivatives: צִפּוּן, צְפוֹנִי, מַצְפֵּן. צָפוּן adj. hidden, concealed. [Pass. part. of צָפַן. See צפן.] צִפּוּן m.n. NH direction toward north. [From צָפוֹן.] צְפוֹנִי adj. north, northern (in the Bible occurring only Joel 2:20, where הַצְּפוֹנִי refers to the locust coming from the north). [Formed from צָפוֹן with suff. ◌ִי.] צָפוּף adj. PBH pressed, crowded, dense. [Pass. part. of צָפַף. See צפף.] Derivative: צֽפִיפוּת. צִפּוּף m.n. NH 1 pressing, crowding. 2 overcrowding, density. [Verbal n. of צִפֵּף, Pi. of צפף.] צִפּוֹר ᴵ f.n. (also צִפֹּר; pl. צִפֳּרִים) 1 bird, fowl; PBH 2 (fig.) bubble. [Related to Aram. צִפַּר, Syr. צֶפַּר, Ugar. ‘ṣr, Arab. ‘uṣfur, Akka. iṣṣūru (= bird). These nouns derive from צפר ᴵ, meaning ‘the chirping or twittering animal’.] צִפּוֹר ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH occurring in the Talmud, only in the phrase צִפּוֹר־נֶפֶשׁ, meaning 1 windpipe or cartilage at the end of the sternum, whence, fig., 2 the most vital part, pupil of the eye, one’s greatest treasure. צִפּוֹרָה, צִפֹּרָה f.n. NH little bird, birdie (in the Bible occurring only as the name of the wife of Moses). [Formed from צִפּוֹר ᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] צפח to make wide, make broad. [Arab. ṣafaḥa (= he made wide, made broad), ṣafīḥa (= plate, sheet of metal, slab; lit.: ‘anything broad’), Syr. צֽפִיחְתָּא (= plate, sheet of metal), Ethiop. safḥa (= he spread out, extended). [Base of צַפַּחַת ᴵ, צַפַּחַת ᴵᴵ, and of צַפִּיחִית. cp. צִפְחָה.] צִפְחָה f.n. NH slate (material). [From Arab. ṣafīḥa (= plate, sheet of metal, slab; lit.: ‘anything broad’). See צפח.] צַפַּֽחַת ᴵ f.n. flat flask, flat jug. [From צפח. For the ending see suff. ◌ַת. cp. Syr. צֽפָחָא (= plate, dish), and Arab. ṣaḥfa (metathesis), Ethiop. ṣaḥf (= bowl, dish, platter). cp. also the orig. Arab. form ṣafḥa.] צַפַּֽחַת ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH flat cake, wafer. [Lit.: ‘something wide’, whence derivatively identical with צַפַּחַת ᴵ. For sense cp. צַפִּיחִית.] צָפִיד adj. NH stiff, rigid. [From צפד.] צִפִּיָּה ᴵ f.n. outlook, hope, expectation (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Lam. 4:17). [From צִפָּה (= he looked forward to, hoped for, expected), Pi. of צפה ᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] צִפִּיָּה ᴵᴵ f.n. NH pillowcase. [A collateral form of צִפִּית (q.v.). For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] צְפִיָּה f.n. MH 1 appearance; NH 2 observation. [Verbal n. of צָפָה. See צפה ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צַפִּיחִית f.n. flat cake, wafer (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ex. 16:31). [Lit.: ‘something flat’. See צפח and suff. ◌ִית and cp. צַפַּחַת ᴵᴵ.] צָפִֽיעַ m.n. dung of cattle (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 4:15). [Related to Arab. ḍafagha (= he eased nature), ḍafgh, Ethiop. ḍaf‘ (= excrement).] צְפִיעָה f.n. young offspring (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 22:24 in the pl.). [Of uncertain origin.] צְפִיפוּת f.n. NH 1 pressing, overcrowding. 2 density (physics). צָפִיר m.n. he-goat. [Related to Aram. צְפִירָא, Syr. צֶפֽרָיָא. Perhaps related to Arab ḍafara (= he leapt, jumped), and lit. meaning ‘the leaping animal’.] Derivative: צִפְרוֹנוּת. צְפִירָה ᴵ f.n. 1 chaplet, wreath, diadem (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 28:5). PBH 2 plaid, braid. [Prob. lit. meaning ‘something plaited or braided’, or ‘that which enriches’. See צפר ᴵᴵᴵ.] צְפִירָה ᴵᴵ f.n. a word of uncertain meaning occurring Ezek. 7:7, 7:10. It is usually rendered by ‘convenient time, right moment’, or by ‘dawn, morning’. [Those who render צֽפִירָה ᴵᴵ by ‘convenient. time’, compare it with Arab. furṣa (= opportunity, chance, auspicious moment). Those who translate it by ‘dawn, morning’ connect it with Aram. צַפְרָא (= morning).] צְפִירָה ᴵᴵᴵ f.n. NH whistle, siren. [Verbal n. of צָפַר. See צפר and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְפֵירָה f.n. PBH troop of soldiers; cohort. [From Gk. speira (= coil, twist; something twisted or wound; cohort). See ‘spire’ in my CEDEL. For sense development cp. L. manipulus (= handful; bundle; company of soldiers, maniple).] צָפִית f.n. covering (?) guard (?) (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 21:5). Prob. meaning ‘covering’. According to some commentators the word means ‘covering’, according to others the meaning of the word is ‘guard’. [The word derives either from צפה ᴵᴵ (= to cover), or from צפה ᴵ (= to look, observe; to keep watch).] צִפִּית f.n. NH pillowcase. [Formed from צפה ᴵᴵ with suff. ◌ִית. cp. צִפִּיָּה ᴵᴵ.] צֶפֶּלִין m.n. FW zeppelin. [Named after its inventor, F. von Zeppelin (1838–1917).] צפן ᴵ to hide, conceal; to lie hidden, lurk. צפן ᴵᴵ to go north; to turn north. צפן ᴵᴵᴵ to decode, decipher. צְֹפֶן m.n. NH code. [From צפן ᴵ.] צָפְנַת f.n. something hidden, secret. [From צָפְנַת פַּעְנֵחַ, ‘Zaphenath Paneah’, the Egyptian name of Joseph (Gen. 41:45). The word צָפְנַת is supposed to be a derivative of צפן ᴵ (= to hide). See פענח.] צֶֽפַע m.n. poisonous snake, viper (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 14:29). [Of uncertain etymology. It is perhaps of imitative origin, suggestive of its hissing.] Derivative: צִפְעוֹנִי. צִפְעוֹן, צִפְעוֹנִי, צִפְעֹנִי m.n. viper, poisonous snake. [A collateral form of צֶפַע.] צפף to press, crowd. צֶֽפֶף m.n. NH crowding. [From צפף.] צִפְצוּף m.n. PBH 1 chirping, twitter. 2 whistle. [Verbal n. of צִפֽצֵף ᴵ.] צפצף ᴵ to twitter, whistle. צפצף ᴵᴵ to press. צַפְצָפָה f.n. a kind of willow (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 17:5). [Of imitative origin, suggestive of the rustling of its branches. cp. Arab. ṣafṣāfa (= willow), which is also imitative. cp. צִפְצֵף ᴵ. For the ending of צַפְצָפָה see first suff. ◌ָה.] צַפְצֵפָה f.n. MH 1 chirp, twitter. NH 2 whistle. [From צפצף ᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] צֶֽפֶק m.n. MH peritoneum (anatomy). [From Arab. ṣifāq.] Derivative: צַפֶּקֶת ᴵ צַפֶּקֶת f.n. NH peritonitis (disease). [Formed from צֶפֶק (= peritoneum), according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת serving to form names of diseases. See אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.] צפר ᴵ to chirp, twitter, peep, whistle. צפר ᴵᴵ to plait, braid; whence ‘to turn, encircle’. [Aram. צֽפַר, Arab. ṣafara, Ethiop. ḍafara (= he plaited); prob. base of צֽפִירָה ᴵ. cp. צפר ᴵᴵᴵ.] צפר ᴵᴵᴵ base of the verb יִצְפֹּר (Jud. 7:3). [Of uncertain origin. Many scholars take יִצְפֹּר in the sense ‘let him depart in the morning’, connecting it with Aram. צַפְרָא (= morning). Others derive יִצֽפֹּר from צפר (= to plait, braid; to turn), and translate it ‘let him turn round’.] צֵֽפֶר m.n. MH morning. [From Aram. צַפֽרָא. See צַפְרָא.] צַפָּר m.n. NH bird keeper, birdman. [Nomen opificis formed from צִפּוֹר.] Derivative: צַפָּרוּת. צַפְרָא m.n. PBH morning. [Aram., related to Syr. צַפֽרָא, Mand. ציפרא (= morning). Of uncertain origin.] Derivatives: צֶפֶר, צַפְרִיר, צַפְרִית. cp. צְפִירָה ᴵᴵ. צְפַרְדֶּֽעַ f.n. frog. [Related to JAram. אוּרְדּֽעָא, עוּרֽדְּעָא, Syr. אוּרְדְּעָא, Arab. ḍafda‘, ḍifdi‘ (= frog). cp. ערדע.] צִפְרוֹנוּת f.n. NH capriciousness. [Formed from צָפִיר (= he-goat), with suff. ◌וֹנוּת. Properly erroneous loan translation of It. capriccio, or Fren. caprice (= whim), which were regarded as derivatives of L. capra (= goat). However It. capriccio (= a shiver, sudden start, whim), whence Fren. caprice, is prob. compounded of capo, from L. caput (= head), and riccio, from L. ēricius (= hedgehog). cp. צִפְרוֹנִי.] צִפְרוֹנִי adj. NH capricious. [Formed from צִפְרוֹנוּת. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.] צַפָּרוּת f.n. NH bird keeping, bird watching. [Formed from צַפָּר with suff. ◌וּת.] צַפְרִיר m.n. MH MH 1 a harmful morning spirit. NH 2 morning wind. [Formed from צִפְרָא (= morning) through reduplication of the third radical.] צַפְרִית f.n. NH aubade. [Formed from צַפְרָא (= morning) with suff. ◌ִית.] צִפֹּֽרֶן ᴵ f.n. 1 fingernail (pl. dual צִפָּרֽנַיִם). NH 2 pen, nib (pl. צִפָּרֽנִים). PBH 3 digging tool, spade (pl. צִפָּרְנִים). [Related to BAram. טֽפַר, JAram. טֻפְרָא, Syr. טֶפְרָא, Arab. ẓufr, Ethiop. ṣefr, Akka. ṣupru and ṣuppāru, from orig. ṣuppāren (= nail).] Derivatives: צִפֹּרֶן ᴵᴵ, צִפָּרְנִית. צִפֹּֽרֶן ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH 1 Eugenia caryophylata (botany). NH 2 Dianthus (a genus of plants). [From צִפֹּרֶן ᴵ.] צִפָּרְנִית f.n. NH Silene (a genus of plants). [Formed from צִפֹּרֶן with suff. ◌ִית.] צִפֹּֽרֶת f.n. NH 1 birdie (attribute of a beloved girl or woman). PBH 2 butterfly. [Formed from צִפּוֹר ᴵ with suff. ◌ֶת.] צֶֽפֶת f.n. plated capital of pillar (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Chron. II 3:15). [Formed from צפה ᴵᴵ with suff. ◌ֶת.] צֶצֶה see טְסֶה־טֽסֶה. צָקוּן a word of rare form and of uncertain origin and meaning occurring Is. 26:16 in the phrase צָקוּן לַחַשׁ, which is usually rendered by ‘they poured out a prayer’. [Possibly a lengthened form for צָקוּ, third person pl. of the Qal perf. of צוק ᴵᴵ, a secondary form of יצק (= to pour).] צָ׳קוֹנָה f.n. FW chaconne (music). [Fren. chaconne, from Sp. chacona (a kind of Spanish dance), prob. from Basque chucun (= pretty).] צִקְלוֹן m.n. (pl. צִקֽלוֹנוֹת) bag (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Kin. II 4:42 in the form בּֽצִקְלֹנוֹ). [Of uncertain etymology. There exists a word bṣql in Ugaritic and it is possible that the ב in בצקלנו belongs to the stem of the word, which would be accordingly בצקל. It is also possible that the word בצקל derives from בָּצֵק (= dough) to which the letter ל was added, and that it means ‘meal-offering of first fruits’. As for the affixed ל cp. גִּבֽעוֹל (= stalk, stem), which was formed from base גבע through the addition of a ל.] צִקְצוּק m.n. NH rasp, grate (on ears). [Verbal n. of צִקְצֵק; see צקצק.] צקצק to grate, to rasp. צֶֽקֶּת inf. of יָצַק (= he poured). [See יצק.] צַר ᴵ 1 narrow. 2 distress, anguish. [From צרר ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: צָרוּת. צַר ᴵᴵ m.n. (also צָר) enemy, foe. [From צרר ᴵᴵ, whence also Syr. עַרְּתָא (= rival), Arab. ḍarr, Ethiop. ḍarr, Akka. ṣarru (= enemy). cp. עָר ᴵᴵ.] צַר ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. rock (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 5:28). [A collateral form of צֹר.] צָר m.n. FW czar, tsar. [Russ. tsar, from ealier tsesar, from Gothic kaisar (= emperor), from L. Caesar, title adopted by Augustus and the succeeding Roman emperors from the cognomen of Caius Julius Caesar. cp. קֵיסָר.] צֹר m.n. (pl. צֹרִים, and צֻרִים) rock, flint. [From צרר ᴵᴵᴵ.] Derivative: צֹרָן. צרב to burn, scorch. צָרָב adj. burning, scorching (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Pr. 16:27 in the phrase אֵשׁ צָרָבֶת, ‘burning fire’). [Formed after the pattern פַּעָל.] צֶֽרֶב m.n. MH burning, scorching. [From צרב.] צֵרָבוֹן m.n. NH (pl. צִרֽבוֹנוֹת) blast. [Formed from צרב, with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.] צֶרְבֶּרוּס see קֶרְבֶּרוֹס. צָרֶֽבֶת f.n. 1 burn, inflammation (in the Bible occurring only Lev. 13:23 and 28). NH 2 heartburn, pyrosis. [Formed from צרב (= to burn, scorch), according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת serving to form names of diseases. See אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.] צרד to be dry; to be or become hoarse or
husky. צֶֽרֶד m.n. NH (also f. צֽרָדָה) hoarseness. [From צרד. For the ending of צְרָדָה see first suff. ◌ָה.] צְרֵדָה f.n. PBH occurring only in the phrase אֶצֽבַּע־צְרֵדָה, ‘the middle finger’. [Of uncertain origin.] צַ׳רְדָּשׁ m.n. FW csardas (a Hungarian national dance). [Hungarian csárdás.] צָרֶֽדֶת f.n. NH hoarseness, huskiness. [Formed from צרד (= to be hoarse, be husky), according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת serving to form names of diseases. See אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.] צָרָה ᴵ f.n. trouble, sorrow, distress, woe, grief. [From צרר ᴵᴵ. cp. צָרָה ᴵᴵ. cp. also צָרָתָה.] צָרָה ᴵᴵ f.n. rival wife. [f. of צַר ᴵᴵ. cp. Syr. צַרּֽתָא, Arab. ḍarra, Akka. ṣirritu (= rival wife).] צָרוּב adj. PBH burned, scorched. [From צרב.] צָרוּד adj. PBH hoarse, husky. [From צרד. cp. צָרִיד.] Derivatives: צְרִידוּת, צְרַדֽרַד. צָרוּי adj. MH voweled with a ‘tsere’ (Heb. grammar). [From צֵירֶה.] צֵרוּךְ m.n. MH need. [From צרך.] צָרוּם adj. NH injured. [Pass. part. of צָרַם. See צרם.] צָרֽוּעַ adj. leprous, leper. [Qal pass. part. of צרע.] צָרוּף adj. refined, purified, pure. [Pass. part. of צָרַף. See צרף ᴵ.] צֵרוּף ᴵ m.n. PBH refining, purification. [Verbal n. of צֵרַף, Pi. of צרף ᴵ.] צֵרוּף ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH 1 attaching, joining. 2 addition. 3 combination. 4 changing money. [Verbal n. of צֵרֵף, Pi. of צרף ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: צֵרוּפִי. צֵרוּפִי adj. NH 1 additional. NH 2 combinatorial. MH 3 relative. [Formed from צֵרוּף ᴵᴵ with suff. ◌ִי.] צָרוּר adj. 1 bound, tied. 2 preserved. [Pass. part. of צָרַר. See צרר ᴵ.] צְרוֹר ᴵ m.n. (pl. צְרוֹרוֹת) bundle, package. [From צרר ᴵ. cp. Arab. ṣurra, ṣirrār (= money bag).] צְרוֹר ᴵᴵ m.n. (pl. צְרוֹרוֹת) 1 little stone, pebble. [From צרר ᴵᴵᴵ.] צָרוּת f.n. MH narrowness. [Formed from צַר ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.] צרח ᴵ to scream, cry, roar. צרח ᴵᴵ to castle (in chess). צְרָחָה f.n. NH scream, cry, shouting. [Formed from צרח ᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.] צַרְחָן m.n. NH screamer, crier, shouter. [Formed from צרח ᴵ with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: צַרְחָנוּת, צַרְחָנִי. צַרְחָנוּת f.n. NH screaming, crying, shouting. [Formed from צַרְחָן with suff. ◌וּת.] צַרְחָנִי adj. NH screaming, crying, shouting, grating on the ear. [Formed from צַרְחָן with suff. ◌ִי.] צַ׳רְטֶר m.n. FW charter. [Eng. charter, from Fren. chartre, from L. chartula (= a little paper), dimin. of charta (= a leaf of the Egyptian papyrus; papyrus; paper), from Gk. chartes (of s.m.). See כַּרֽטִיס.] צֳרִי, צְרִי m.n. (pl. צֽרָיִים) balsam, balm. [Related to TA zu-ur-wa (= spice), Syr. צַרֽוָא, Arab. ḍarw, OSArab. צרו (= balsam, balm), Arab. ḍarā (= it bled).] צְרִיבָה f.n. MH burning, scorching. [Verbal n. of צָרַב. See צרב and first suff. ◌ָה.] צָרִיד adj. m.n. PBH dry. [From צרד. cp. צָרוּד. cp. also Aram. צֽרֵידָתָא (= dry).] צְרִידוּת f.n. MH hoarseness, huskiness. [Formed from צָרוּד with suff. ◌וּת.] צֽרִֽיחַ ᴵ m.n. 1 tower. NH 2 castle (in chess). [Related to Arab. ṣarḥ (= tower), Ethiop. ṣerḥ (= upper room).] Derivative: צרח ᴵᴵ. צְרִֽיחַ ᴵᴵ m.n. excavation, cave. [Related to Arab. ḍarīḥ (= dig, hollow), Nab. צְרִיחָא (= chamber in sepulchral vault).] צְרִיחָה f.n. MH screaming, shouting, crying. [Verbal n. of צָרַח. See צרח ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צָרִיךְ adj. PBH 1 needful, necessary. MH 2 needed. PBH 3 obliged, obligated. PBH 4 it is necessary. [From צרך.] צְרִיכָה f.n. MH 1 need. NH 2 consumption. [Verbal n. of צָרַךְ. See צרך and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְרִימָה f.n. MH 1 splitting of the ear. NH 2 grating upon the ear. NH 3 dissonance. [Verbal n. of צָרַם. See צרם and first suff. ◌ָה.] צָרִיף ᴵ m.n. PBH alum. [cp. Aram. צְרִיפָא, Syr. צְרָפָא (of s.m.). From צרף ᴵᴵ (= to attach, join). In Syr. also ‘to straiten; to astringe’; so called for its astringent qualities.] צֽרִיף m.n. a cone-shaped hut. [Lit.: ‘that which is joined together’. From צרף ᴵᴵ. cp. Aram. צֽרִיפָא (of s.m.).] Derivative: צְרִיפוֹן. צְרִיפָה f.n. PBH refining, purifying. [Verbal n. of צָרַף. See צרף ᴵᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.] צְרִיפוֹן m.n. NH a small tent; a small hut. [Formed from צְרִיף with dimin. suff. ◌וֹן.] צָרִיר adj. NH slightly narrow. [Dimin. formed from צַר ᴵ through reduplication of the ר.] צְרִיר m.n. NH dissonance. [Formed from צַר ᴵ through reduplication of the ר.] צְרִירָה f.n. NH 1 binding, tying. MH 2 thickening, coagulation. [Verbal n. of צָרַר. See צרר ᴵ and suff. ◌ָה.] צרך to have need of, be needy. צֹֽרֶךְ m.n. need, necessity, requirement (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Chron. II 2:15). [From צרך.] צְרָכִים m.n. pl. PBH 1 needs, necessities. 2 nature needs. צַרְכָן m.n. NH consumer. [Formed from צרך with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: צַרְכָנוּת, צַרְכָנִי, צַרְכָנִיָּה. צַרְכָנוּת f.n. NH 1 consumption (of goods). 2 consumers. [Formed from צַרְכָן with suff. ◌וּת.] צַרְכָנִי adj. NH pertaining to the consumer(s). [Formed from צַרְכָן with suff. ◌ִי.] צַרְכָנִיָּה f.n. NH cooperative store (shop). [Formed from צַרְכָן with suff. ◌ִיָּה.] צרם to split, injure (esp. the ear); to grate
on the ear. צֶרֶמוֹנְיָה f.n. FW ceremony. [Fren. cérémonie, from L. caerimōnia (= sacred usage, ceremony), prob. orig. meaning ‘the rites performed by the Etruscan pontiffs at Caere (near Rome). For the ending of L. caerimōnia see suff. ‘–mony’ in my CEDEL.] צֹרָן m.n. NH silicon (chemistry). [Formed from צֹר (= flint), as loan translation of Modern L. silicum, a word formed from L. silex (= flint).] Derivative: צֹרָנִי. צֹרָנִי adj. NH silicate, silicious. [Formed from צֹרָנִי with suff. ◌ִי.] צרע to become leprous. צִרְעָה f.n. (pl. צֽרָעוֹת, also צִרְעִיּוֹת) wasp, hornet (in the Bible occurring only Ex. 23:28, Deut. 7:20 and Josh. 24:12). [Related to Aram. עַרְעִיתָא. Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Arab. ṣara‘a (= he threw to the ground). See צרע.] צָרַֽעַת f.n. leprosy. [Formed from צער (= to become leprous), according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת serving to form names of diseases. See אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.] צרף ᴵ to smelt, refine; to test. צרף ᴵᴵ to attach, join, combine; to change
(money). צָרְפָן m.n. NH one who makes combinations. [Formed from צרף ᴵᴵ with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: צָרְפָנוּת. צָרְפָנוּת f.n. NH theory (or doctrine) of combinations. [Formed from צָרֽפָן with suff. ◌וּת.] צָרְפַת f.n. MH France. [In the Bible a hapax legomenon occurring in Oba. verse 20, and prob. meaning the Phoen. city Sarepta (= Ṣarfand), situated between צֹר and צִידוֹן, but identified by Rashi and by ReDaK in their commentaries with France, whence its meaning in NH.] Derivative: צָרֽפָתִי. צָרְפָתִי adj. NH French. [Formed from צָרֽפַת with suff. ◌ִי.] צַרְצוּר ᴵ m.n. PBH jar, water cooler. [Of uncertain origin. It is perhaps of imitative origin, and is so called in allusion to the bubbling sound arising when the liquid is poured out of a jar. See צרצר and cp. בַּקְבּוּק.] צַרְצוּר ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH (in NH צְרָצַר, pl. צִרְצָרִים) cricket. [Of imitative origin. cp. JAram. צַרֽצוּרָא, Syr. צַרְצוֹרָא, Arab. ṣarṣār, ṣurṣūr, Akka. ṣarṣaru (= a species of locusts). All these words lit. mean ‘the chirping insect’. cp. Syr. צַרְצַר (= it sounded), Arab. ṣarṣara (= it let out a piercing cry, screamed shrilly). cp. also צְלָצַל.] Derivative: צרצר. צִרְצוּר m.n. NH noise of the cricket, chirping. [Verbal n. of צרצר.] צרצר to chirp. צְרָצַר see צַרְצוּר ᴵᴵ. צרר ᴵ to bind, tie up, wrap. צרר ᴵᴵ to show hostility toward, vex, oppress. צרר ᴵᴵᴵ to be sharp. [Arab. ẓarra (= was sharp), ẓirr, ẓurar (= sharp-edged, hard stone), Akka. ṣurru (= flint), ṣurtu (= flint knife), Syr. טַרָּנָא, JAram. טִנָּרָא (= flint, hard stone, rock). Base of צֹר, צַר ᴵᴵᴵ, and צְרוֹר ᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: צַר ᴵ, צַר ᴵᴵ, צָרָה ᴵ, צָרָה ᴵᴵ, צוֹרֵר, הֲצָרָה, הִצָּרוּת, הִצְטָרְרוּת, מֵצַר. צָרָֽתָה f.n. lengthened form of צָרָה ᴵ (q.v). צִתָּה f.n. NH match. [Formed from צִתֵּת, Pi. of צתת, with first suff. ◌ָה. cp. צִתִּית.] צִתּוּת m.n. NH listening-in. [Verbal n. of צִתֵּת, Pi. of צתת.] צִתִּית f.n. match. [Formed from צִתָּה (= he kindled), Pi. of צתת, with suff. ◌ִית. cp. צִתָּה.] צַתְרָה ᴵ f.n. PBH savory. [From Aram.–Syr. צַתְרָא, whence Arab. ṣa‘tar.] Derivative: צַתֽרָנִית. צַתְרָה ᴵᴵ, צַתְרָנִית f.n. NH sutureia, thymbra (a genus of plants). [From Aram. צַתְרָא. cp. Arab. za‘athar.] צתת to kindle. |