ס The fifteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The name of the letter, ‘Samekh’, prob. derives from סמך and lit. means ‘support, fulcrum’; so called in allusion to its ancient Heb. form. In PBH it has the numerical value of sixty. When (as in most cases) it is an independent sibilant (beside שׂ and שׁ), its Arab. correspondence is s; cp. e.g. אָסַר and Arab. ’asara (= he bound, tied). Sometimes, however, it is secondary standing for orig. שׂ, in which case its Arab. equivalent is sh; cp. e.g. Heb. סְתָו and Arab. shitā’ (= winter). This change of שׂ to ס is quite frequent in NH and in Aram.; in Syriac the שׂ has been replaced entirely by ס. ס alternates also with ז (see the introductory article to letter ז). It often becomes צ, esp. in the vicinity of ח or emphatic sounds; cp. e.g. סחן ᴵ (= to be strong), with Arab. ḥaṣuna (= was strong); קסם (= to practice divination), with Syr. קְצַם (= he practiced divination); פֶּסַח (= Passover) with Syr. פֶּצְחָא (of s.m.); עקץ (= to sting, prick) with Syr. עַקֵּס (= it stung, it pricked). In some rare cases ס represents orig. שׁ; cp. סִרְיוֹן, a secondary form of שִׁרְיוֹן (= coat of arms, armor); Heb. כָּנַס, BAram., Aram. and Syr. כְּנַשׁ (= he gathered, collected).

סאב to make unclean, defile.
    — Pi. - סֵאֵב he made unclean, defiled.
    — Pu. - סֹאַב was made unclean, was defiled.
    — Hith. - הִסְתָּאֵב , Nith. נִסְתָּאֵב PBH 1 it (the animal) became unfit to be sacrificed because of a blemish; NH 2 he became defiled.
    — Hiph. - הִסְאִיב he made unclean, defiled. [Aram. סַאֵיב, Syr. סַיֵּב (= he defiled), Aram. אִסְתָּאַב, Syr. אִסְתַּיַּב (= became defiled), Arab. shāba (= he mixed, blended, adulterated, contaminated, polluted), shā’iba (= dirt, stain, spot, blemish, defect).] Derivatives: סַאַב, סֵאָבוֹן, סָאוּב, סֵאוּב, הִסְתַּאֲבוּת, מְסֹאָב.

סַֽאַב m.n. MH defilement, uncleanness, impurity. [From סאב.]

סֵאָבוֹן m.n. NH defilement, uncleanness, impurity. [Formed from סאב, with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.]

סְאָה f.n. (pl. סְאִים, also סְאוֹת) ‘seah’ (a dry and liquid measure, one third of an ‘epha’). [Together with Aram. סָאתָא, Syr. סַאתָא, prob. borrowed from Akka. she’u, she’atu (= grain, a measure of grain), which itself is a loan word from Sumerian she. cp. סַאסְּאָה.]

סָאוּב adj. PBH defiled, dirty. [From סאב.]

סֵאוּב m.n. MH defilement, uncleanness, impurity. [Verbal n. of סֵאֵב, Pi. of סאב.]

סְאוֹן m.n. sandal, shoe (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 9:4). [Prob. a loan word from Akka. shēnu, whence the v. shēnu (= to put on sandals), whence prob. also Aram. סֵינָא, Syr. סֵאן (= sandal, shoe), Ethiop. sha’n (= sandal). cp. מְסָאנָא.] Derivative: סאן.

סָאוּנָה f.n. FW sauna. [Finnish, lit.: ‘bathroom’.]

סֵאוֹר m.n. PBH leaven; whence fig. ‘essence’. [cp. סוֹר, which is the more frequent var. of סֵאוֹר. A secondary form of שְׂאוֹר.]

סאן to wear sandals or shoes; to make a noise (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 9:4 in the form סוֹאֵן).
    — Qal - סָאַן 1 he wore sandals or shoes; PBH 2 he made a noise.
    — Hiph. - הִסְאִין he caused a noise.
    — Hith. - הִסְתָּאֵן he made a noise. [Prob. denominated from סֽאוֹן (= sandal, shoe).]

סָאסָא m.n. PBH bristle, beard of grain. [Aram.]

סַאסְּאָה full measure (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 27:8 and usually rendered by ‘full measure’). [Of uncertain origin; possibly formed through the reduplication of סְאָה, and hence lit. meaning ‘double seah’.]

סָב m.n. PBH 1 old man. NH 2 grandfather. [Aram. form of שָׂב. cp. Syr. and סָבָא and Mand. סאבא. cp. also סָבָה.] Derivative: סַבְיוֹן.

סֹב m.n. PBH (used mostly in the pl. סֻבִּים, or סֻבִּין) fine bran. [Of uncertain origin.]

סָבָא adj. & m.n. (pl. סָבִין) PBH 1 old, old man. NH 2 grandfather. [Aram., emphatic form of סָב. See סָב and cp. סַבָּא. cp. also סַבְתָּא.]

סַבָּא m.n. NH grandpapa (colloq.). [A blend of סָבָא (= grandfather), and אַבָּא (= father, papa).]

סבא to drink largely.
    — Qal - סָבָא he drank largely.
    — Niph. - נִסְבָּא was drunk. [Aram. סְבָא (= he drank wine), Akka. sabū (= sesame wine). Arab. sab’ (= wine), is prob. a loan word and saba’a (= he imported foreign wine) is denominated from sab.] Derivatives: סֹבֶא, סַבְאָנִי, סָבוּא, סוֹבֵא, סְבִיאָה, מִסֽבָּאָה.

סֹֽבֶא m.n. 1 drink, liquor. 2 drinking bout. [From סבא.]

סַבְאָנִי adj. NH very thirsty. [Formed from סבא with suff. ◌ָנִי.]

סבב to turn about, go round, surround.
    — Qal - סָבַב 1 he turned about; 2 he went round, brought round; 3 he walked round, marched round; 4 he surrounded, encompassed, encircled; 5 he sat at table; 6 he brought about, caused.
    — Niph. - נָסַב 1 he turned (intr.) turned round; 2 was turned over, was transported; 3 he surrounded, encompassed, encircled.
    — Pol. - סוֹבֵב 1 he walked round, went about; 2 he surrounded, encompassed, encircled.
    — Pi. - סִבֵּב 1 he turned, changed; PBH 2 he surrounded, encompassed, encircled; MH 3 he caused.
    — Po. - סוֹבַב , Pu. סֻבַּב PBH 1 was surrounded, was encompassed, was encircled; MH 2 was caused by; PBH 3 he reclined at meals.
    — Hithpol. - הִסְתּוֹבֵב he went about.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּבֵּב was brought about, was caused.
    — Hiph. - הֵסֵב 1 he turned, caused to turn; 2 he turned over, turned back; 3 he caused to go round; 4 he changed, altered; PBH 5 he reclined at meals; NH 6 he brought about, caused.
    — Hiph. - הִסְבִּיב he surrounded, encompassed, encircled.
    — Hoph. - הֻסַּב, הוּסַב 1 was surrounded, was encompassed, was encircled; NH 2 was turned; 3 was changed; NH 4 was transferred. [Ugar. sb (= to go round), Aram. סוֹבְבָא (= rim, border), Arab. sabab (= rope), sabīb (= lock of hair), Akka. shibbu (= girdle).] Derivatives: סֶבֶב, סַבֶּבֶת, סִבָּה, סֻבָּה, סִבּוּב, סָבִיב, סְבִיבוֹן, סְבִיבִי, הֶסֵּב, הֲסִבָּה, הִסְתּוֹבְבוּת, מוּסָב, מֵסַב ᴵ, מֵסַב ᴵᴵ, מַסְבֵּב, מְסִבָּה ᴵ, מְסִבָּה ᴵᴵ, מְסֻבָּב, מְסוֹבָב, נָסָב, נְסִבָּה, סַבְסָב, תְּסִבָּה. cp. the first element in סַבֹּרֶג.

סֶֽבֶב m.n. NH circle, circulating, recurring, rotation. [From סבב.]

סַבֶּֽבֶת f.n. pinion. [From סבב. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.]

סָבָה f.n. NH 1 an old woman. 2 grandmother. [f. of סָב.]

סִבָּה f.n. 1 a thing brought about (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Kin. I 12:15). PBH 2 transfer of property from tribe to tribe. MH 3 cause. [Formed from סִבֵּב (= he turned, he caused), Pi. of סבב; with first suff. ◌ָה.]

סֻבָּה f.n. NH circuit, traffic circuit. [Formed from סֻבַּב, Pu. of סבב, with first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָבוּא adj. drunk. [Pass. part. of סָבָא; see סבא.]

סִבּוּב m.n. PBH 1 turn, turning. NH 2 rotation (astronomy). [Verbal n. of סִבֵּב (= he turned), Pi. of סבב.] Derivative: סִבּוּבִי.

סִבּוּבִי adj. MH moving in circles, rotary, rotatory. [Formed from סִבּוּב with suff. ◌ִי.]

סָבוּךְ adj. entangled (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Nah. 1:10 in the pl.). [Pass. part. of סָבַךְ. See סבך.]

סִבּוּךְ m.n. MH 1 entanglement. 2 complication. [Verbal n. of סִבֵּךְ (= he entangled), Pi. of סבך.]

סָבוּל adj. MH carried. [Pass. part. of סָבַל. See סבל.]

סַבּוֹן m.n. FW soap. [Fren. savon, from L. sapōnem, accusative of sapō (= soap), which is of Teutonic origin. See ‘soap’ in my CEDEL.] Derivatives: סבן, סַבּוֹנַאי, סַבּוֹנִיָּה, סַבּוֹנִית.

סִבּוּן m.n. NH soaping, saponification. [Verbal n. of סִבֵּן. See סבן.]

סַבּוֹנַאי m.n. NH soapmaker. [Formed from סַבּוֹן with suff. ◌ַאי.]

סַבּוֹנִיָּה f.n. soapbox. [Formed from סַבּוֹן with suff. ◌ִיָּה.]

סַבּוֹנִית f.n. NH Vaccaria (a genus of plants). [Formed from סַבּוֹן with suff. ◌ִית.]

סָבוּר adj. PBH thinking, of opinion. [Pass. part. of סבר.]

סִבּוּר m.n. NH interpretation. [Verbal n. of סִבֵּר, Pi. of סבר.]

סָבוֹרָא m.n. PBH 1 reasoner, logician. 2 ‘Sabora’, one of the scholars of the Babylonian academies in the period immediately following that of the ‘Amoraim’. [Aram., from סְבַר (= he thought, was of the opinion). See סבר.]

סַבַּטְיוֹן see סַמְבַּטְיוֹן.

סְבִיאָה f.n. NH drunkenness. [Verbal n. of סָבָא. See סבא and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָבִיב adv. & prep. round about, surrounding. [From סבב.] Derivative: סְבִיבָה. cp. סְבִיבוֹל.

סְבִיבָה f.n. MH 1 moving in a circle, rotation. NH 2 neighborhood, environment. [From סָבִיב. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] Derivative: סְבִיבָתִי.

סְבִיבוֹל m.n. NH swivel. [A blend of סָבִיב and Eng. swivel.]

סְבִיבוֹן m.n. NH spinning top. [Coined from סבב (= to go round) and suff. ◌וֹן.]

סְבִיבָתִי adj. NH environmental. [Derived from סְבִיבָה with adj. suff. ◌ִי.]

סַבְיוֹן m.n. NH Senecio (a genus of plants). [From סָב (= old man); loan translation of the scientific name Seneciō, from L. seneciō (= groundsel), from senex (= old man).]

סָבִיךְ adj. NH easily entangled. [From סבך.] Derivative: סְבִיכוּת.

סְבִיכָה f.n. MH entanglement. [Verbal n. of סָבַךְ. See סבך and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְבִיכוּת f.n. NH entanglement. [Formed from סָבִיךְ with suff. ◌וּת.]

סָבִיל adj. NH passive. [From סבל.] Derivative: סְבִילוּת.

סְבִילָה f.n. PBH 1 carrying a burden. NH 2 suffering with patience. [Verbal n. of סָבַל. See סבל and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְבִילוּת f.n. NH passiveness, passivity. [Formed from סָבִיל with suff. ◌וּת.]

סֻבִּים, סֻבִּין see סֹב.

סָבִיר ᴵ adj. NH reasonable. [From סבר.] Derivative: סְבִירוּת.

סָבִיר ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH reasoner, logician. [Aram., from סְבַר (= he thought, was of opinion). See סבר.]

סְבִירוּת f.n. NH reasonability. [Formed from סָבִיר ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.]

סבך to interweave, interlace.
    — Qal - סָבַךְ he interwove, interlaced (in the Bible occurring only in the pass. part.; see סָבוּךְ).
    — Niph. - נִסְבַּךְ was interwoven, was interlaced, was entangled.
    — Pi. - סִבֵּךְ 1 he grafted (said of plants); NH 2 he entangled, complicated.
    — Pu. - סֻבַּךְ was interwoven, was entangled (in the Bible occurring only Job 8:17 in the form יְסֻבָּכוּ).
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּבֵּךְ became entangled.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְבַּךְ became entangled. [A collateral form of שׂבך.] Derivatives: סֹבֶךְ ᴵ, סְבַךְ, סְבָכָה, סָבוּךְ, סִבּוּךְ, סָבִיךְ, סְבִיכָה, מַסְבֵּךְ, מִסְבָּךְ, מְסֻבָּךְ, תַּסְבִּיךְ, תִּסְבֹּכֶת.

סֹֽבֶךְ ᴵ m.n. thicket (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 4:7). [From סבך. According to some scholars the form of the abstract state is סְבֹךְ, whence the c. st. סֲבָךְ (Ps. 74:5).]

סֹֽבֶךְ ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH calf of the leg, sura (anatomy). [Prob. from סבך.]

סְבַךְ m.n. thicket. [From סבך.] Derivative: סִבְּכִי.

סַבָּךְ m.n. PBH netmaker. [Nomen opificis, formed from סְבָכָה according to the pattern פַּעָל.]

סְבָכָה f.n. PBH net, network. [From סבך; corresponding to Biblical Heb. שְׂבָכָה (q.v.).]

סִבְּכִי m.n. NH warbler. (Lit.: ‘(bird) of the thicket’. Coined by Mendele Mocher Sepharim (1863–1917) from סְבַךְ (= thicket), and suff. ◌ִי. cp. the scientific name of this bird, Sylvia, from L. silva (= forest).]

סבל to bear a load, carry a burden.
    — Qal - סָבַל 1 he bore a load, carried a burden; 2 he suffered, tolerated.
    — Niph. - נִסְבַּל 1 was carried; 2 was suffered, was tolerated.
    — Pu. - סֻבַּל was laden.
    — Hith. - הִסֽתַּבֵּל 1 it dragged itself along; NH 2 was laden. [Aram.-Syr. סְבַל (= he bore, carried), Akka. zabālu (= to bear, carry), whence zabbīlu (= basket). [From זְבִיל.] Derivatives: סַבָּל, סֵבֶל, סֹבֶל, סִבֽלָה, סִבְלוֹן, סַבְלָן, סָבוּל, סָבִיל, סְבִילָה, סוֹבְלָן, הִסְתַּבְּלוּת, סְבֹלֶת, תִּסְבֹּלֶת.

סַבָּל m.n. bearer of burden, porter. [Nomen opificis formed from סבל.] Derivative: סַבָּלוּת.

סֵֽבֶל m.n. (pl. סְבָלוֹת) 1 burden, load. MH 2 suffering, pain. [From סבל. cp. סִבְלָה.]

סֹֽבֶל m.n. burden, load. [From סבל.]

סִבְלָה f.n. MH load, burden, task. [Back formation from סִבְלוֹת, סִבְלוֹתָם (pl. of סֵבֶל), which were regarded as the pl. of סִבְלָה.]

סִבְלוֹן m.n. PBH (pl. סִבְלוֹנוֹת) load, burden. [Formed from סבל with suff. ◌וֹן. For the sense of סִבְלוֹנוֹת cp. מַשְׂאֵת (= gift, present), which derives from נשׂא (= to bear, carry).]

סַבָּלוּת f.n. NH porterage. [Formed from סַבָּל with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַבְלָן adj. MH patient, long-suffering. [Formed from סבל with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: סַבְלָנוּת, סַבְלָנִי.

סַבְלָנוּת f.n. MH patience. [Formed from סַבְלָן with suff. ◌וּת. cp. סוֹבְלָנוּת.]

סַבְלָנִי adj. NH patient. [Formed from סַבֽלָן with suff. ◌ִי. cp. סוֹבְלָנִי.]

סִבֹּֽלֶת ᴵ f.n. 1 testword used to distinguish the Gileadites from the Ephraimites, who could not pronounce the sound sh (see Jud. 12:6). NH 2 catchword. [Dialectical form of שִׁבֹּלֶת ᴵᴵ (q.v.).]

סִבֹּֽלֶת ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH 1 joint meal. NH 2 picnic. [Gk. symbolai (= contributions made to provide a common meal), pl. of symbole (= a coming together, meeting, joining), lit.: ‘something thrown together’, from symballein (= to throw together). See סִימְבּוֹלִי and cp. סִנְבּוֹל.]

סְבֹֽלֶת f.n. NH tolerance, endurance. [From סבל.]

סבן to soap.
    — Pi. - סִבֵּן he soaped.
    — Pu. - סֻבַּן was soaped.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּבֵּן he soaped himself. [Denominated from סַבּוֹן (= soap). Coined by Ithamar Ben-Avi (1882–1943).] Derivatives: סִבּוּן, מְסֻבָּן, מִסְבָּנָה.

סַבְסָב m.n. NH yaw (in navigation). [From סבב.]

סבסד to subsidize.
    — Pi. - סִבְּסֵד he subsidized.
    — Pu. - סֻבְּסַד was subsidized. [Hebraization, denominated from FW סוּבְּסִידְיָה (= subsidy).] Derivative: סִבְּסוּד.

סִבְּסוּד m.n. NH subsidization, subsidy. [Verbal n. of סִבְּסֵד, Pi. of סבסד.]

סבר to think, be of opinion.
    — Qal - סָבַר he thought, was of opinion, supposed.
    — Pi. - סִבֵּר MH 1 he thought, supposed; NH 2 he interpreted (esp. in music).
    — Pu. - סֻבַּר was interpreted (esp. in music).
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּבֵּר PBH 1 it was explained, was interpreted; NH 2 was acceptable, was reasonable.
    — Hiph. - הִסְבִּיר made clear, explained, interpreted.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְבַּר was made clear, was explained, was interpreted. [Aram. סְבַר (= he looked for, thought, was of opinion), Syr. סְבַר (= he thought, believed, supposed), Arab. sabara (= he probed or inspected a wound). See שׂבר.] Derivatives: סַבָּר, סֵבֶר, סְבָרָה, סַבְרָן, סָבוּר, סִבּוּר, סָבִיר, הֶסְבֵּר, הַסְבָּרָה, הִסְתַּבְּרוּת, תַּסְבִּיר. cp. סָבוֹרָא, סָבְרֵי.

סֵֽבֶר m.n. PBH 1 hope, trust. 2 countenance, appearance. [From סבר.]

סְבָרָא, סְבָרָה f.n. PBH 1 logical argument. MH 2 supposition, conjecture, opinion, view. [Aram. and Syr. סְבָרָא (= thought, opinion), from סְבַר. See סבר.] Derivatives: סִבְרוֹן, סְבָרָתִי.

סַבָּר m.n. PBH 1 reasoner, excellent scholar. NH 2 interpreter (music). [Formed from בסר according to the pattern פַּעָל.]

סַבֹּֽרֶג m.n. NH screwdriver. [Compounded of סבב (= to turn), and בֹּרֶג (= screw).]

סִבְרוֹן m.n. PBH hope. [From סֵבֶר. For the ending see ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.]

סָבְרֵי intr. v. PBH with your permission. [Aram., lit.: ‘what do you think?’, ‘what is your opinion?’ Part. of סְבַר. See סבר.]

סְבָרִי see סְבָרָתִי.

סַבְרָן m.n. MH popularizer. [Formed from סבר with סבר with agential suff. ◌ָן.]

סְבָרָתִי adj. NH conjectural, hypothetical. [Formed from סְבָרָה with suff. ◌ִי.]

סָבְתָּא, סַבְתָּא PBH resp. NH f.n. (pl. סַבְתּוֹת) 1 grandmother. 2 old woman. [Aram., f. of סָבָא.]

סִבָּתִי adj. NH causal. [Formed from סִבָּה with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סִבָּתִיּוּת.

סִבָּתִיּוּת f.n. NH causation. [Formed from סִבָּתִי word with suff. ◌וּת.]

סֶֽגֶב m.n. MH strength. [A secondary form of שֶׂגֶב.] Derivative: סגב.

סגב to strengthen.
    — Pi. - סִגֵּב he strengthened.
    — Pu. - סֻגַּב was strengthened. [A secondary form of שׂגב.]

סגד to prostrate oneself.
    — Qal - סָגַד he prostrated himself in worship (in the Bible occurring only Is. 44:15, 17, 19 and 46:6). [Prob. a loan word from Aram. סְגֵד (= he prostrated himself in worship). cp. Arab. sajada (= he was submissive), whence Ethiop. sagada (of s.m.). cp. מִסְגָּד.] Derivative: סְגִידָה.

סָגָה f.n. FW saga. [Old Norse, ‘a saying, story’, related to Old Eng. sagu (= a saying).]

סָגוֹ m.n. FW sago. [Ultimately from Malayan sāgū.]

סִגּוּב m.n. MH strength, greatness. [Verbal n. of סִגֵּב. See סגב and cp. שִׂגּוּב.]

סֶגּוֹל, סְגוֹל f.n. MH ‘segol’ 1 Heb. and Aram. vowel pronounced e; its form is ◌ֶ. 2 name of a disjunctive accent placed over the word; its form is ◌֒. [From Aram. and Syr. סְגוֹלָא (= cluster of grapes); so called from its shape. cp. סגל ᴵᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: סָגוּל, סֶגּוּלִי.

סָגוּל adj. MH voweled with ‘segol’. [From סֶגּוֹל.]

סִגּוּל m.n. NH adaptation. [Verbal n. of סִגֵּל, Pi. of סגל ᴵ.]

סֶגּוֹלִי adj. NH voweled with ‘segol’ segolate. [Formed from סֶגּוֹל with suff. ◌ִי.]

סָגוֹס m.n. PBH coarse, woolen blanket. [Gk. sagos, from L. sagus, a secondary form of sagum, a word of Gaulish origin; prob. related to Lithuanian sagis (= traveling dress of Lithuanian women). cp. ‘sagum’ in my CEDEL. cp. סָגִין.]

סָגוּף adj. PBH afflicted. [From סגף.]

סִגּוּף m.n. PBH affliction, self-mortification. [Verbal n. of סִגֵּף. Pi. of סגף.]

סָגוּר adj. 1 closed, locked. 2 pure (from זָהָב סָגוּר, ‘pure gold’, Kin. I 6:20 and elsewhere, perhaps formed after Akka. hurāṣu sakru, ‘pure gold’. [Pass. part. of סָגַר. See סגר.]

סְגוֹר ᴵ m.n. enclosure, encasement (occurring Hos. 13:8 in the phrase סְגוֹר לִבָּם, ‘the encasement of their heart’). [From סגר.]

סְגוֹר ᴵᴵ m.n. fine gold. [See זָהָב סָגוֹר s.v. סָגוּר.]

סַגִּי PBH 1 numerous. 2 enough. [Aram., related to Heb. שַׂגִּיא (= great, exalted).]

סַגִּיא adj. MH numerous. [Another spelling of סַגִּי.]

סַגִּיב adj. strong, mighty. [A secondary form of שַׂגִּיב.]

סְגִידָה f.n. MH 1 bowing in worship. NH 2 adoration, admiration. [Verbal n. of סגד. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סֻגְיָה see סוּגְיָה.

סָגִיל adj. NH adaptable. [Coined from סגל ᴵ (= to adapt), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: סְגִילוּת.

סְגִילוּת m.n. NH adaptability. [Formed from סָגִיל with suff. ◌וּת.]

סָגִין m.n. NH military tunic. [Alteration of סָגוֹס.]

סְגִיר m.n. NH shackle. [From סגר.]

סְגִירָה f.n. PBH closing, shutting. [Verbal n. of סָגַר. See סגר and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סגל ᴵ to acquire, save, lay by, treasure; to adapt.
    — Pi. - סִגֵּל PBH 1 he acquired, laid by, saved, treasured. MH 2 he adapted, fitted, conformed.
    — Pu. - סֻגַּל PBH 1 he belonged; NH 2 was adapted, was fitted, was conformed.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּגֵּל he adapted himself, conformed himself.
    — Hiph. - הִסְגִיל MH 1 he appropriated, singled out; NH 2 he adapted, fitted, conformed.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְגַּל MH 1 was appropriated, was singled out; NH 2 was adapted, was fitted, was conformed. [Denominated from סְגֻלָּה.] Derivatives: סִגּוּל, סְתַגְּלָן, מְסֻגָּל. cp. סְגַלְגַּל.

סגל ᴵᴵ to become violet.
    — Hiph. - הִסְגִּיל became violet. [Denominated from סָגֹל.] Derivative: הַסְגָּלָה.

סֶֽגֶל ᴵ m.n. MH treasure. [Back formation from סְגֻלָּה.]

סֶֽגֶל ᴵᴵ m.n. NH corps, cadre. [Borrowed from the phrase סֶגֶל־חֲבוּרָה (= a treasured, chosen group).]

סֶֽגֶל ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. NH violet. [From Aram. סִיגְלָא, which is prob. related to Aram. סְגוֹלָא (= cluster of grapes). cp. סֶגּוֹל.] Derivatives: סָגֹל, סִגָּלִית.

סָגֹל adj. NH violet (-colored). [From סֶגֶל ᴵᴵᴵ.] Derivative: סגל ᴵᴵ.

סְגַלְגַּל adj. PBH round, oval. [Prob. formed from סגל through reduplication of the second and third radical. For the form cp. עֲגַלְגַּל (= round, oval), which derives from base עגל.] Derivative: סְגַלְגַּלּוּת.

סְגַלְגַּלּוּת f.n. NH roundness, ovalness. [Formed from סְגַלְגַּל with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְגֻלָּה f.n. 1 possession, property. 2 treasure. MH 3 virtue, quality. MH 4 remedy. [Related to Aram. סְגֻלְתָּא (= property), Akka. sugullu (= herd of cattle).] Derivatives: סֶגֶל ᴵ, סְגֻלִּי.

סְגֻלִּי adj. MH 1 choice, best. NH 2 peculiar, specific. Derivative: סְגֻלִּיּוּת.

סְגֻלִּיּוּת f.n. NH specificness, specificity. [Formed from סְגֻלִּי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִגָּלִית f.n. NH violet (flower). [A secondary form of סֶגֶל ᴵᴵᴵ.]

סְגָן 1 prefect, ruler. PBH 2 viceroy, deputy; specifically deputy to the High Priest. [A loan word from Akka. shaknu (= governor of a province), from shakānu (= to lay, set, appoint). See שׁכן and cp. סוֹכֵן.] Derivatives: סֶגֶן, סְגָנוּת.

סֶֽגֶן m.n. NH ‘segen’ — an officer in the Israeli army, corresponding to the rank of lieutenant. [From סְגָן.]

סִגְנוֹן m.n. PBH PBH 1 sign, ensign, banner. PBH 2 style. NH 3 form, way. [From Gk. signon, L. signum (= mark, token, sign), which is prob. related to secāre (= to cut). See ‘section’ in my CEDEL and cp. קוֹנְסִיגְנַצְיָה.] Derivatives: סגנן, סִגְנוֹנִי.

סִגְנוּן m.n. NH styling. [Verbal n. of סִגְנֵן. See סגנן.]

סִגְנוֹנִי adj. NH stylish, stylistic. [Formed from סִגְנוֹן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סַגְנוּת f.n. NH deputyship. [Formed from סְגָן with suff. ◌וּת. The form סְגָנוּת given by some other lexicographers is incorrect. The noun סְגָן, from which the noun סגנות was formed, derives from Akka. shaknu, therefore it must be punctuated סַגְנוּת.]

סִגְנִיָּה f.n. PBH basket. [Of uncertain origin.]

סגנן to style, formulate.
    — Pi. - סִגְנֵן he styled, formulated.
    — Pu. - סֻגְנַן was styled, was formulated. [Back formation from סִגְנוֹן.] Derivatives: סִגְנוּן, מְסַגְנֵן, מְסֻגְנָן.

סגסג to alloy.
    — Pilp. - סִגְסֵג he alloyed.
    — Pulp. - סֻגְסַג was alloyed. [Formed from סִיג (= dross), through reduplication.] Derivatives: סִגְסוּג, סַגְסֹגֶת, מְסֻגְסָג.

סַגְסֹֽגֶת f.n. NH alloy. [From סגסג. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.]

סִגְסוּג m.n. MH alloying. [Verbal n. of סִגְסֵג. See סגסג.]

סגף to afflict, mortify.
    — Pi. - סִגֵּף he afflicted, mortified.
    — Pu. - סֻגַּף was afflicted, was mortified.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּגֵּף he afflicted himself, mortified himself. [Prob. related to סכף. Some scholars connect this base with Akka. sakāpu (= to overthrow); see שׂכב. According to others סגף is Sif‘el of נגף.] Derivatives: סַגְּפָן, סִגּוּף, הִסְתַּגְּפוּת, מְסֻגָּף.

סַגְּפָן m.n. NH ascetic. [Formed from סִגֵּף, Pi. of סגף, with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: סַגְּפָנוּת, סַגְּפָנִי.

סַגְּפָנוּת f.n. NH asceticism. [Formed from סַגְּפָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַגְּפָנִי adj. NH ascetical. [Formed from סַגְפָן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סגר to shut, close.
    — Qal - סָגַר he shut, closed.
    — Niph. - נִסְגַּר was shut, was closed.
    — Pi. - סִגֵּר he delivered up, surrendered.
    — Pu. - סֻגַּר 1 was shut up, was closed; MH 2 was delivered up.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּגֵּר 1 he shut himself in; 2 was locked up, was closed.
    — Hiph. - הִסְגִּיר 1 he shut up; 2 he delivered, surrendered.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְגַּר 1 was shut up; 2 was delivered, was surrendered. [Phoen. סגר (= to deliver over, abandon), Ugar. sgr (= to shut, close), Aram.-Syr. סְגַר (= he shut up, confined, secluded), Akka. sakāru (= to close), shigaru (= door lock; cage). Related to סכר ᴵ.] Derivatives: סֶגֶר, סָגוּר, סְגוֹר ᴵ, סְגִיר, סְגִירָה, סוֹגֵר, סוּגַר, סְתַגְּרָן, מַסְגֵּר, מִסְגָּר, מֻסְגָּר, מְסֻגָר, מִסְגֶּרֶת.

סֶֽגֶר m.n. PBH 1 tongue of a lock. NH 2 bolt, lock. NH 3 occlusion (odontology). NH 4 closure (military). [From סגר.]

סִגָּרוֹן m.n. PBH arm bearer. [Prob. traceable to Gk. sagaris (= weapon), a foreign word of uncertain etymology. It is possibly related to L. sagitta (= arrow). See ‘Sagitta’ in my CEDEL.]

סַגְרִיר m.n. persistent rain (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Pr. 27:15 in the phrase יוֹם סַגְרִיר, ‘a day of persistent rain’, ‘a rainy day’). [Related to Syr. סַגְרָא (= heavy rain).] Derivative: סַגְרִירִי.

סַגְרִירִי adj. NH rainy and cold. [Formed from סַגְרִיר with suff. ◌ִי.]

סַד m.n. stocks for torturing (in the Bible occurring only Job 13:7 and 33:11). [Related to Aram.-Syr. סַדָּא (= stocks).]

סְדוֹם m.n. Sodom — name of a city whose inhabitants were ‘wicked and sinners’ (Gen. 13:13). Derivative: סְדוֹמִי.

סְדוֹמִי adj. PBH 1 Sodomite. PBH 2 Sodomitic. NH 3 homosexual. [Formed from סְדוֹם with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סְדוֹמִיּוּת.

סְדוֹמִיּוּת f.n. NH 1 cruelty. 2 homosexuality. [Formed from סְדוֹמִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סָדוּק adj. PBH cracked, cleft. [Pass. part. of סָדַק. See סדק.]

סִדּוּק m.n. PBH cracking, cleaving. [Verbal n. of סִדֵּק, Pi. of סדק.]

סָדוּר adj. PBH arranged, put in order. [Pass. part. of סָדַר. See סדר.]

סִדּוּר m.n. PBH 1 arrangement, putting in order. MH 2 prayer book. NH 3 typesetting. [Verbal n. of סִדֵּר, Pi. of סדר.] Derivative: סִדּוּרִי.

סָדוֹר m.n. NH (pl. סָדוֹרוֹת) work bench. [From סדר.]

סִדּוּרִי adj. NH well-arranged, well-ordered. [Formed from סִדּוּר with suff. ◌ִי.]

סָדִיזְם m.n. FW sadism. [Fren. sadisme, coined from the name of Marquis de Sade (1740–1814), who first described this perversion in his novels. For the ending see suff. ◌ִיזְם.]

סָדִין m.n. 1 linen wrapper. PBH 2 bed sheet. [Together with Aram. סְדִינָא, prob. borrowed from Akka. saddinu (= linen undergarment), which itself is a Sumerian loan word.]

סָדִיסְט m.n. FW sadist. [Fren. sadiste. See סָדִיזְם and suff. ◌ִיסְט.]

סָדִיק adj. PBH 1 cracked, cleft. NH 2 crackable, fissile. [From סדק; in sense 2 formed according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.]

סְדִיקָה f.n. MH cracking, splitting. [Verbal n. of סָדַק. See סדק and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָדִיר adj. PBH regular. [From סדר.] Derivative: סְדִירוּת.

סְדִירָה f.n. MH arrangement. [Verbal n. of סָדַר. See סדר and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְדִירוּת f.n. NH regularity. [Formed from סָדִיר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַדָּן m.n. PBH 1 block. PBH 2 anvil. PBH 3 tree trunk. NH 4 axle. [Related to Aram.-Syr. סַדָּנָא (= block, anvil), Arab. sandān (= anvil). cp. סַדָּנָא.] Derivative: סַדְנָה.]

סַדָּנָא m.n. PBH block, anvil. [Aram. See סַדָּן.]

סַדְנָה f.n. NH (pl. סַדְנָאוֹת or סַדֽנוֹת) workshop. [From סַדָּן. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סדק to crack, cleave, split.
    — Qal - סָדַק he cracked, cleaved, split.
    — Niph. - נִסְדַּק was cracked, was cleaved, was split.
    — Pi. - סִדֵּק he cracked, cleaved, tore apart.
    — Pu. - סֻדַּק was cracked, was cleaved, was torn apart.
    — Nith. - נִסְתַּדֵּק (of s.m.).
    — Hiph. - הִסְדִּיק he cracked, cleaved.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְדַּק was cracked, was cleaved. [Aram.-Syr. סְדַק (= he tore asunder, divided, rived, split), Ethiop. shaṭaqa (= he cleaved, split).] Derivatives: סֶדֶק, סָדוּק, סִדּוּק, סָדִיק, סְדִיקָה. cp. סִדְקִי.

סֶֽדֶק m.n. PBH crack, cleft, split. [From סדק.]

סִדְקִי m.n. PBH small dealer, retailer. [Of uncertain origin; possibly derived from base סדק.]

סִדְקִית f.n. PBH small ware, tinsel. [From סִדְקִי.]

סדר to arrange, put in order.
    Akka. - סדר stands for שׂדר. They refer to the derivative שְׂדֵרָה (= row, rank), and to Arab. tashadhdhara (= he prepared himself for battle). However, the Akka. correspondences show that the orig. form of the base is סדר.]
    — Qal - סָדַר 1 he arranged, put in order; 2 he presented.
    — Niph. - נִסְדַּר was arranged, was put in order.
    — Pi. - סִדֵּר PBH 1 he arranged, put in order; NH 2 he set up type (in printing).
    — Pu. - סֻדַּר PBH 1 was arranged, was put in order; NH 2 was set up (said of type).
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּדֵּר PBH 1 was settled; NH 2 was arranged, was put in order; NH 3 he settled down.
    — Hiph. - הִסְדִּיר he arranged, put in order, regulated.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְדַּר was arranged, was put in order, was regulated. [Aram.-Syr. סְדַר (= he arranged, put in order), Derivatives: סֵדֶר, סַדָּר, סְדָר, סָדוּר, סָדוֹר, סִדּוּר, סָדִיר, סְדִירָה, סוֹדֵר, סוֹדְרָן ᴵ, סוֹדְרָן ᴵᴵ, הֶסְדֵּר, הַסְדָּרָה, הִסְתַּדְּרוּת, מִסְדָּר, מְסַדֵּר, מְסֻדָּר, מִסְדָּרָה, מִסְדְּרוֹן, מַסְדֶּרֶת, תַּסְדִּיר.

סֵֽדֶר m.n. 1 order, arrangement (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 10:22 in the pl.). PBH 2 succession, sequence. PBH 3 name of each section of the Mishnah. MH 4 ‘Seder’ — name of the home service of the first night (in Israel), resp. the two first nights (outside Israel) of Passover, contained in the Haggadah. [From סדר. cp. Aram. סִדְרָא, Syr. סֶדְרָא (= arrangement, order, row), Akka. sidru, sidirtu (= row, battle line), and see סִדְרָה, סִדּוּר. In sense 4 סֵדֶר occurs for the first time in סֵפֶר הָאוֹרָה, a work attributed to Rashi (1040–1105).]

סַדָּר m.n. NH typesetter. [Nomen opificis formed from סדר according to the pattern פַּעָל.] Derivative: סַדָּרוּת.

סְדָר m.n. NH set up type, composition. [From סדר.]

סִדְרָה f.n. MH 1 weekly portion (of the Pentateuch). NH 2 series. [After Aram. סִדְרָא (= row, order; section, portion — of the Pentateuch), from סְדַר. See סדר.]

סַדָּרוּת f.n. NH typesetting. [Formed from סַדָּר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִדְרִיָּה f.n. NH jujube (tree). [From Arab. sidr, sidra.]

סַדְּרָן m.n. PBH 1 a systematic scholar. NH 2 one who likes order, an orderly person. NH 3 attendant in a theater, usher. [Formed from סדר with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: סַדְּרָנוּת.

סַדְּרָנוּת f.n. NH orderliness. [Formed from סַדְּרָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סהד to bear witness, testify.
    — Pi. - סִהֵד he bore witness, testified.
    — Hiph. - הִסְהִיד (of s.m.). [Aram.-Syr. סְהֵד (= he bore witness, testified), BAram. שָׂהֲדוּתָא (= testimony), Arab. shahida (= he bore witness, testified). cp. שָׂהֵד.]

סָהֵד m.n. MH witness. [From סהד. See שָׂהֵד.]

סָהוּר adj. NH moonlit. [From סַהַר ᴵ.]

סהר base of סַהַר ᴵ and סֹהַר. [Probrelated to שַׂהֲרוֹן (= little moon) and lit. meaning ‘to be round like the moon’, ‘to be round’.]

סַֽהַר ᴵ m.n. moon (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 7:3 in the phrase אַגַּן־הַסַּהַר, which is usually rendered by ‘the round bowl of the moon’, ‘full moon’). [From סהר. cp. סַהַר ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: סָהוּר.

סַֽהַר ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH enclosure for cattle. [Prob. related to סַהַר ᴵ and lit. meaning ‘a round enclosure’. For a similar sense development see סֹהַר.]

סְֹהַר m.n. prison. [Prob. lit. meaning ‘a round enclosure’ and related to סַהַר ᴵ. cp. סַהַר ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: סוֹהֵר.

סַהֲרוֹן m.n. PBH moon-shaped ornament. [A secondary form of שַׂהֲרוֹן.]

סַהֲרוּרִי adj. NH lunatic, somnambulist. [Formed from סַהַר ᴵ through reduplication of the third letter. Derivative: סַהֲרוּרִיּוּת.

סַהֲרוּרִיּוּת f.n. NH lunatism, somnambulism. [Formed from סַהֲרוּרִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַוַּאי m.n. NH camouflager. [From סוה.]

סוֹאֵן adj. noisy. [Part. of סָאַן; see סאן.]

סְוָאר, סְוָר m.n. PBH heap, pile of wood. [Prob. formed from צבר (= to heap), with change of צ to ס and ב to ו.] Derivatives: סַוָּר, סור ᴵᴵ.

סוּבּ◌ FW pref. of Latin origin meaning (= under). [L. sub-, from sub, sup (= under, below, beneath), which derive from IE base upo- (= from below), whence arose the meanings ‘turning upward’, ‘upward’; ‘up’, ‘over’, ‘beyond’. See ‘sub-’ and ‘up’ in my CEDEL. cp. הִפּוֹ◌. cp. also first element in סַפֽסָל.]

סוֹבֵא m.n. drunkard. [Act. part. of סָבָא. See סבא.]

סוֹבֵב m.n. PBH 1 ring, hoop. 2 parapet. [Subst. use of the part. of סָבַב (= to surround). See סבב.]

סוּבְּיֶקְט m.n. FW subject. [L. subjectus, p. part. of subicere, less correctly subjicere (= to subject, include, comprise), lit.: ‘to throw under’, from sub- (see סוּבּ◌) and jacere, p. part. jactus (= to throw), which is related to jacēre (= to lie), orig. ‘to cast oneself down’, and cogn. with Gk. iyenai (= to send, throw), Hitt. ijami (= I make). cp. סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִי. cp. also אוֹבְּיֶקְט, פְּרוֹיֶקְט, קָתֶטָר.]

סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִי adj. FW subjective. [Formed with suff. ◌ִי from Late L. subjectīvus (= of the subject, subjective), from L. subjectum (= grammatical subject), neuter of subjectus, p. part. of subicere. See סוּבְּיֶקְט. For the ending - īvus see suff. ‘-ive’ in my CEDEL.] Derivative: סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִיּוּת.

סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִיּוּת f.n. FW subjectivity. [Formed from סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִיזְם m.n. FW subjectivism. [Formed from Late L. subjectīvus (see סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִי) with suff. ◌ִיזְם.]

סוֹבֵל adj. NH suffering. [Pass. part. of סָבַל. See סבל.]

סוּבְּלִימַצְיָה f.n. FW sublimation. [Med. L. sublīmātiō, from L. sublīmātus, p. part. of sublīmāre (= to lift up), from sublīmis (= high, lofty, exalted), back formation from sublīmen, hence lit. meaning ‘coming up to below the lintel’, from sub (see סוּבּ◌) and līmen (= threshold, lintel), which is prob. related to līmes (= boundary, limit). See ‘limit’ and suff. ‘-men’ in my CEDEL.]

סוֹבְלָנוּת f.n. NH tolerance. [Formed from סוֹבֵל, act. part. of סבל (= to bear, carry; to suffer, tolerate), on the analogy of סַבְלָנוּת.]

סוֹבְלָנִי adj. NH tolerant. [Formed from סוֹבְלָנוּת, on the analogy of סַבְלָנוּת.]

סוּבְּסִידְיָה f.n. FW subsidy. [L. subsidium (= support, help; auxiliary troops, reserve), from subsīdere (= to settle down; to stay, remain), from sub- (see סּוּבְּ◌) and sīdere (= to sit down, settle), which is related to sedēre (= to sit). See ‘sedentary’ in my CEDEL and cp. ‘subside’ ibid.] Derivative: סבסד.

סוּבֶרֶנִי adj. FW sovereign. [Fren. souverain, from souverain, sovrain, from Med. L. superānus (= chief, principal; whence also Sp. soberano, It. soprano), from L. super (= over, above, on the top of, beyond). See סוּפֶּר and cp. סוֹפְּרָנוֹ. For the ending of סוּבֶרֶנִי see suff. ◌ִי.]

סוג ᴵ to move away, backslide.
    — Qal - סָג he moved away, backslided.
    — Niph. - נָסוֹג 1 he turned himself away, turned back; 2 he was turned back.
    — Hiph. - הִסִּיג he moved back (a boundary mark).
    — Hoph. - הֻסַּג was moved back. [Arab. sāja (= he went and came), saujān (= going and coming). cp. שׂוּג.] Derivatives: סִיג, סִיגָה, הַסָּגָה, מַסִּיג, תְּסוּגָה. cp. שׂוּג, שִׂיג.

סוג ᴵᴵ to fence about.
    — Qal - סָג he fenced about (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 7:3 in the f. pass. part. סוּגָה, ‘fenced about’).
    — Pi. - סִיֵּג he fenced about.
    — Pu. - סֻיַּג was fenced about.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּיֵג he fenced himself about, dissociated himself, had reservation. [Aram. סוּג (= to fence about), Syr. סָג (= he fenced about), Aram.-Syr. סְיָגָא (= fence). Arab. siyāj (= enclosure made with thorns) is perhaps an Aram. loan word.] Derivatives: סוּג ᴵᴵ, סוּג ᴵᴵᴵ, סוּגָה ᴵ, סְיָג, סִיּוּג, הִסְתַּיְּגוּת, מְסֻיָּג ᴵ. cp. סוּג ᴵⱽ.

סוג ᴵᴵᴵ to classify.
    — Pi. - סִוֵּג he classified.
    — Pu. - סֻוַּג was classified. [Denominated from סוּג ᴵᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: סִוּוּג, מְסֻוָּג, מְסֻיָּג ᴵᴵ.

סוּג ᴵ adj. moving back, turning aside. [Pass. part. of סָג; see סוג ᴵ.]

סוּג ᴵᴵ adj. 1 fenced. NH 2 (fig.) comfortable. [Pass. part. of סָג; see סוג ᴵᴵ.]

סוּג ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. MH class, type, category. [Denominated from סוג ᴵᴵ (= to fence). For sense development cp. the related סְיָג (= fence; restriction), and L. defīnīre (= to set limits, to determine, define).] Derivatives: סוּגָה ᴵᴵᴵ, סוּגִי.

סוּג ᴵⱽ m.n. PBH a large basket. [Prob. derived from סוג ᴵᴵ (= to fence about), and lit. meaning ‘that which encloses’.]

סוּגָה ᴵ f.n. PBH fence, enclosure. [Formed from סוג ᴵᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.]

סוּגָה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH name of a hitherto unidentified bird. [Of uncertain origin.]

סוּגָה ᴵᴵᴵ f.n. NH genre. [Formed from סוּג ᴵᴵᴵ.]

סוּגִי adj. MH belonging to a class. [Formed from סוּג ᴵᴵᴵ with suff. ◌ִי.]

סוּגְיָה, סֻגְיָה f.n. MH subject for study. [Aram. סוּגְיָא (= lit.: ‘walking, going’), from אַסְגִּי (= he walked, went). For sense development cp. הֲלָכָה (= law, rule, ‘Halachah’), which derives from הלך (= to go).]

סוּגֶסְטִיבִי adj. FW suggestive. [From L. suggestus, p. part. of suggerere. See סוּגֶסְטְיָה and suff. ‘-ive’ in my CEDEL. For the ending of סוּגֶסְטִיבִי see suff. ◌ִי.]

סוּגֶסְטְיָה f.n. FW suggestion. [Fren. suggestion, from L. suggestiō, from suggestus, p. part. of suggerere (= to lay beneath; to furnish, supply), from sub- (see סוּבּ◌) and gerere (= to bear, carry, produce, show, manifest, manage, rule, govern, accomplish, perform, do), which is of uncertain origin.]

סוּגַר m.n. 1 cage, prison (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 19:9). PBH 2 muzzle. [Perhaps a loan word from Akka. shigaru (= cage). See סגר.]

סוֹגֵר m.n. MH 1 second line of a verse, second hemistich (Med. prosody). NH 2 bracket. [Subst. use of the act. part. of סָגַר. See סגר.]

סוֹגְרַֽיִם m.n. dual brackets, parentheses. [Dual of סוֹגֵר.]

סוד ᴵ to plaster, whitewash.
    — Qal - סָד he plastered, whitewashed.
    — Pi. - סִיֵּד he plastered, whitewashed.
    — Pu. - סֻיַּד was plastered, was whitewashed.
    — Hith. - הִסֽתַּיֵּד he suffered from sclerosis. [Denominated from סִיד (= lime; whitewash); corresponding to Biblical Heb. שׂיד (q.v.).] Derivatives: סוּד, סַיָּד, סִיּוּד, מְסֻיָּד.

סוד ᴵᴵ to consult in whispers.
    — Hith. - הִסְתּוֹדֵד he consulted in whispers.
    — Hith. - הִסֽתַּיֵּד (of s.m.). [Denominated from סוֹד.] Derivative: הִסֽתּוֹדְדוּת.

סוֹד m.n. (pl. סוֹדוֹת) 1 counsel. 2 secret counsel. 3 council, assembly. PBH 4 secret. [Related to Syr. סְוָדָא, סוּוָדָא (= friendly, confidential speech), Arab. sāwada (= he spoke in secret).] Derivatives: סוד ᴵᴵ, סוֹדִי.

סוּד adj. PBH whitewashed. [Pass. part. of סָד. See סוד ᴵ.]

סוֹדָה f.n. FW soda. [Med. L. soda, from sodanum, lit.: ‘headache remedy’, from soda (= headache), from Arab. ṣudā, in vulgar pronunciation ṣodā (= splitting headache), from ṣaḍa‘a (= he split).]

סוֹדִי adj. MH secret. [Formed from סוֹד with suff. ◌ִי.]

סוֹדִיּוּת f.n. NH secrecy, privacy. [Formed from סוֹדִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוֹדֵר adj. NH 1 arranging. 2 ordinal (number). [Act. part. of סָדַר. See סדר.]

סוּדָר m.n. PBH 1 scarf, shawl. NH 2 sweater. [Back formation from supposed pl. סוּדָרִין, a word borrowed from Gk. soudariom, from L. sūdārium (= handkerchief), lit.: ‘cloth for wiping off perspiration’, from sūdor (= sweat, perspiration). L. sūdor derives from IE base sweid-, swoid-, swid- (= to sweat). See ‘sweat’ in my CEDEL and cp. ‘sudarium’ ibid.]

סוֹדְרָן ᴵ m.n. PBH methodical scholar. [Formed from סוֹדֵר, act. part. of סָדַר (see סדר), with agential suff. ◌ָן. cp. סוֹדְרָן ᴵᴵ.]

סוֹדְרָן ᴵᴵ m.n. NH index file. [Of the same origin as סוֹדְרָן ᴵ.]

סוה to camouflage, to hide, to conceal.
    — Hiph. - הִסְוָּה 1 he camouflaged; 2 he hid, concealed.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְוָה 1 was camouflaged; 2 was hidden, was concealed.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּוָּה 1 he camouflaged himself; 2 was camouflaged. [Denominated from מַסְוֶה.] Derivatives: סַוַּאי, הַסְוָאָה, הִסְתַּוּוּת, מֻסְוֶה.

סוֹהֵר m.n. NH jailer, warder, prison officer. [From סֹהַר.]

סִוּוּג m.n. NH classification, categorization. [Verbal n. of סִוֵּג, Pi. of סוג ᴵᴵᴵ.]

סוּחָה f.n. offal, refuse (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 5:25). [Derived from a base סוח, which is related to סחה (q.v.).]

סוֹחֲפָנִי adj. NH erosive. [Formed from סוֹחֵף, act. part. of סָחַף (see סחף), with suff. ◌ָנִי.]

סוֹחֵר m.n. trader, merchant, businessman. [Subst. use of the act. part. of סָחַר (see סחר), and lit. meaning ‘one going round’.] Derivatives: סוֹחֲרִי, סוֹחֶרֶת ᴵᴵ.

סוֹחֵרָה, סֹחֵרָה f.n. buckler (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 91:4). [Related to Syr. סַכּֽרָא (= shield), Akka. siḫirtu (= wall enclosing a town, city wall), whence Syr. סֽחַרְתָּא (= stronghold).]

סוֹחֲרִי adj. NH of a merchant, businesslike, commercial. [Formed from סוֹחֵר with suff. ◌ִי.]

סוֹחֶֽרֶת ᴵ, סֹחֶֽרֶת f.n. a stone used with marble in paving (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Est. 1:6). [Prob. related to Akka. siḫru, name of a precious stone.]

סוֹחֶֽרֶת ᴵᴵ f.n. NH a businesswoman. [f. of סוֹחֵר.]

סוט to turn aside, move aside.
    — Qal - סָט he turned aside.
    — Hiph. - הֵסִיט he shifted, moved.
    — Hoph. - הוּסַט was shifted, was moved.
    — Niph. - נִסּוֹט, נִסַּט (of s.m.). [A secondary form of שׂוּט; related to שׂטה, סטה.] Derivatives: הֶסֵּט, הֲסָטָה, מוּסָט, מָסוֹט. cp. סֵט, סִיּוּט.

סוֹטֶה adj. PBH turning aside, deviating. [Act. part. of סָטָה. See סטה.]

סוֹיָה f.n. FW soya. [Japanese shōyū, from Chinese chiang-yu (= soybean oil).]

סְוִיטָה f.n. FW suite (music). [Fren. suite, lit.: ‘continuation’, metathesized from siwte (read siute), from L. sequita, f. p. part. of sequere (= to follow), and prob. related to L. socius (= fellow, companion, associate). cp. ‘sequel’ in my CEDEL. cp. also סוֹצְיָאל־, סוֹצְיָאלִי.]

סוך to anoint.
    — Qal - סָךְ 1 he anointed; 2 he anointed himself. [Aram. סוּךְ, Akka. sāku (= to anoint). A secondary form of נסך ᴵ.] Derivatives: סִיכָה, אָסוּךְ, הֲסָכָה, מְסוּכָה ᴵᴵ.

סוֹךְ, סוֹכָה m.n. resp. f.n. PBH a large branch. [Secondary forms of Biblical Heb. שׂוֹךְ, שׂוֹכָה.]

סוֹכֵךְ m.n. 1 protecting shield (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Nah. 2:6). NH 2 umbrella. NH 3 umbel (botany). [From סכך (= to cover).] Derivatives: סוֹכְכוֹן, סוֹכְכִי.

סוֹכְכוֹן m.n. NH a small umbrella. [Formed from סוֹכֵךְ with dimin. suff. ◌וֹן.]

סוֹכְכִי m.n. NH umbelliferous (botany). [Formed from סוֹכֵךְ with suff. ◌ִי.]

סוֹכֵן, סֹכֵן m.n. 1 servitor, steward. NH 2 agent. [According to some scholars, subst. use of the act. part. of סָכַן (see סכן ᴵ). According to others it is related to Akka. shaknu (= governor of a province); see סְגֶּן.] Derivative: סוֹכְנוּת.

סוֹכְנוּת f.n. NH agency. [Formed from סוֹכֵן with suff. ◌וּת.] Derivative: סוֹכְנוּתִי.

סוֹכְנוּתִי adj. NH agential. [Formed from סוֹכְנוּת with suff. ◌ִי.]

סוֹל ᴵ m.n. PBH thorn. [Related to סִלּוֹן ᴵ (= thorn).]

סוֹל ᴵᴵ m.n. FW G sol (music) — the fifth tone in the diatonic scale. [From It. solfa (= gamut), which is formed from the first syllable of the words sol-ve and fa-mulī occurring in a Latin hymn. cp. סוֹלְפֶג׳.]

סוֹלֵד adj. PBH shrinking, rebounding, recoiling. [Act. part. of סָלַד. See סלד.]

סוֹלוֹ m.n. FW solo (music). [It. solo, lit.: ‘alone’, from L. sōlus (= alone, single), which is of uncertain origin. cp. סוֹלִיסְט, סוֹלְמִיזַצְיָה, סוֹלָן.]

סוֹלְחָן adj. NH forgiving, indulgent. [From סלח. For the ending see agential suff. ◌ָן. cp. סַלְחָן.] Derivative: סוֹלְחָנוּת.

סוּלְחָה f.n. NH peace, reconciliation, coming to terms. [From Arab. ṣulḥ, originally meaning ‘peacemaking’ between Moslems and non-Moslems; not related to Heb. סלח.]

סוֹלְחָנוּת f.n. NH forgiveness, indulgence. [Formed from סוֹלְחָן with suff. ◌וּת. cp. סַלְחָנוּת.]

סוֹלִידִי adj. FW solid; serious. [From L. solidus (= firm, strong, solid), which is related to sollus (= whole, entire), salvus (= safe). See ‘safe’ in my CEDEL. For the ending of סוֹלִידִי see suff. ◌ִי. cp. סוֹלִידָרִי.] Derivative: סוֹלִידִיּוּת.

סוֹלִידִיּוּת f.n. FW solidity; seriousness. [Formed from סוֹלִידִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוֹלִידָרִי adj. FW solidary. [Fren. solidaire, from L. in solidum (= for the whole), from in (= in), and solidum (= the whole sum), subst. use of the neuter of solidus (= solid). See סוֹלִידִי and suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סוֹלִידָרִיּוּת.

סוֹלִידָרִיּוּת f.n. FW solidarity. [Formed from סוֹלִידָרִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוּלְיָה, סֻלְיָה f.n. PBH sole (of a shoe). [L. solea (= sole of a sandal, sandal; a flat fish, the sole), from solum (= the lowest part of a thing, ground, bottom, base; the floor of a room), which is of uncertain origin.]

סוֹלִיסְט m.n. FW soloist (music). [See סוֹלוֹ and suff. ◌ִיסְט and cp. סוֹלָן.]

סוֹלְלָה f.n. 1 mound of earth, rampart. NH 2 battery (electricity). [From סלל (= to cast up). For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] Derivative: סוֹלֶלֶת.

סוֹלֶֽלֶת battery (electricity). [From סוֹלְלָה. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.]

סוֹלְמִיזַצְיָה f.n. FW solmization (music). [Formed from the syllables sol and mi. For the ending see suff. ‘-ization’ in my CEDEL.]

סוֹלָן m.n. NH soloist. [A hybrid coined from It. solo (= see סוֹלוֹ) and Heb. agential ◌ָן.]

סוֹלֶנוֹאִיד m.n. FW solenoid (electricity). [Fren. solénoïde, from Gk. soleneidos (= pipe-shaped), from solen (= pipe, channel), and eidos (= form, shape). For the first element see סִילוֹן, for the second see אִידֵאָה.]

סוֹלָנוּם m.n. FW Solanum (a genus of plants). [L. sōlanum, lit.: ‘sunflower’, from sōl (= sun), which derives from IE base sāwel-, sul-, which are - l- enlargements of base sāu-, sū- (= to shine; sun). See ‘sol’ in my CEDEL. For - en- enlargements of base sāu-, sū see ‘sun’ ibid. cp. סוֹלָר. cp. also הֶלְיוּם.]

סוֹלְפֶג׳ m.n. FW solfeggio (music). [It. solfeggio, from solfa (= gamut). See סוֹל ᴵᴵ.]

סוּלְפָה f.n. FW sulfa (chemistry). [From L. sulpur, sulphur, sulfur.]

סוּלְפָט m.n. FW sulfate (chemistry). [From L. See סוּלְפָה. For the ending see chemical suff. ‘-ate’ in my CEDEL.]

סוּלְפִיד m.n. FW sulfide (chemistry). [From L. See סוּלְפָה. For the ending see suff. ‘-ide’ in my CEDEL.]

סוּלְפִיט m.n. FW sulfite (chemistry). [From L. See סוּלְפָה. For the ending see subst. suff. ‘-ite’ in my CEDEL.]

סוֹלָר m.n. FW solar oil. [From L. sōlāris (= of the sun), from sōl (= sun). See סוֹלָנוּם.]

סוּמָא, סוֹמֵא m.n. PBH blind man. [From סמא (= to be blind).]

סוֹמֵךְ m.n. 1 supporter. PBH 2 pole pin. [Subst. use of the act. part. of סמך.] Derivative: סוֹמְכָה.

סוֹמְכָה f.n. NH easel, support. [Formed from סוֹמֵךְ, act. part. of סָמַךְ (see סמך), on the analogy of תּוֹמְכָה (of s.m.). cp. סָמוֹךְ, סָמוֹכָה.]

סוּמְפּוֹנְיָה f.n. 1 bagpipe. NH 2 symphony. [BAram., from Gk. symphonia (= concord of sound, harmony, agreement), from symphonos (= agreeing in sound), from syn (= with, together with) and phone (= sound). See פוֹנֶטִיקָה and cp. סִימֽפוֹנְיָה. cp. also סִמְפּוֹן ᴵᴵ. For the ending see suff. ◌ֽיָה.]

סָוָנָה f.n. FW savanna(h). [Sp. zavana (now spelt sabana), from Taino zavana.]

סוֹנֶטָּה f.n. FW sonnet. [Fren. sonnet, from It. sonetto (= a kind of song), prop. dimin. of son (= sound, song), from L. sonus (= sound), from base swen- (= to sound). See ‘sonant’ and ‘swan’ in my CEDEL and cp. דִּיסּוֹנַנְס, קוֹנְסוֹנַנְס, קוֹנְסוֹנַנְט and רֶזוֹנַנְס.]

סוֹנָטִינָה f.n. FW sonatina. [It. sonatina, properly ‘a short sonata’, dimin. of sonata (= an instrumental composition), lit.: ‘anything sounded’, from sonare (= to sound), from L. sonāre (= to sound), which stands for swenāre and is related to sonus. See סוֹנֶטָּה.]

סוּנִים m.n. pl. NH Sunnis (Moslem sect). [From Arab. sunnī, which is formed from sunna (= way, custom, course, tradition), with - ī, a suff. expressing relationship.]

סוּס m.n. horse. [Aram.-Syr. סוּסְיָא, Akka. sisū, Egypt. ssmt (= horse). See ‘equine’ in my CEDEL.] Derivatives: סוּסָה, סוּסוֹן, סוּסִי, סַיָּס.

סוּסָה f.n. mare (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 1:9 in the form סֻסָתִי). [f. of סוּס.]

סוּסוֹן m.n. NH small horse, pony. [Formed from סוּס with dimin. suff. ◌וֹן.]

סוּסִי adj. NH of a horse, horsy, equine. [Formed from סוּס with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סוּסִיּוּת.

סוּסִיּוּת f.n. NH horsiness. [Formed from סוּסִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוֹעֶה adj. rushing (said of a storm), stormy (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 55:9 in the phrase רוּחַ סוֹעָה, ‘a stormy wind’). [Act. part. of סעה.]

סוֹעֵר adj. stormy, raging. [Act. part. of סָעַר. See סער.]

סוף to come to an end, cease.
    — Qal - סָף came to an end, ceased.
    — Hiph. - הֵסִיף he made an end of. [Aram. סוּף (= to cease), Syr. סָף (= came to an end, ceased, perished), Arab. sāfa (= he disappeared, perished).] Derivatives: סוֹף, prob. also סוּפָה.

סוֹף m.n. end, finish. [From סוף. cp. Aram. סוֹפָא, Syr. סוּפָא (= end). It is prob. an Aramaism. cp. סֵיפָא, סְיָפָה.] Derivatives: סוֹפִי, סוֹפִית, מָסוֹף.

סוּף m.n. rush, reed; Typha (a genus of plants). [Egypt. twfj (= reed, rush). cp. Arab. ṣūf-al-bahr (= seaweed).]

סוֹפֵג adj. PBH absorbing. [Act. part. of סָפַג. See ספג.] Derivative: סוֹפְגָנִי.

סוֹפְגָנִי adj. NH absorbent. [Formed from סוֹפֵג with suff. ◌ָנִי.]

סוּפָה f.n. storm, tempest. [Prob. derived from סוף. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סוֹפִי adj. MH final, finite. [Formed from סוֹף with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סוֹפִיּוּת.

סוֹפִיּוּת f.n. NH finality. [Formed from סוֹפִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוֹפִיזְם m.n. FW sophism. [Gk. sophisma, from the stem of sophizein (= to make wise, instruct), from sophos (= clever, skilled, prudent, cunning, learned, wise), which is of uncertain origin. For the ending see suff. ◌ִיזְם. cp. סוֹפִיסְט. cp. also the second element in תֵּיאוֹסוֹפְיָה.]

סוֹפִיסְט m.n. FW sophist. [Gk. sophistes (= a clever, skillful, wise man; one who gave lessons in grammar, rhetoric, etc. for money, a quibbler), from the stem of sophizein. See סוֹפִיזְם and suff. ◌ִיסְט.]

סוּפִיקְס m.n. FW suffix. [L. suffixum, neuter p. part. of suffigere (= to attach, affix), from sub- (= under) and fīgere (= to fasten, fix).]

סוֹפִית f.n. NH suffix. [Coined by Prof. M.H. Segal (1878–1968) from סוֹף (= end), and suff. ◌וּת. cp. תְּחִלִּית.]

סוֹפֵר m.n. 1 scribe. PBH 2 scholar, teacher. PBH 3 masorete. NH 4 writer, author. [Part. of סָפַר (= he counted, numbered; used in the special sense ‘to write’. A similar sense development appears in Akka. shāpiru (= scribe, messenger, official), Punic and OAram. קפר (= scribe), Aram.-Syr. סָפְרָא (= scribe, scholar, teacher). cp. סָפְרָא.] Derivative: סוֹפְרוּת.

סוּפֶּר◌ FW pref. meaning ‘over’, ‘above’, ‘on the top of’, ‘beyond’. [L. super, related to suprā (of s.m.), and cogn. with Gk. uper (= over, above, beyond), from IE base uper-, uperi- (= over, above, beyond), which is properly a comparative from base upo- (= from below; turning upward, upward; up, over, beyond), whence also L. sub- (= under). See סוּבּ◌ and cp. הִיפֶּר◌, סוּבֶרֶנִי and סוֹפְּרָנוֹ. cp. also ‘over’ in my CEDEL.]

סוֹפְרוּת f.n. NH the profession of a scribe. [Formed from סוֹפֵר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוּפְרָזִ׳יזְם m.n. FW[[illegible]] suffragettism. [Formed with suff. ◌ִיזְם from Fren. suffrage, from L. suffrāgium (= voting tablet; vote, assent, support), properly ‘shout of approval’, from sub- (= under; see סוּבּ◌), and fragor (= breaking to pieces; crash, noise, din), from the stem of frangere (= to break), which derives from IE base bhreg- (= to break). See ‘break’ in my CEDEL.]

סוֹפְּרָנוֹ m.n. FW soprano (music). [It. soprano, a var. of sovrano (= highest; supreme, sovereign), from Med. L. superānus (= chief, principal), from L. super (= over, above, on the top, beyond). See סוּפֶּר◌ and cp. סוּבֶרֶנִי.]

סוֹפְשָׁבֽוּעַ m.n. NH weekend. [Compounded of סוֹף (= end) and שָׁבוּעַ (= week), on the analogy of Eng. weekend.]

סוֹצְיָאל◌ FW social- (combining form as in סוֹצְיָאל־דֶמוֹקְרָט, ‘social democrat’). [From L. sociālis. See סוֹצְיָאלִי.]

סוֹצְיָאלִי adj. FW social. [L. sociālis (= pertaining to companionship, companionable, social), from socius (= companion). cp. סוֹצְיָאלִיזְם.] Derivative: סוֹצְיָאלִיּוּת.

סוֹצְיָאלִיּוּת f.n. FW sociality. [Formed from סוֹצְיָאלִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוֹצְיָאלִיזְם m.n. FW socialism. [From Eng. socialism or Fren. socialisme. Eng. socialism was first applied (about 1830) to the teachings of Robert Owen. Fren. socialisme appears first about the same time and orig. denoted the teachings of Saint-Simon. Pierre Leroux (1797–1871), idealistic social reformer and Saint-Simonian publicist, expressly claims to be the originator of the word socialisme.]

סוֹצְיָאלִיסְט m.n. FW socialist. [Eng. socialist, formed from Eng. social and suff. -ist. The name arose about the same time as socialism (see סוֹצְיָאלִיזְם) and orig. denoted the adherents of Robert Owen. cp. Fren. socialiste, which appears about the same time and was first used by the adherents of Saint-Simon.] Derivative: סוֹצְיָאלִיסְטִי.

סוֹצְיָאלִיסְטִי adj. FW socialistic. [Formed from סוֹצְיָאלִיסְט with suff. ◌ִי.]

סוֹצְיוֹלוֹגְיָה f.n. FW sociology. [Fren. sociologie, a hybrid coined by the French philosopher Isidore Auguste Comte (1798–1857) from L. socius (= companion), and Gk. logia. See סוֹצְיָאלִי and ◌לוֹגְיָה.]

סור ᴵ to turn aside; to depart.
    — Qal - סָר 1 he turned aside; 2 he departed; 3 it came to an end, ceased.
    — Hiph. - הֵסִיר 1 he caused to turn aside; 2 he caused to depart, removed; 3 he put aside.
    — Hoph. - הוּסַר was taken away, was removed.
    — Pol. - סוֹרֵר he turned aside. [Related to זור ᴵ. cp. סיר. cp. also שׂור ᴵⱽ.] Derivatives: סוּר ᴵ, סוּר ᴵᴵ, סָרָה, הֲסָרָה.

סור ᴵᴵ to stack, heap.
    — Pi. - סִוֵּר he stacked, heaped. [Denominated from סְוָאר, סְוָר.]

סוּר ᴵ adj. removed, separated. [Pass. part. of סָר. See סור.]

סוּר ᴵᴵ m.n. degenerate branch (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 2:21 in the form סוּרֵי. [Substuse of סוּר ᴵ.]

סוֹר m.n. PBH leaven; whence fig. ‘original nature’, ‘character’. [Contraction of סֵאוֹר (q.v.).]

סַוָּר m.n. NH stevedore. [Nomen opificis formed from סְוָאר, סְוָר.] Derivative: סַוָּרוּת.

סְוָר see סְוָאר.

סוֹרֵג m.n. PBH latticework. [From סרג.]

סוּרוֹגָט m.n. FW surrogate. [L. surrogātus, p. part. of surrogāre (= to put in another’s place, substitute), from sub- (= under; see סוּבּ◌), and rogāre (= to ask, demand, to offer someone for election), properly ‘to have a desire for’.]

סַוָּרוּת f.n. NH stevedorage. [Formed from סַוָּר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוֹרֵֽחַ adj. spreading (occurring Ezek. 17:6 in the phrase גֶפֶן סֹרַחַת, ‘spreading vine’). [Act. part. of סָרַח. See סרח ᴵ.]

סוּרִי adj. NH Syrian. [Back formation from סוּרְיָה (= Syria). See סוּרְסִי.]

סוּרֵיאָלִיזְם m.n. FW surrealism. [Fren. surréalisme, lit.: ‘movement going beyond realism’, from sur- (= above, beyond), from L. super (see סוּפֶּר◌), and réalisme. See רֵיאָלִיזְם.]

סוּרְסִי adj. PBH Syrian, Syriac. [Formed from Syros (= Syrian), back formation from Syria (= Syria), from Syrioi (= Syrians), a name orig. given to the Assyrians — Syrioi being an aphetic form of Assyrioi (= Assyrians).]

סוֹרֵר adj. rebellious, stubborn. [Act. part. of סָרַר. See סרר.] Derivative: סוֹרְרוּת.

סוֹרְרוּת f.n. NH rebelliousness, stubbornness. [Formed from סוֹרֵר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סות to entice, seduce, allure.
    — Hiph. - הֵסִית, הִסִּית he enticed, seduced, allured.
    — Hoph. - הוּסַת was enticed, was seduced, was allured.
    — Niph. - נִסַּת (of s.m.). [A base with no equivalents in the other Sem. languages.] Derivatives: הֶסֵּת, הֲסָתָה, מוּסָת.

סוּת f.n. (pl. סוּתוֹת) garment (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Gen. 49:11 in the form סוּתֹה, ‘his garment’). [From סוה.]

סוֹתֵר adj. PBH contradictory. [Act. part. of סָתַר. See סתר ᴵᴵ.]

סחב to drag, draw, pull.
    — Qal - סָחַב he dragged, drew.
    — Niph. - נִסְחַב was dragged, was drawn.
    — Hiph. - הִסְחִיב he dragged, drew.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּחֵב he dragged himself, drew himself. [Phoen. סחב (= to drag), Arab. saḥaba (= he dragged along, trailed on the ground), Ethiop. saḥaba (= he dragged).] Derivatives: סַחַב, סְחָבָה, סַחֲבָן, סַחֶבֶת, סָחוּב, סְחִיבָה, הִסָּחֲבוּת, מִסְחָב.

סַֽחַב m.n. NH dragging. [From סחב.]

סְחָבָה f.n. garment worn out, rag (in the Bible occurring only Jer. 38:11 and 12, in the pl.). [From סחב. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סַחֲבָן m.n. NH pilferer. [Formed from סחב with agential suff. ◌ָן. The word lit. means ‘one who is used to drag things away’.]

סַחֶֽבֶת f.n. ‘red tape’. [Lit.: ‘disease of dragging’. Coined from סחב according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת, serving to form names of diseases. See אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.]

סחה to scrape off, wipe off.
    — Pi. - סִחָה he scraped off, wiped off (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 26:4 in the form וְסִחֵיתִי). [Arab. saḥā (= he scraped away).] Derivative: סְחִי.

סָחוּב adj. MH dragged. [Pass. part. of סָחַב. See סחב.]

סָחוּט adj. MH squeezed, pressed. [Pass. part. of סָחַט. See סחט and cp. שָׂחוּט.]

סִחוּי m.n. PBH swimming. [From שׂחה (= to swim). cp. Aram. סְחָא (= he swam).]

סְחוּס m.n. PBH cartilage. [This word arose through a misreading of חַסְחוּס (q.v.) as הַסְּחוּס, whose ה was mistaken for the article and was consequently dropped. For a similar misreading see דּוּת.] Derivative: סְחוּסִי.

סְחוּסִי adj. NH cartilaginous. [Formed from סְחוּס with suff. ◌ִי.]

סָחוּף adj. PBH 1 depressed. NH 2 swept away. [Pass. part. of סחף.]

סְחוֹר, סְחוֹר־סְחוֹר adv. PBH roundabout. [Aram., from סְחַר (= he went round). See סחר.] Derivative: סְחוֹר־סְחוֹרִי.

סִחוּר m.n. NH trading. [Verbal n. of סִחֵר, Pi. of סחר.]

סְחוֹרָה, סְחֹרָה f.n. 1 buying and selling (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 27:15). PBH 2 goods, merchandise. [From סחר. For the ending see first suff. ◌ה.]

סְחוֹרַנִּית adv. NH roundabout. [Formed from סְחוֹר on the analogy of אֲחוֹרַנִית (= backward).]

סְחוֹר־סְחוֹרִי adj. NH roundabout. [Formed from סְחוֹר־סְחוֹר (see סְחוֹר) with suff. ◌ִי.]

סחט to squeeze, press out.
    — Qal - סָחַט he squeezed, pressed out.
    — Niph. - נִסְחַט was squeezed out, was pressed out.
    — Nith. - נִסְתַּחֵט (of s.m.). [PBH equivalent to Biblical Heb. שׂחט (q.v.).] Derivatives: סַחְטָן, סָחוּט, סְחִיט, סְחִיטָה, מַסְחֵט, מַסְחִיט.

סַחְטָן m.n. NH extortioner, blackmailer. [Formed from סחט with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: סַחְטָנוּת, סַחְטָנִי.

סַחְטָנוּת f.n. NH extortion, blackmail. [Formed from סַחְטָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַחְטָנִי adj. NH extortive. [Formed from סַחְטָן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סְחִי m.n. offscouring, refuse (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Lam. 3:45). [From סחה.]

סְחִיבָה f.n. NH dragging. [Verbal n. of סָחַב. See סחב and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְחִיט m.n. NH pulp. [From סחט.]

סְחִיטָה f.n. PBH 1 squeezing, pressing. NH 2 extortion. [Verbal n. of סָחַט. See סחט and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְחִיף m.n. MH 1 sweeping, erosion. NH 2 embolus (medicine). [From סחף.]

סְחִיפָה f.n. MH sweeping, dragging, erosion. [Verbal n. of סָחַף. See סחף and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָחִיר adj. NH negotiable. [Coined from סחר (= to trade), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: סְחִירוּת.

סְחִירוּת f.n. NH negotiability. [Formed from סָחִיר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סָחִישׁ m.n. aftergrowth (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Kin. II 19:29). [Related to Akka. suḫushshu (= ‘a young date palm’). cp. the metathesized form שָׁחִיס (q.v.).]

סַחְלָב, שַׁחְלָב MH resp. NH Orchis (a genus of plants). (Arab. saḥlab, corrupted from tha‘lab in ḫuṣā al-tha‘lab (= the fox’s testicles), the Arabic name of the tubers of the Orchis mascula (so called from the resemblance of the roots to testicles). For sense development cp. Gk. orchis (= testicle; orchid). For the etymology of Arab. tha‘lab, see שׁוּעָל.]

סַחְלַבּ m.n. NH ‘sa’lep’ (oriental drink), julep, jalap. [From Arab. saḥlab.]

סחף to prostrate, sweep away.
    — Qal - סָחַף he prostrated, swept away, cast down (in the Bible occurring only Pr. 28:3 as a part. in the phrase מָטָר סֹחֵף, ‘a prostrating rain’).
    — Niph. - נִסְחַף was prostrated, was swept away (in the Bible occurring only Jer. 46:15).
    — Pi. - סִחֵף he overthrew, destroyed.
    — Pu. - סֻחַף was overthrown, was destroyed.
    — Nith. - נִסְתַּחֵף it was swept away, was flooded, was inundated. [Aram.-Syr. סְחַף (= he threw down, cast down, overturned), Akka. saḫāpu (= to throw down, overwhelm), Arab. saḥīfa (= violent rain). cp. also סָפִיחַ ᴵᴵ, סכף and שַׁחֶפֶת.] Derivatives: סַחַף, סְחֹפֶת, סְחִיף, סְחִיפָה, הִסָּחֲפוּת, הִסְתַּחֲפוּת, מְסֻחָף, תַּסְחִיף.

סַֽחַף m.n. NH erosion. [From סחף.]

סְחֹֽפֶת f.n. NH silt. [From סחף. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.]

סחר 1 to go about, travel about. 2 to go about or travel about as a merchant. 3 to trade, carry on business.
    — Qal - סָחַר 1 he went about to and fro; 2 he traded, carried on business.
    — Pi. - סִחֵר he traded, carried on business.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּחֵר (of s.m.). — Pe‘al‘al סְחַרְחַר NH moved, turned, palpitated.
    — Pil. - סִחְרֵר see סחרר. [Phoen. סחר (= merchant), Aram.-Syr. סְחַר (= he went about as beggar), Syr. סָחוֹרָא (= beggar), Akka. saḫāru (= to turn, surround), OSArab. סחר (= amulet).] Derivatives: סַחַר, סַחֲרָן, סִחוּר, סְחוֹר, סְחוֹרָה, סָחִיר, סוֹחֵר, סְחַרְחַר, סחרר, הִסְתַּחֲרוּת, מִסְחָר.

סַֽחַר m.n. 1 trade, traffic. 2 gain by buying and selling. 3 merchandise. [From סחר.]

סֹחֵרָה see סוֹחֵרָה.

סִחְרוּר m.n. NH spin. [Verbal n. of סִחְרֵר. See סחרר.]

סְחַרְחַר adj. NH moving, turning, palpitating. [From סְחַרְחַר, Pe‘al‘al of סחר.] Derivatives: סְחַרְחֵרָה, סְחַרְחֲרָנִי, סְחַרְחֹרֶת.

סְחַרְחֵרָה f.n. NH merry-go-round, carrousel. [Formed from סְחַרְחַר with first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְחַרְחֲרָנִי adj. NH turning round, causing dizziness. [Formed from סְחַרְחַר with suff. ◌ָנִי.]

סְחַרְחֹֽרֶת f.n. NH spell of dizziness. [From סְחַרְחַר. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.]

סַחֲרָן m.n. PBH merchant. [Formed from סחר with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: סַחֲרָנוּת.

סַחֲרָנוּת f.n. NH trade. [Formed from סַחֲרָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סחרר to cause dizziness.
    — Pil. - סִחְרִר he caused dizziness.
    — Hithpal. - הִסְתַּחְרֵר 1 he went round; 2 he felt dizziness. [Pil‘el of סחר.] Derivatives: סִחְרוּר, הִסְתַּחְרְרוּת, מְסַחְרֵר, מְסֻחְרָר.

סֵט m.n. deviation (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 101:3 in the pl. and prob. Meaning ‘deviations from the right path’). Also spelled שֵׂט (q.v.). See סוט.

סטה to turn aside; to go astray.
    — Qal - סָטָה NH 1 he turned aside; PBH 2 he went astray; PBH 3 (f.) she was unfaithful (said of a wife). [A secondary form of the Biblical base שׂטה. Related to סוט.] Derivatives: סֵטֶה, סְטִיָּה, סוֹטֶה, מִסְטֶה.

סֵטֶה adj. NH deviant, abnormal. [From סטה.]

סְטָו m.n. PBH colonnade, porch, portico. [From Gk. stoa (= colonnade, porch, corridor), from IE base sthōu-, sthāu-, sthū- (= upright; a post, pillar). See ‘steer’ (to direct) in my CEDEL and cp. ‘stauro-’ ibid.] Derivative: סְטוֹאִי.

סְטוֹאִי adj. FW Stoic. [Back formation from L. Stōicus, from Gk. Stoikos (= Stoic), lit.: ‘man of the Porch’, from stoa (= colonnade, porch, corridor); so called from the Stoa Poikile (= the Painted Porch) in the marketplace of Athens, where Zeno and his followers taught. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סְטוֹאִיּוּת.

סְטוֹאִיּוּת f.n. FW Stoicism. [Formed from סְטוֹאִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְטוּדְיוֹ m.n. FW studio. [It. studio (= artist’s workroom), lit.: ‘study’, from L. studium (= application, eagerness, zeal, assiduity, study), which is related to studēre (= to apply oneself to, to study). See סְטוּדֶנִט.]

סְטוּדֶנְט m.n. FW student (of a university). [L. studēns, pres. part. of studēre (= to apply oneself to, to study), which prob. meant orig. ‘to strike at something’, whence ‘to aim at something’, and is related to tundere (= to beat, strike). See ‘stint’ in my CEDEL.]

סָטוּף adj. NH pockmarked. [From סטף. cp. סָטִיף.]

סְטָז׳ m.n. FW internship (medicine), articles (law). [Fren. stage (of s.m.).]

סְטָטוּט m.n. FW (pl. סְטָטוּטִים) statute. [Fren. statut, from earlier estatut, from Late L. statūtum, properly neuter p. part. of statuere (= to set up, establish, constitute; lit.: ‘to cause to stand’), formed from stat-(um), p. part. stem of stāre (= to stand). See סְטָטִי. cp. קוֹנְטְטִיטוּצְיָה.]

סְטָטוּס m.n. FW status. [L. status (= mode of standing, position, attitude), from stat-(um), p. part. stem of stāre (= to stand). See סְטָטִי and cp. סְטָטִיסְטִיקָה.]

סְטָטוֹסְקוֹפּ m.n. FW statoscope. [Compounded of Gk. statos (= standing), and skopion, from skopein (= to look at, examine). See סְטָטִי and סְקֶפְּטִי.]

סְטָטִי adj. FW static. [Modern L. staticus, from Gk. statikos (= causing to stand, skilled in weighing, from statos (= placed; standing), from IE base stā- (= to stand). cp. ‘state’ in my CEDEL and words there referred to. cp. also סְטָטוּט, סְטָטוּס, דִיסְטַנְץ, סְטַנְצָה, second element in סִיסְטֶמָה, אֶקְסְטְזָה, אֶקְסְטָטִי, פוֹטוֹסְטָט, פְּרוֹזְדוֹר, פְּרֶסֽטוֹ, רֵיאוֹסְטָט, תֶּרְמוֹסְטָט, הִיסְטוֹלוֹגְיָה.]

סְטָטִיסְטִי adj. FW statistical. [Back formation from סְטָטִיסְטִיקָה. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.]

סְטָטִיסְטִיקַאי, סְטָטִיסְטִיקָן m.n. FW statistician. [Formed from סְטָטִיסְטִיקָה with suff. ◌ַאי, or ◌ָן.]

סְטָטִיסְטִיקָה f.n. FW statistics. [From Gk. Statistik. Coined by the German statistician Gottfried Achenwall in 1748 from Modern L. (collēgium) statisticum (= a college occupying itself with statistics), formed from L. status (= state, condition), and suff. - isticum. See סְטָטוּס.] Derivatives: סְטָטִיסְטִי, סְטָטִיסְטִיקַאי, סְטָטִיסְטִיקָן.

סְטָטִיקָה f.n. FW static. [From Gk. statikos (= causing to stand). See סְטָטִי.]

סְטֵיאָרִין m.n. FW stearin. [Fren. stéarine, coined by the French chemist Michel Eugène Chevreul (1786–1889), from Gk. stear (= fat), which is related to stia (= pebble), stile (= drop). See ‘stone’ in my CEDEL and cp. words there referred to.]

סְטִיָּה f.n. NH deviation, digression. [Verbal n. of סָטָה. See סטה and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָטִי״ל m.n. NH missile boat. [Formed from the initials of the words סְפִינַת c. st. of סְפִינָה (= boat), and טִילִיס (= missiles).]

סְטִילִיזַצְיָה f.n. FW stylization. [From Ger. stilisieren, from L. stilus (= pointed instrument, spike, pale), which is related to L. sti-mulus (= point, goad), īnstī-gāre (= to goad, prick). See ‘stimulus’ in my CEDEL. For the ending in סְטִילִיזַצְיָה see suff. ◌ִיזַצְיָה.]

סָטִין m.n. FW satin. [Fren. satin, from Arab. aṭlas zaytūnī (= tissue brought from Zaytun), Arabic name of the Medieval Chinese shipping port Tzut’ing (now Tsinkiang), in the province Fukien. Fren. satin was prob. influenced in form by It. setino, a word of identical origin, but assimilated to seta (= silk).]

סָטִיף adj. PBH pockmarked. [From סטף. cp. סָטוּפ.]

סְטִיפֶּנְדְיָה f.n. FW stipend. [From L. stipendium (= tax, pay, gift), haplologically shortened from stipipendium, from stips (= payment, donation), and the stem of pendére (= to pay). See ‘stipulate’ in my CEDEL. For the second element see קַפֶּנְדַּרְיָא.]

סְטִירָה ᴵ f.n. PBH slap. [Verbal n. of סָטַר. See סטר and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְטִירָה ᴵᴵ f.n. FW satire. [From L. satura (also satira), for satura lanx (= a dish filled with various kinds of fruits; mixture, medley; satire). First applied in this last sense to a collection of various poems by Ennius.]

סְטָלַגְמִיט m.n. FW stalagmite. [Modern L. stalagmitēs, from Gk. stalagmos (= a dropping, dripping), from stalassein (= to let drop; to drop, drip). See ‘state’ (to urinate), in my CEDEL and cp. סְטָלַקְטִיט.]

סְטָלַקְטִיט m.n. FW stalactite. [Modern L. stalactitēs, from Gk. stalaktos (= dropping, dripping), verbal adj. of stalassein. See סְטָלַגְמִיט.]

סטן to be an adversary, be hostile.
    — Qal - סָטַן he was an adversary, was hostile.
    — Hiph. - הִטֽטִין tr. & intr. v. 1 he accused; 2 he was an adversary. [A secondary form of Biblical Heb. שׂטן.]

סְטֶן m.n. FW sten (sub-machine gun). [Eng. Sten-gun. Formed from the initials of the words Sheppar-Turpin-ENgland.]

סְטַגְרַּרְד m.n. FW standard. [Eng. standard, from Fren. estendard, estandard, from L. extendere (= to stretch out). See ‘extend’ in my CEDEL.] Derivative: סְטַנְדַּרְטִי.

סְטַנְדַּרְטִי adj. FW standard. [Formed from סְטַנְדַּרְד with suff. ◌ִי.]

סְטֶנוֹגְרַמָּה f.n. FW stenogram. [Formed from Gk. stenos (= narrow), and gramma (= that which is written). The first element, which is related to steinein (= to make narrow), steinos (= a narrow space), is of uncertain origin. For the second element see גְרַם ᴵᴵ.]

סְטֶנוֹגְרָפִי adj. FW stenograph. [Back formation from סְטֶנוֹגְרַפְיָה. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.]

סְטֶנוֹגְרַפְיָה f.n. FW stenography. [Formed from Gk. stenos (see סְטֶנוֹגְרַמָּה), and graphia, from graphein (= to write). See ◌גְרַפְיָה.]

סְטֶנְסִיל m.n. FW stencil. [Eng. stencil (n.), from stencil (v.), from stancilen, stencilen, from Fren. esstenceler (= to spangle), from estencelle (= spark), from VL stincilla, from L. scintilla (of s.m.).]

סְטַנְצָה f.n. FW stanza. [It. stanza (= habitation, room), from VL stantia (= place, abode; lit.: ‘a standing’), from L. stāns, pres. part. of stāre (= to stand). See סְטָטִי. For sense development cp. Arab. bayt, which unites the meanings ‘house, room; verse’.]

סטף to cut, scarify, split.
    — Pi. - סִטֵּף he cut, scarified; split.
    — Pu. - סֻטַּף was cut, was scarified, was split. [Syr. סַטֵּף (= he cut, scarified), Arab. shaṭaba (= he cut into slices or strips), shaṭṭaba (= he made an incision).] Derivatives: סָטוּף, סָטִיף, מֻסְטָף.

סְטַקָּטוֹ adv. FW staccato. [It. staccato, p. part. of staccare, aphetic form of distaccare (= to detach, disconnect), which is related to Fren. destachier, détacher (= to detach; lit.: ‘to untack, disjoin), from des (= apart) and tache (= nail hook). See ‘dis-’ and ‘attach’ in my CEDEL and cp. ‘detach’ ibid.]

סטר to slap.
    — Qal - סָטַר he slapped.
    — Niph. - נִסְטַר was slapped.
    — Pi. - סִטֵּר he slapped.
    — Pu. - סֻטַּר was slapped. [Aram. סֽטַר (= he slapped). Perhaps related to סתר ᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: סְטִירָה, מִסֽטָר.

סִטְרָא m.n. PBH side. [Aram.; related to BAram. שְׂטַר, Egypt.-Aram. שׂטר, Syr. סָטְרָא (= side), Arab. shaṭr (= division, partition, separation). All these words derive from Aram.-Syr. שְׂטַר, var. of סְטַר (= he spread, he put at the side of).]

סְטְרָדִיבַרְיוּס m.n. FW Stradivarius. [Properly a violin made by Antonio Stradivarius of Cremona (1644–1737) or his sons.]

סְטְרוֹנְצְיוֹן m.n. FW strontium (chemistry). [Modern L. strontium, coined by the English chemist Sir Humphry Davy (1778–1829) from Strontian in Argyllshire, Scotland, where it was first found in 1787.]

סְטְרוּקְטוּרָה f.n. FW structure. [L. structūra (= a fitting together, adjustment, construction), from structus, p. part. of struere (= to pile up, join together, build, fabricate, make). See ‘strew’ and suff. ‘-ure’ in my CEDEL. cp. קוֹנְסְטְרוּקְצֽיָה.]

סְטְרָטוֹסְפֵירָה f.n. FW stratosphere. [Fren. stratosphere, lit.: ‘sphere of layers’, coined by the French meteorologist Léon Philippe Teisserenc de Bort (1855–1913) from L. strātus (= a spreading), and sphère (= sphere). For the first element see ‘stratum’ in my CEDEL. For the second see סְפֵירָה in this dictionary.]

סִטְרִי adj. NH of the side. [Formed from סְטַר, סִטְרָא (= side), and suff. ◌ִי.]

סְטֶרֵיאוֹ◌ FW stereo- (combining form). [Gk. stereo, from stereos (= firm, hard, solid, stiff), from IE base ster- (= stiff, rigid). See ‘stare’ in my CEDEL. See also סְטֶרִילִי in this dictionary.]

סְטֶרֵיאוֹטִיפּ m.n. FW stereotype. [Compounded of Gk. stereos (see סְטֶרֵיאוֹ), and typos (= blow, mark of a blow, impression, stamp on a coin, pattern, model). See טִיפּוּס.] Derivative: סְטֶרֵיאוֹטִיפִּי.

סְטֶרֵיאוֹטִיפִּי adj. FW stereotypic. [Formed from סְטֶרֵיאוֹטִיפּ with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סְטֶרֵיאוֹטִיפִּיּוּת.

סְטֶרֵיאוֹטִיפִּיּוּת m.n. FW stereotypy. [Formed from סְטֶרֵיאוֹטִיפּֽי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְטֶרֵיאוֹמֶטְרִיָּה f.n. FW stereometry. [Compounded of Gk. stereos (see סְטֶרֵיאוֹ◌) and metria (= a measuring of), from metron (= measure).]

סְטֶרֵיאוֹסְקוֹפּ m.n. FW stereoscope. [Eng. stereoscope, coined by the English physicist Charles Whetstone (1802–75) from Gk. stereos (see סְטֶרֵיאוֹ◌) and skopion, from skopein (= to look at, examine). See סְקֶפּֽטִי.]

סְטְרִיכְנִין m.n. FW [Fren. strychnine, formed from L. strychnos (= nightshade), from Gk. strychnos (of s.m.), which is of uncertain origin; so called because it was first found in the plants Strychnos Ignatii (in 1818).]

סְטֶרִילִי adj. FW sterile. [L. sterilis (= barren, unfruitful), cogn. with Gk. stereos (= firm, solid; stiff; hard), steira (= a barren woman, a barren cow), steriphos (= firm, hard, sterile), from IE base ster- (= barren, sterile), orig. identical with base ster- (= stiff, rigid). See סְטֶרֵיאוֹ◌. For the ending of סְטֶרִילִי see suff. ◌ִי.]

סְטְרֶפְּטוֹמִיצִין m.n. FW streptomycin (an antibiotic drug first isolated by the American microbiologist Selman Abraham Waksman in 1944. [Coined from Gk. streptos (= easy to bend, pliant), and mykes (= fungus). cp. ‘strophe’ in my CEDEL.]

סְטְרֶפְּטוֹקוֹקוּס m.n. FW streptococcus (a genus of bacteria). [Medical L. streptococcus, coined by Albert Theodor Billroth, a Viennese surgeon (1829–94) from Gk. streptos (see סְטְרֶפְּטוֹמִיצִין) and kokkos (= grain of the kermes, kernel, berry), which is prob. a foreign word.]

סְטֶתּוֹסְקוֹפּ m.n. FW stethoscope. [Fren. stéthoscope, lit.: ‘instrument for examining the breast’, coined by the French physician René Théophile Hyacinthe Laënnec in 1819 from Gk. stethos (= breast), and skopion, from skopein (= to look at, examine).]

סִי m.n. FW si (music) — the seventh note in solmization. [It. si.]

סִיאָה f.n. PBH cress, savory. [Of unknown origin.]

סִיב m.n. PBH fiber. [A secondary form of צִיב.] Derivative: סִיבִי.

סִיבִי adj. NH fibrous. [Formed from סִיב with suff. ◌ִי.]

סִיבִית f.n. NH fibril. [From סִיב.]

סִיג m.n. dross, base metal. [Derived from סוג ᴵ and lit. meaning ‘that which is removed from the metal’.] Derivative: סִיגִית.

סיג see סוג ᴵᴵ.

סְיָג m.n. PBH hedge, fence. [From סוג ᴵᴵ (= to fence in).]

סִיגִית f.n. NH dross, base metal. [Formed from סִיג (q.v.) with suff. ◌ִית.]

סִיגְנָל m.n. FW signal. [Fren. signal, from Late L. signāle (= a signal), properly neuter of the adjective signālis (= pertaining to a sign), from L. signum (= mark, token, sign), which is prob. related to secāre (= to cut). See ‘section’ and adj. suff. ‘-al’ in my CEDEL.]

סִיגָר m.n. FW cigar. [Sp. cigarro, from Maya sigar (= to smoke tobacco).]

סִיגָרִיָּה f.n. NH cigarette. [Formed from סִיגָר on the analogy of Fren. cigarette, dimin. formed from cigare (= cigar). For the ending see suff. ◌ִיָּה.]

סִיד m.n. PBH 1 lime, plaster. 2 whitewash. [MH. equivalent of Biblical Heb. שִׂיד (q.v.).] Derivatives: סוד ᴵ, סֵיָּד, סִידִי, סִידָן.

סַיָּד m.n. PBH 1 plasterer. NH 2 whitewasher. [Nomen opificis formed from סִיד according to the pattern פַּעָל.] Derivative: סַיָּדוּת.

סיד to whitewash, to plaster. [Pi. of סוד ᴵ. See סוד ᴵ.]

סַיָּדוּת f.n. NH whitewashing. [Formed from סַיָּד with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִידִי adj. NH containing lime, calciferous. [Formed from סִיד with suff. ◌ִי.]

סִידָן m.n. NH calcium (chemistry). [Formed from סִיד with suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: סִידֶנֶת.

סִידֶֽנֶת f.n. NH calcinosis. [From סִידָן.]

סִיּוּג m.n. NH fencing. [Verbal n. of סִיֵּג, Pi. of סוג ᴵᴵ.]

סִיּוּד m.n. PBH 1 plastering. NH 2 whitewashing. [Verbal n. of סִיֵּד, Pi. of סוד ᴵ.]

סִיּוּט m.n. MH nightmare. [Aram. סִיּוּטָא, prob. a derivative of סוט (= to move).] Derivatives: סִיּוּטִי, סיט.

סִיּוּטִי adj. NH nightmarish. [Formed from סִיּוּט with suff. ◌ִי.]

סִיּוּם m.n. PBH 1 end. MH 2 ending, finishing, conclusion. NH 3 graduation exercises. [Verbal n. of סִיֵּם, Pi. of סים ᴵ.]

סִיוָן m.n. ‘Sivan’, name of the third month of the Jewish Year. [From Akka. simānu, which lit. means ‘fixed date, time’. See זְמָן.]

סִיּֽוּעַ m.n. PBH help, assistance. [Verbal n. of סִיַּע, Pi. of סיע.]

סִיּוּף m.n. NH fencing. [Verbal n. of סִיֵּף, Pi. of סיף ᴵ.]

סִיּוּר m.n. NH 1 visit, trip, tour. 2 reconnaissance (military). [Verbal n. of סִיֵּר, Pi. of סיר.]

סִיזִיפִי adj. FW Sisyphean. [Formed with suff. -an from L. Sisypheius, from Gk. Sisyphoios, from Sisyphos, a crafty king of ancient Corinth, condemned in the nether world forever to roll a rock up a hill which constantly rolled down again.]

סיח to talk, say.
    — Qal - סָח talked, said.
    — Hiph. - הֵסִיחַ he talked, said, spoke. [MH var. of Biblical שׂיח.] Derivative: סִיחָה.

סְיָח m.n. NH 1 foal. PBH 2 young ass.

סִיחָה f.n. PBH talk, conversation, discourse. [Verbal n. of סָח. See סיח and first suff. ◌ָה and cp. שִׂיחָה.]

סיט to cause nightmares, to frighten.
    — Pi. - סִיֵּט he caused nightmares, frightened by nightmares.
    — Pu. - סֻיַּט was frightened by nightmares. [Denominated from סִיּוּט.]

סִיט m.n. PBH span (measure). [Together with Syr. סִיטָא (of s.m.), of unknown etymology.] Derivative: מְסֻיָּט.

סִיטוּאַצְיָה f.n. FW situation. [Fren. situation, from Med. L. situātiō (= situation, position). cp. ‘site’ in my CEDEL and words there referred to. For the ending of סִיטוּאַצְיָה see suff. ◌ַצְיָה in this dictionary.]

סִיטוֹן, סִיטוֹנַאי PBH resp. NH (pl. סִיטוֹנוֹת, סִיטוֹנִים, resp. סִיטוֹנָאִים) wholesale merchant, wholesaler. [Gk. sitones (= buyer of corn), from sitos (= wheat, corn, grain, meal, flour, bread), which is of uncertain origin.] Derivatives: סִיטוֹנוּת, סִיטוֹנִי.

סִיטוֹנוּת f.n. wholesale. [Formed from סִיטוֹן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִיטוֹנִי adj. NH wholesale. [Formed from סִיטוֹן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סִיכָה f.n. PBH anointing. [Verbal n. of סָךְ. See סוך and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סִילוֹ m.n. FW silo. [Sp. silo, from L. sīrus, from Gk. siros (= pit for storing grain), which is of uncertain origin.]

סִילוּאֶט m.n. FW silhouette. [Fren. silhouette, named satirically after Etienne de Silhouette (1709–67), French finance minister who was ridiculed by the nobility for his undue economies.]

סִילוֹגִיזְם m.n. FW syllogism. [Gk. syllogismos (= computation, calculation). See pref. סִינְ◌, לוֹגוֹס and suff. ◌ִיזְם.]

סִילוֹן m.n. (pl. סִילוֹנוֹת, also סִילוֹנִים) PBH 1 duct, pipe. PBH 2 stream. NH 3 jet plane, jet (shortened from מְטוֹס סִילוֹן). [From Gk. solen (= pipe, channel), which is of uncertain origin.] Derivative: סִילוֹנִי.

סִילוֹנִי adj. jet. [Formed from סִילוֹן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סִילִיקָט m.n. FW silicate (chemistry). [From Modern L. silica, from L. silex (= flint, pebblestone), which is of uncertain origin. For the ending of סִילִיקָט see chemical suff. ‘-ate’.]

סים to end, finish, terminate.
    — Pi. - סִיֵּם 1 he ended, finished, terminated; 2 he marked, designated.
    — Pu. - סֻיַּם NH 1 was ended, was finished, was terminated; PBH 2 was marked, was designated.
    — Nith. - נִסְתַּיֵּם was ended, was terminated. [A secondary form of שִׂים (= to set, put, place).] Derivatives: סִיּוּם, סִיֹּמֶת, הִסְתַּיְּמוּת, מְסֻיָּם.

סִימְ◌ FW pref. meaning ‘with’, ‘together with’. [Gk. sym-, assimilated form of syn- before m. See סִינְ◌.]

סִימְבּוֹלִי adj. FW symbolic(al). [Formed with suff. ◌ִי from Gk. symbolon (= token, sign, pledge, guarantee, symbol), properly ‘something thrown together’, from symballein (= to throw together), from sym (see סִימְ◌) and ballein (= to throw). See בַּלִּיסְטִיקָה and cp. סִימְבּוֹלִיזְם.] Derivative: סִימֽבּוֹלִיּוּת.

סִימְבּוֹלִיּוּת f.n. FW symbolism. [Formed from סִימְבּוֹלִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִימְבּוֹלִיזְם m.n. symbolism. [From Gk. symbolon. See סִמְבּוֹלִי and suff. ◌ִיזְם.]

סִימְבְּיוֹזָה f.n. FW symbiosis. [Gk. symbiosis (= a living together), from symbios (= living together), from sym- (see סִימְ◌), and bios (= life). See וִיטָלִי.]

סִימָה, סִימָא f.n. PBH treasure. [From Aram. סִימָא, Syr. סִימְתָא (= treasure), lit.: ‘something laid down or deposited’, from סִים (= to put, place, lay), which is related to Heb. שִׂים (of s.m.; q.v.).]

סִימוּלְטָנִי adj. FW simultaneous. [Late L. simultāneus, from L. simul (= together, at the same time), from Old L. semol, semul, from IE base sem- (= one, together). See ‘same’ in my CEDEL and cp. the second element in פַקְסִימִילֶה.]

סִימֶטְרִיָּה f.n. FW symmetry. [Fren. symmétrie, from L. symmetria, from Gk. symmetria (= due proportion; lit.: ‘a measuring together’), from symmetros (= commensurate, of like measure), from sym (see סִימְ◌) and metron (= measure). See מֶטֶר and suff. ◌יָה.]

סִימָן m.n. PBH (also סִמָּן) 1 sign, mark, signal. PBH 2 mnemonic sign. MH 3 paragraph. [From Gk. semeion, whence also Aram. סִימָנָא, Arab. sīmā (= sign, mark). Gk. semeion derives from sema (= sign), which is cogn. with Old I. dhīḥ, dhyānaḥ (= thought). See ‘dhyana’ in my CEDEL. and cp. ‘semeio’ ibid. cp. also סֵימַנְטִיקָה, סִיסְמָה, נִסְמָן, אֲסִימוֹן, סִמְטָא ᴵᴵ and the second element in סֶמָפוֹר.] Derivatives: סִימָנִיָּה, סִימָנִית, תַּסְמִין.

סִימַנּוֹף m.n. NH landmark. [Compounded from סִימָן (= mark) and נוֹף (= landscape, panorama, scene), and analogy of Eng. landmark.]

סֵימַנְטִי adj. FW semantic. [Back formation from סֵימַנְטִיקָה. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.]

סֵימַנְטִיקָה f.n. FW semantics. [Fren. sémantique. [Coined by Michel Bréal, author of Essai de sémantique (1897) from Gk. semantikos (= significant, meaning), from seimainein (= to signify), from seima (= sign). See סִימָן.]

סִימָנִיָּה f.n. NH bookmark. [Formed from סִימָן with suff. ◌ִיָּה.]

סִימָנִית f.n. PBH a small sign. [Formed from סִימָן with dimin. suff. ◌ִית.]

סִימְפּוֹזְיוֹן m.n. FW symposium. [Gk. symposion (= a drinking feast; lit.: ‘a drinking together’), from sym- (= with, together with), posis (= a drinking), which is related to pinein (= to drink), and to L. pōtāre (= to drink), pōtiō (= a draft, drink). See ‘potion’ in my CEDEL.]

סִימְפוֹנִי adj. FW symphonic(al). [Back formation from סִימְפוֹנְיָה. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.]

סִימְפוֹנְיָה f.n. FW symphony. [Gk. symphonia (= concord of sound, harmony, agreement). See סוּמֽפּוֹנְיָה.]

סִימְפְּטוֹם m.n. FW symptom. [Gk. symptoma (= chance, occurrence; lit.: ‘a falling together’), from sym (= with, together with), and piptein (= to fall). See ‘feather’ in my CEDEL and cp. words there referred to. cp. also פֶּטִיצְיָה.]

סִימְפְּטוֹמָטִי adj. FW symptomatical. [Back formation from Gk. symptomatikos (= accidental, casual), from symptoma. See סִימְפְּטוֹם and suff. ◌ִי.]

סִימְפָּתֶטִי adj. FW sympathetic (in its medical sense). [Gk. sympathetikos (= sympathetic), from sympatheis (= affected by like feelings). See סִימְפַּתְיָה.]

סִימְפָּתִי adj. FW sympathetic (in its general sense). [Back formation from סִימְפַּתְיָה. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.]

סִימְפַּתְיָה f.n. FW sympathy. [L. sympathia, from Gk. sympatheia (= fellow-feeling, sympathy), from sympatheis (= affected by like feelings), from sympathein (= to be affected by like feelings; lit.: ‘to suffer with’), from sym (= with, together with; see סִימְ◌), and pathos (= suffering). See פָּתֶטִי.]

סִיֹּֽמֶת f.n. NH suffix. [Formed from סִיֵּם (= he ended, finished, terminated), Pi. of סים with suff. ◌ָת.]

סִין ᴵ f.n. China (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 49:12 in the phrase אֶרֶץ סִינִים, ‘the land of the Sinim’). The Sinim are identified by many scholars with the Chinese. cp. Ptolemaic Gk. sinai (= the Chinese). Derivative: סִינִי.

סִין ᴵᴵ f.n. MH ‘sin’ (secondary form of שִׂין, name of the twenty-first letter of the Heb. alphabet).

סִינְ◌ FW pref. meaning ‘with, together with’. [Gk. syn (= with, together with). Of uncertain origin. cp. סִימְ◌.]

סִינְדִּיקָט m.n. FW syndicate. [Med. L. syndicātus, properly p. part. of syndicāre (= to examine, censure), from Late L. syndicus, from Gk. syndikos (= one who helps in a court of justice, advocate), from syn (= with, together with); see סִינְ◌, and dike (= custom, usage; judgment, justice), which is cogn. with L. dīcere (= to say, tell). See דִּיקְטָטוֹר and cp. סִינְדִּיקָלִיזְם. cp. also סַנֽדָּק.]

סִינְדִּיקָלִיזְם m.n. FW syndicalism. [See סִינֽדִּיקָט. For the endings see adj. suff. ‘–al’ in my CEDEL and suff. ◌ִיזְם in this dictionary.]

סִינוֹד m.n. FW synod. [Gk. synodos (= meeting, assembly), from syn (= with, together with; see סִינֽ◌), and odos (= way). See אֵלֶקְטְרוֹד.]

סִינוֹלוֹג m.n. FW Sinologue. [Back formation from סִינוֹלוֹגְיָה.]

סִינוֹלוֹגְיָה f.n. FW Sinology. [Compounded of Ptolemaic Gk. sinai (= the Chinese), and Gk. - logia. See ◌לוֹגְיָה.]

סִינוֹנִים m.n. FW synonym. [Gk. synonimon, neuter of the adj. synonimos used as a noun (lit. meaning ‘having the same name as’). Formed from syn (= with, together with; see סִינְ◌), and onima, dial. form of onoma (= name), which is cogn. with L. nōmen (= name). See נוֹמִינָלִי.] Derivative: סִינוֹנִימִי.

סִינוֹנִימִי adj. FW synonymous. [Formed from סִינוֹנִים with suff. ◌ִי.]

סִינוּס m.n. FW sine (geometry). [L. sinus (= the fold of a garment; bosom; curve, gulf). As a mathematical term L. sinus was first used by Gherardo of Cremona in his translation from the Arabic (about the year 1150) to render Arab. jayb (= chord of an arc; sine), which he confused with Arab. jayb (= fold of a garment).]

סִינוֹפְּטִי adj. FW synoptic. [Gk. synoptikos (= taking a general view), from synopsis. See סִינוֹפְּסִיס and suff. ◌ִי.]

סִינוֹפְּסִיס m.n. FW synopsis. [Gk. synopsis (= general view; lit.: ‘a seeing together’), from syn (= with, together with), and opsis (= sight, view), from IE base op (= to see; eye), whence also ops (= eye, face). See אוֹפְּטִי and cp. סִינוֹפְּטִי.]

סִינְטַקְסִיס m.n. FW syntax. [Gk. syntaxis (= a putting together, a putting together of words, syntax), from the stem of syntassein (= to put together in order), from syn (= with, together with), and tassein (= to order, arrange). See טֶכֶס.]

סִינַי m.n. 1 Mount Sinai. PBH 2 an erudite scholar.

סִינִי adj. Chinese. [Formed from סִין with suff. ◌ִי.]

סִינְיוֹר m.n. FW signor. [It. signore, signor, from L. seniōr (= older), compar. of senex (= old). See סֶנָט.]

סִינְכְּרוֹנִי adj. FW synchronic(al). [Formed with suff. ◌ִי from Gk. synchronos (= contemporary), which is formed from syn (= with, together with; see סִינְ◌) and chronos (= time). See כְּרוֹנִי.] Derivative: סנכּרן.

סִינְכְּרוֹנִיזְם m.n. FW synchronism. [Gk. synchronismos, from synchronizein (= to be contemporary with), from synchronos. See סִינְכְּרוֹנִי and suff. ◌ִיזְם.]

סִינְכְּרוֹנִיזַצְיָה f.n. FW synchronization. [From Gk. synchronizein. See סִינְכְּרוֹנִיזְם and suff. ◌ַצְיָה.]

סִינֶמָה f.n. FW cinema. [Eng. cinema, short for cinematograph, from Fren. cinématographe, which was coined by the brothers Lumière in 1896 from Gk. kinema (= motion) and graphos, from graphein (= to write).]

סִינְקוֹפָּה f.n. FW syncope. [Gk. synkope (= a cutting up, cutting short; syncope), from the stem of synkoptein (= to cut up), from syn (= with, together with), and koptein (= to cut). cp. מְסֻנְקָף. cp. also קוֹפִיץ.]

סִינְקְרֶטִיזְם m.n. FW syncretism. [Gk. synkretismos (= union), from synkretizein (= to combine against a common enemy), from syn (= with, together with; see סִינְ◌), and kretizein (= to mix, blend), from krasis (= mixture). See ‘crater’ in my CEDEL.]

סִינְתֶּזָה f.n. FW synthesis. [Gk. synthesis (= a putting together, composition), from syn (= with, together with; see סִינְ◌), and tithenai (= to put, place), which derives from IE base dhē- (= to put, place). See ‘do’ (v.) in my CEDEL and cp. ‘theme’ ibid.]

סִינְתֶּטִי adj. FW synthetic. [Gk. synthetikos (= constructive), from synthetos (= put together, constructed, compound), verbal adj. of syntithenai. See סִינְתֶּזָה and suff. ◌ִי.]

סִיס ᴵ m.n. swift (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 8:7). [Prob. of imitative origin. cp. סִיסָנִית.]

סִיס ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH tuft, tassel. [Prob. related to צִיץ.]

סַיָּס m.n. NH groom, horseman. [From סוּס (= horse).] Derivatives: סיס, סַיָּסוּת.

סיס to drive a horse.
    — Pi. - סִיֵּס he drove a horse. [Denominated from סַיָּס.]

סַיָּסוּת f.n. NH horsemanship. [Formed from סַיָּס with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִיסְטֶמָה f.n. FW system. [Gk. systema (= composition), lit.: ‘a placing together’, from synistenai (= to place together), from syn (= with, together with; see סִינְ◌), and istenai (= to place, to stand). See סְטָטִי.]

סִיסְטֶמָתִי adj. FW systematic. [Back formation from Gk. systematikos, from systema. See סִיסְטֶמָה and suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סִיסְטֶמָתִיּוּת.

סִיסְטֶמָתִיּוּת f.n. FW systematization. [Formed from סִיסְטֶמָתִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִיסְטֶמָתִיקָה f.n. FW systematics. [From Gk. systematikos. See סִיסְטֶמָתִי.]

סִיסְמָה f.n. (pl. סִיסְמוֹת, also סִיסְמָאוֹת) PBH 1 sign, signal. NH 2 slogan, motto. [Gk. syssemon (= signal), formed from syn (= with, together with; see סִינְ◌), and sema (= sign). See סִימָן.]

סֵיסְמוֹ◌ FW combining form meaning ‘of an earthquake’ or ‘connected with an earthquake’. [Gk. seismo- from seismos (= earthquake).]

סֵיסְמוֹגְרַמָּה f.n. FW seismogram. [Compounded of סֵיסְמוֹ◌ and Gk. gramma (= that which is written). See גְּרַם.]

סֵיסְמוֹגְרָף m.n. FW seismograph. [Compounded of סֵיסְמוֹ◌ and Gk. - graphos, from graphein (= to write). See ◌גְרָף.]

סֵיסְמוֹמֶטֶר m.n. FW seismometer. [Compounded of סֵיסְמוֹ◌ and Gk. metron (= measure). See מֶטֶר.]

סֵיסְמִי adj. FW seismic. [From Gk. seismos (= earthquake). See סֵיסְמוֹ◌ and suff. ◌ִי.]

סִיסָנִית f.n. NH Poa (a genus of plants). [Perhaps derived from סִיס ᴵ.]

סיע to help, assist, support.
    — Pi. - סִיַּע he helped, assisted, supported.
    — Nith. - נִסְתַּיַּע was helped, was supported. [Aram. סַיַּע (= he helped, assisted), Arab. shā‘a (= he followed).] Derivatives: סַיָּע, סַיַּעַת, סִיעָה, סַיַּעְתָּא, סִיּוּעַ, הִסְתַּיְּעוּת.

סַיָּע m.n. technical assistant. [Nomen opificis formed from סִיַּע, Pi. of סיע.]

סִיעָה f.n. PBH 1 followers, company, band, society. NH 2 faction. [From סיע. cp. Aram.-Syr. סִיעָא, סִיעֲתָא (= company, troop, band). Arab. shī‘a (= followers, faction, party, sect), is prob. an Aram. loan word. cp. שִׁיעִי.] Derivative: סִיעָתִי.

סַיַּעַת f.n. technical assistant. [f. of סַיָּע (q.v.).]

סַיַּעְתָּא f.n. PBH help, assistance, support. [Aram., derived from סַיַּע (= he helped, assisted, supported); see סיע. Accordingly, the form of the ס is סַיַּעְתַּא (and not סִיַּעְתָּא, as given in other dictionaries).]

סִיעָתִי adj. NH factional. [Formed from סִיעָה with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סִיעָתִיּוּת.

סִיעָתִיּוּת f.n. NH factionalism. [Formed from סִיעָתִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַֽיִף m.n. PBH (pl. סְיָפִים, also סְיָפוֹת) sword. [From Aram. סַיְפָא (whence also Arab. sayf), from Egypt. sēfet (= sword), which is a derivative of the verb sft (= to slaughter).] Derivatives: סיף ᴵ, סֵיפָן. cp. סַיָּפָא.

סיף ᴵ to fence.
    — Pi. - סִיֵּף he fenced.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּיֵּף he fenced with someone. [Denominated from סַיִף.] Derivatives: סַיָּף, סִיּוּף, הִסְתַּיְּפוּף.

סיף ᴵᴵ to make an end to.
    — Pi. - סִיֵּף he made an end to, destroyed.
    — Pu. - סֻיַּף 1 was left (on the tree) to the end; 2 was late in ripening.
    — Nith. - נִסְתַּיֵּף was brought to an end, was completed. [Denominated from סוֹף.] Derivative: מְסֻיָּף.

סַיָּף m.n. PBH 1 swordsman. NH 2 fencer. [From סִיֵּף (= he fenced), Pi. of סיף ᴵ. cp. סַיָּפָא.] Derivative: סַיָּפוּת.

סַיָּפָא m.n. PBH (pl. סַיָּפִין) swordsman, warrior. [Aram., nomen opificis formed from סַיְפָא (= sword; see סַיִף), after the pattern פַּעָל. Arab. sayyāf (= executioner) is prob. an Aram. loan word.]

סֵיפָא m.n. PBH end, conclusion. [Aram., a collateral form of סוֹפָא. See סוֹף.]

סְיָפָה f.n. PBH late-ripening fruit. [Related to סוֹף (= end) (q.v.). cp. סִפְסוּף.]

סִיפוֹן m.n. FW [From Gk. siphon (= pipe, tube), which is of uncertain etymology. cp. סִמְפּוֹן ᴵ.]

סַיָּפוּת f.n. NH fencing. [Formed from סַיִף (= sword), with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִיפִילִיס m.n. FW syphilis. [Modern L. syphilis, from the title of the work by Girolamo Fracastoro ‘Syphilis sive de morbo Gallico’, published at Verona in 1530; so named after the hero Syphilus, a shepherd whose name lit. means ‘friend of swine’, from Gk. sys (= swine) and philos (= friend). See ‘sow’ (n.) and ‘philo-’ in my CEDEL.]

סֵיפָן m.n. NH gladiolus. [Formed from סַיִף (= sword), with suff. ◌ָן; properly loan translation of L. gladiolus, lit.: ‘a small sword’, dimin. of gladius. The plant was called gladiolus by Pliny from the swordlike leaves.]

סִיקוּס m.n. PBH excrescence on a tree, grain, knot. [Of uncertain origin; possibly borrowed from Gk. sykon (= fig), which is prob. a loan word from a Mediterranean language.] Derivative: מְסֻקָּס.

סִיקָרִי, סִיקָרִיקוֹן m.n. PBH 1 sicarian. 2 assassin, murderer. [L. sīcārius (= assassin, murderer), from sīca (= a curved dagger), which is related to sicilis (= a sickle, prop. ‘a cutting instrument’), and to secō, secāre (= to cut), from IE base seq- (= to cut). See ‘section’ and second suff. ‘-ary’ in my CEDEL.]

סיר to visit, tour.
    — Pi. - סִיֵּר he visited, toured.
    — Pu. - סֻיַּר was visited, was toured. [Related to סור.] Derivative: סַיָּר.

סַיָּר m.n. NH 1 tourist. 2 scout, reconnoiterer. [From סִיֵּר, Pi. of סיר. cp. Aram. סַיָּרָא (= examiner, spy).] Derivative: סַיָּרוּת.

סִיר ᴵ m.n. (pl. סִירוֹת, also סִירִים) pot, kettle. [Related to Arab. zīr (= a large jar.]

סִיר ᴵᴵ m.n. thorn. [See סִירָה ᴵᴵ.]

סִירָאוּת f.n. NH boating. [Formed from סִירָה ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִירַאי m.n. NH boatman. [Formed from סִירָה ᴵ with suff. ◌ַאי.]

סִירָה ᴵ f.n. boat (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Amos 4:2 in the pl.). According to several scholars the meaning of סִירָה is ‘hook’. [Of uncertain origin.] Derivatives: סִירָאוּת, סִירַאי.

סִירָה ᴵᴵ f.n. (pl. סִירִים, also סִירוֹת and סִירָאוֹת) Poterium (a genus of plants). [Of uncertain origin. cp. סִיר ᴵᴵ.]

סִירָה ᴵᴵᴵ f.n. refuse. [From Aram.-Syr. סְרִי (= it decayed, smelled offensively). cp. Arab. shariya (= the evil spread quickly), shary (= colocynth), Ethiop. sherāy (= venom).]

סִירוֹנִית f.n. PBH siren, mermaid. [Late L. sīrēna, from L. Sīrēn, from Gk. seiren, prob. meaning lit.: ‘the Binder’, from seira (= cord, rope), from IE base tver- (= to seize, hold). See ‘paries’ in my CEDEL and cp. סִירֶנָה.]

סִירוּפּ m.n. FW syrup. [Fren. sirop, from Med. L. sirupus, syrupus, from Arab. sharāb (= drink, beverage), from shariba (= he drank), which is related to MH שָׂרַף (= he absorbed, sipped, sucked) (q.v.).]

סַיָּרוּת f.n. scouting, reconnaissance. [Formed from סַיָּר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִירְיוּס m.n. FW Sirius (the dog star). [L. Sīrius, from Gk. seirios (lit.: ‘hot, scorching’).]

סִירִית f.n. NH a small pot. [Formed from סִיר ᴵ with dimin. suff. ◌ִית.]

סִירֶנָה f.n. FW siren. [Late L. sīrēna. See סִירוֹנִית.]

סַיֶּֽרֶת f.n. NH 1 cruiser, battle cruiser. 2 elite army or police unit engaged in special operations. [Formed from סַיָּר with suff. ◌ֶת.]

סָךְ ᴵ m.n. large crowd (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 42:5, of uncertain origin and meaning; usually rendered by ‘large crowd’, ‘throng’).

סָךְ ᴵᴵ PBH (pl. סָכִים) amount, sum. [Prob. meaning orig. ‘end’, and related to Syr. סָכָא (= end).]

סַךְ m.n. NH (pl. סַכִּים) cover, screen. [From סכך.]

סֹךְ m.n. (pl. סֻכִּים) 1 thicket. 2 hut. [From סכך. cp. שׂךְ.]

סכה to look, see.
    — Qal - סָכָה he saw, looked. [A secondary form of שׂכה.] Derivatives: סָכוּי, סִכּוּי, סָכוּת, סְכִיָּה, סִכָּיוֹן.

סֻכָּה f.n. 1 booth, tabernacle. PBH 2 ‘Sukkah’, name of a Mishnah, Tosephta and Talmud tractate in the order מוֹעֵד. [Lit.: ‘covert’, from סכך (= to cover). For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סִכָּה f.n. PBH pin, peg, brooch. [Together with Aram. סִכָּא, סִכְּתָא, Syr. סֶכְּתָא (= pin, peg, nail), prob. borrowed from Akka. sikkatu (= point; peg). See שׂכך ᴵᴵ and cp. שֵׂךְ.]

סָכוּי adj. PBH transparent. [Pass. part. of סָכָה (= he saw, looked). See סכה.]

סִכּוּי m.n. PBH 1 prospect, expectation. NH 2 perspective. [From סכה.]

סָכוּךְ adj. MH covered, thatched. [Pass. part. of סָכַךְ. See סכך. cp. שָׂכוּךְ.]

סִכּוּךְ m.n. PBH covering, thatching. [Verbal n. of סִכֵּךְ, Pi. of סכך.]

סְכוּכִית f.n. PBH glass. [A secondary form of זְכוּכִית.]

סִכּוּל m.n. NH upsetting, frustration. [Verbal n. of סִכֵּל, Pi. of סכל ᴵ.]

סְכוֹלַסְטִי adj. FW scholastic. [Back formation from סְכוֹלַסְטִיקָה. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.]

סְכוֹלַסְטִיקָה f.n. FW scholastics, scholasticism. [From Gk. scholastikos (= having leisure; devoting one’s leisure to learning, learned), from schole (= leisure, spare time; leisure devoted to learning; place of learning, school).]

סְכוּם m.n. PBH amount, sum. [From סכם (= to sum up, count).]

סִכּוּם m.n. NH summing up, summation. [Verbal n. of סִכֵּם, Pi. of סכם.]

סַכּוּ״ם cutlery. [Abbr. of סַכִּין (= knife), כַּף (= spoon) and מַזֽלֵג (= fork).]

סִכּוּן m.n. PBH endangering, risking, risk. [Verbal n. of סִכֵּן, Pi. of סכן ᴵᴵ.]

סָכוּף adj. PBH depressed, afflicted, miserable. [Pass. part. of סָכַף. See סכף.]

סִכּוּף m.n. PBH depression, affliction, misery. [From סכף.]

סָכוּר adj. NH dammed. [Pass. part. of סָכַר; see סכר ᴵ.]

סִכּוּר m.n. NH damming, shutting up. [Verbal n. of סִכֵּר, Pi. of סכר ᴵ.]

סָכוּת f.n. NH prognosis. [Formed from סכה with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְכִיָּה f.n. MH looking, seeing. [Verbal n. of סָכָה. See סכה and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סִכָּיוֹן m.n. MH outlook, prospect. [Formed from סכה (= to look, see), with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.]

סְכֵימָה f.n. FW scheme. [Gk. schema (= form, shape, figure, the nature of a thing). cp. ‘scheme’ and ‘hectic’ in my CEDEL. cp. also אַסְכּוֹלָה, אַכֽסְרָה, סְכוֹלַסֽטִיקָה, סְקִיצָה.] Derivative: סְכֵימָתִי.

סְכֵימָתִי adj. FW schematic. [Back formation from Modern L. schematisis, from schema. See סְכֵימָה and suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סְכֵימָתִיּוּת.

סְכֵימָתִיּוּת f.n. FW schematism. [Formed from סְכֵימָתִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַכִּין m.n. PBH knife. [Equivalent of Biblical Heb. שַׂכִּין (q.v.).] Derivative: סַכִּינַאי.

סַכִּינָאוּת m.n. NH robbery. [Formed from סַכִּנַאי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַכִּינַאי m.n. robber. [Formed from סַכִּין with suff. ◌ַאי.] Derivative: סַכִּינָאוּת.

סְכִירָה f.n. MH shutting up, damming. [Verbal n. of סָכַר. See סכר and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָכֵי־שֶׁמֶשׁ adj. he who cannot bear the sun; one who sees double. [Euphemistically; lit.: ‘one who looks into the sun’. From סָכֹה (= to look, see), and שֶׁמֶשׁ (= sun).]

סכך to screen, cover.
    — Qal - סָכַךְ 1 he screened, covered; NH 2 he covered (the tabernacle for the festival).
    — Niph. - נִסְכַּךְ was covered (said of the tabernacle).
    — Pi. - סִכֵּךְ he covered (esp. the tabernacle).
    — Po. - סוֹכֵךְ was covered, hid, protected.
    — Pu. - סֻכַּךְ was covered (said esp. of the tabernacle).
    — Hith. - הִסְתּוֹכֵךְ was covered.
    — Hiph. - הֵסֵךְ he covered, roofed.
    — Hoph. - הוּסַךְ was covered. [A collateral form of שׂכך ᴵ, which is prob. the original form. cp. Arab. shakka, ‘he doubted’, which prob. meant orig. ‘was covered’, whence ‘was entangled’. cp. also נסך ᴵᴵ and שׂכך ᴵ.] Derivatives: סַךְ, סֹךְ, סְכָךְ, סַכָּךְ, סְכָכָה, סָכוּךְ, סִכּוּךְ, סוֹכֵךְ, מָסָךְ, מוּסָךְ.

סְכָךְ m.n. PBH material for the roofing of the tabernacle. [From סכך.]

סַכָּךְ m.n. NH thatcher. [Nomen opificis formed from סכך according to the pattern פַּעָל.]

סְכָכָה f.n. PBH 1 covering. 2 shed. [From סכך. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סכל ᴵ to be foolish.
    — Qal - סָכַל he was foolish, was ignorant.
    — Niph. - נִסְכַּל he acted foolishly.
    — Pi. - סִכֵּל 1 he made foolish, turned into foolishness; 2 he thwarted, frustrated.
    — Pu. - סֻכַּל was thwarted, was frustrated.
    — Hiph. - הִסְכִּיל he acted foolishly.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּכֵּל (of s.m.). [Syr. סֽכַל (= he was foolish, acted foolishly), Aram.-Syr. סְכַל, סַכֽלָא (= a foolish person, fool), Akka. saklu (= foolish).] Derivatives: סָכָל, סֶכֶל, סִכְלוּת, סִכּוּל, תסכל.

סכל ᴵᴵ to regard, consider.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּכֵּל he looked, observed, considered, contemplated. [MH equivalent of Biblical Heb. שׂכל ᴵ (q.v.).] Derivatives: סְתַכְּלָן, הִסְתַּכְּלוּת, מִסֽתַּכֵּל.

סָכָל m.n. fool. [From סכל ᴵ.]

סֶֽכֶל m.n. folly (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Eccles. 10:6).

סִכְלוּת f.n. folly. [Formed from סכל with suff. ◌וּת. cp. שִׂכְלוּת ᴵ.]

סכם to sum up, count.
    — Qal - סָכַם he summed up, counted.
    — Niph. - נִסְכַּם was agreed.
    — Pi. - סִכֵּם 1 summed up; 2 he summarized, concluded.
    — Pu. - סֻכַּם 1 was summed up; 2 was summarized, was concluded.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּכֵּם (of s.m.).
    — Hiph. - הִסְכִּים he agreed, approved (lit.: ‘he found the account adequate’).
    — Hoph. - הֻסְכַּם was agreed upon, was approved. [Aram. סְכַם (= he counted). Related to סָךְ (= amount, sum). The orig. meaning of this base prob. was ‘to bring to an end’.] Derivatives: סֶכֶם, סְכוּם, סִכּוּם, הֶסְכֵּם, הַסְכָּמָה, הִסְתַּכְּמוּת, מֻסְכָּם, מְסֻכָּם.

סֶֽכֶם m.n. MH sum, sum total. [From סכם.]

סכן ᴵ to be useful, to benefit.
    — Qal - סָכַן was useful, benefited.
    — Hiph. - הִסְכִּין was accustomed, was used to, was in the habit of. [TA sakānu ana (= to care for). cp. Phoen. סכן (= prefect).] Derivative: הַסְכָּנָה. cp. סוֹכֵן.

סכן ᴵᴵ to incur danger.
    — Niph. - נִסְכַּן he endangered himself (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Eccles. 10:9 in the imp.).
    — Pi. - סִכֵּן he exposed to danger.
    — Pu. - סֻכַּן was exposed to danger.
    — Hith. - הִסֽתַּכֵּן he endangered himself, exposed himself to danger. [Aram. סְכֵן (= was in danger); base of סַכָּנָה.] Derivatives: סִכּוּן, הִסְתַּכְּנוּת, מְסֻכָּן.

סַכָּנָה f.n. PBH danger. [From סכן ᴵᴵ. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סִכְסוּךְ m.n. PBH conflict, quarrel. [Verbal n. of סִכְסֵךְ, Pilp. of סכסך.]

סכסך to instigate, incite, arouse.
    — Pilp. - סִכֽסֵךְ 1 he incited, aroused, instigated; 2 he confused, entangled.
    — Pulp. - סֻכֽסַךְ was incited, was aroused, was instigated.
    — Hithpalp. - הִסֽתַּכְסֵךְ was entangled, was confused. [Of uncertain origin.] Derivatives: סִכֽסוּךְ, סַכְסֽכָן, הִסְתַּכְסְכוּת, מְסֻכְסָךְ, perhaps also סַכְסָן.

סַכְסְכָן adj. & m.n. NH instigator, trouble-maker. [Formed from סכסך with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: סַכֽסְכָנוּת.

סַכְסְכָנוּת f.n. NH instigation, troublemaking. [Formed from סַכְסְכָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַכְסָן adj. PBH confused. [Of uncertain origin. Perhaps formed from סכסך.]

סכף to afflict, maltreat, to discourage.
    — Qal - סָכַף he afflicted, maltreated; he discouraged. [Aram. סְכַף (= he discouraged); prob. related to the bases סגף and סחף.] Derivatives: סָכוּף, סִכּוּף.

סכר ᴵ to shut up, stop up, dam.
    — Qal - סָכַר he shut up, stopped up, dammed.
    — Niph. - נִסְכַּר was shut up, was stopped up, was dammed.
    — Pi. - סִכֵּר he delivered up (for sense development cp. סִגֵּר and הִסְגִּיר).
    — Pu. - סֻכַּר was shut up, was stopped up, was dammed.
    — Hith. - הִסֽתַּכֵּר was delivered up. [Aram.-Syr. סְכַר, Arab. sakara (= he shut, closed, dammed), Akka. sikēru (= to shut, close, dam), sikkuru (= bolt). Related to סגר.] Derivatives: סָכוּר, סִכּוּר, סַכָּר, סֶכֶר, סְכִירָה.

סכר ᴵᴵ to hire.
    — Qal - סָכַר he hired (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ez. 4:5). [Later spelling for שׂכר.]

סכר ᴵᴵᴵ to sugar, to sweeten with sugar, to sugarcoat.
    — Pi. - סִכֵּר he sugared, sweetened with sugar.
    — Pil. - סִכּֽרֵר he added sugar, mixed with sugar.
    — Pu. - סֻכַּר was sugared, was coated with sugar.
    — Pul. - סֻכּֽרַר was mixed with sugar. [Denominated from סֻכָּר.]

סַכָּר m.n. PBH dam builder. [Nomen opificis formed from סִכֵּר, Pi. of סכר ᴵ.]

סֶֽכֶר m.n. MH dam, weir. [From סכר ᴵ. cp. שֶׂכֶר ᴵ.]

סֻכָּר m.n. FW sugar. [From Arab. sukkar, whence also Fren. sucre, Eng. sugar, Ger. Zucker, etc. From Pers. shäkär, from Pali sakkarā, from Old I. śárkarā, śarkaraḥ (= gravel, grit, sugar), which is cogn. with Gk. kroke, krokale (= pebble). cp. סָכָרִין. cp. also ‘sugar’ in my CEDEL.] Derivatives: סֻכָּרִי, סֻכָּרִיָּה, סֻכֶּרֶת, מִסְכֶּרֶת, סכר ᴵᴵᴵ.

סֻכָּרִי adj. NH sugary. [Formed from סֻכָּר with suff. ◌ִי.]

סֻכָּרִיָּה f.n. NH sweet, candy. [Formed from סֻכָּר with suff. ◌ִיָּה.]

סָכָרִין m.n. FW saccharine. [Ger. Sacharin, coined by Faklberg and List in 1879 from Med. L. saccharum, from L. saccharon, from Gk. sakcharon (= sugar), from Pali sakharā. See סֻכָּר.]

סכרר see סכר ᴵᴵᴵ.

סֻכֶּֽרֶת f.n. NH diabetes (disease). [From סֻכָּר (= sugar). For the ending cp. that of אַדֶּמֶת and of words there referred to.]

סכת to listen.
    — Qal - סָכַת he listened.
    — Hiph. - הִסְכִּית he kept silent, listened (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Deut. 27:9 in the imper.).
    — Niph. - נִסְכַּת he kept silent, listened. [Arab. sakata (= he kept silent), Akka. sakātu (= to keep silent).] Derivatives: סֶכֶת, מַסְכֵּת, תַּסְכִּית.

סֶֽכֶת m.n. NH listening. [From סכת.]

סַל m.n. basket. [Prob. a loan word from Akka. sellū (= basket), whence also Aram. סַלָּא, סַלְּתָא, whence Arab. sall, salla (= basket). cp. סַלְסִלָּה.] Derivative: סְלוּלָה.

סלא to weigh.
    — Pi. - סִלָּא he weighed, valued.
    — Pu. - סֻלָּא was weighed, was valued (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Lam. 4:2 in the phrase הַמְסֻלָאִים בַּפָּז, ‘they who were weighed against gold’).
    — Hiph. - הִסְלִיא he overweighed. [Arab. sala’a (= he weighed promptly). cp. סלה ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: מְסֻלָּא.

סלד to spring, jump.
    — Qal - סָלַד PBH 1 he bounded, rebounded, recoiled, shrank; NH 2 he was disgusted.
    — Pi. - סִלֵּד 1 he sprang, jumped (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 6:10 in the form אֲסַלְּדָה, ‘I would spring’); MH 2 tr. v. he extolled, praised (according to another interpretation of אֲסַלְּדָה).
    — Hiph. - הִסְלִיד he caused to shrink from, startled. [cp. Arab. ṣalada (= he beat the ground in running).] Derivatives: סֶלֶד ᴵ, סִלּוּד ᴵ, סְלִידָה, סוֹלֵד, הַסְלָדָה.

סֶֽלֶד ᴵ m.n. NH praise. [From סלד.]

סֶֽלֶד ᴵᴵ m.n. NH salute (military). [A blend of סִלֵּד (= he praised), and Fren. salut, Eng. salute. See סָלוּט.]

סלה ᴵ to toss aside, make light of.
    — Qal - סָלָה he tossed aside, made light of (in the Bible occurring only Ps. 119:118).
    — Pi. - סִלָּה he trod down, flouted, rejected (in the Bible occurring only Lam. 1:15).
    — Pu. - סֻלָּה was trodden down. [Aram. סְלָא, אַסְלִי (= he despised), Arab. salā (= was forgetful, was neglectful), Akka. salū (= to shake off).]

סלה ᴵᴵ to weigh.
    — Pu. - סֻלָּה was weighed, was valued (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 8:16 in the sentence לֹא תְסֻלֶּה בְּכֶתֶם אוֹפִיר, ‘it cannot be weighed against the gold of Ophir’). [Secondary form of סלא.]

סֶֽלָה interj. ‘Selah’ — technical term of music in the Psalms and the Book of Habbakuk, chapter 3, indicating a pause. [Prob. a musical direction to raise the voice and derived from סלל ᴵ (= to raise, to lift).]

סִלּוּד ᴵ m.n. MH 1 fear, awe. 2 praise. [Verbal n. of סִלֵּד, Pi. of סלד.]

סִלּוּד ᴵᴵ m.n. NH salute (military). [A blend of סִלּוּד ᴵ and Fren. salut, or Eng. salute. See סָלוּט.]

סָלֽוּחַ adj. MH forgiven, pardoned. [Pass. part. of סָלַח. See סלח.]

סָלוּט m.n. NH salute. [From Fren. salut or Eng. salute, from L. salūtem, accusative of salus (= welfare, health, safety, wish for somebody’s welfare, a greeting), which is related to salvus (= save). See ‘safe’ in my CEDEL and cp. סֶלֶד ᴵᴵ, סִלּוּד ᴵᴵ. cp. also קָתוֹלִי.]

סָלוּל adj. paved. [Pass. part. of סָלַל. See סלל.]

סִלּוּל m.n. MH paving. [From סלל.]

סְלוּלָה f.n. PBH a small basket. [Dimin. formed from סַל. cp. סְלִילָה ᴵᴵ.]

סִלּוּם m.n. NH modulation (music). [From סֻלָּם (= ladder).]

סִלּוֹן ᴵ, סַלּוֹן m.n. thorn. [Related to Aram. סִלְוָא, Syr. סַלֽוָא, Arab. sullā,’ silla (= thorn). cp. ‘Zilla’ in my CEDEL.]

סִלּוֹן ᴵᴵ see סִילוֹן.

סָלוֹן m.n. FW salon, saloon. [Fren. salon, from It. salone, augmented of sala (= hall), which is of Teutonic origin. cp. ‘salon’ in my CEDEL.]

סָלוּף adj. NH distorted, false, wrong, erroneous. [From סלף.]

סִלּוּף m.n. MH distortion, perversion. [Verbal n. of סִלֵּף, Pi. of סלף.]

סִלּוּק m.n. PBH 1 removal, departure. PBH 2 death. NH 3 payment. MH 4 ‘Silluk’ (another name for סוֹף פָּסוּק, ‘cantillation sign’).

סלח to forgive, pardon.
    — Qal - סָלַח he forgave, pardoned.
    — Niph. - נִסְלַח was forgiven, was pardoned.
    — Pu. - סֻלַּח was forgiven, was pardoned.
    — Nith. - נִסְתַּלַּח was forgiven, was pardoned. [Aram. סְלַח (= he forgave), Ugar. slḫ (= to forgive). Akka. salāḫu (= to sprinkle), whence prob. Aram.-Syr. זְלַח (= he sprinkled).] Derivatives: סַלָּח, סַלְחָן, סָלְחָן, סוֹלְחָן, סָלוּחַ, סְלִיחָה, סְלִיחוּת, הִסָּלְחוּת.

סַלָּח 1 ready to forgive (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 86:5). MH 2 a name given to a writer of penitential poems. [From סלח.]

סָלְחָן, סַלְחָן adj. MH one who forgives, forgiven. [Formed from סלח, with agential suff. ◌ָן. cp. סוּלְחָן.] Derivatives: סַלְחָנוּת, סַלְחָנִי.

סַלְחָנוּת f.n. NH forgiveness, pardon. [Formed from סַלְחָן with suff. ◌וּת. cp. סוֹלְחָנוּת.]

סַלְחָנִי adj. NH forgiving, pardoning. [Formed from סַלְחָן with adj. suff. ◌ִי. cp. סוֹלְחָנִי.]

סָלָט m.n. FW salad. [Ger. Salat, from It. (in)salata, lit.: ‘something salted’, from salare (= to salt), from sale (= salt), from L. sāl (= salt, sea), from IE base sal- (= salt, sea). See ‘salt’ in my CEDEL and cp. סָלָמִי.]

סְלִידָה f.n. MH disgust, revulsion. [Verbal n. of סָלַד. See סלד and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָלִֽיחַ adj. NH forgivable, pardonable. [Coined from סלח (= to forgive, pardon), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.]

סְלִיחָה f.n. 1 forgiveness; pardon. PBH 2 penitential prayer; in the pl. סְלִיחוֹת, ‘penitential prayers’. [Properly verbal n. of סָלַח. See סלח and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְלִיחוּת f.n. being forgiven, forgiveness. [From סלח. For the ending see suff. ◌וּת.]

סְלִיל f.n. 1 shuttle containing the spool. NH 2 coil (electricity). NH 3 groove, screw. [From סלל.] Derivative: סְלִילִי.

סְלִילָה ᴵ f.n. NH paving. [Verbal n. of סָלַל. See סלל and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְלִילָה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH a small basket. [Dimin. formed from סַל. cp. סְלוּלָה.]

סְלִילִי adj. NH spiral. [Formed from סְלִיל with suff. ◌ִי.]

סְלִיק m.n. NH arms cache. [From סלק.]

סלל to lift up, cast up.
    — Qal - סָלַל 1 he cast up (or paved) a highway; 2 he cast up a way; 3 he lifted up (a song) (Ps. 68:5).
    — Niph. - נִסְלַל was cast up, was parted, was paved.
    — Hiph. - הִסְלִיל 1 he made a path; 2 he led, guided. — Hith. הִסְתּוֹלֵל he trod down, whence he exalted himself, was arrogant.
    — Pilp. - סִלְסֵל (see סלסל). [Akka. sullū (= highway).] Derivatives: סָלוּל, סִלּוּל, סֽלִיל, סְלִילָה ᴵ, סֶלָה, סֻלָּם, סוֹלְלָה, הַסְלָלָה, מְסִלָּה, מַסְלוּל.

סֻלָּם (pl. סֻלָּמוֹת, also סֻלָּמִים) ladder (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Gen. 28:12). [Formed from סלל (= to lift up). cp. Arab. sullam (= ladder). Syr. סֶבַּלְתָּא and סֶמַּלְתָּא are Heb. loan words.] Derivative: סלם.

סלם to modulate (music).
    — Pi. - סִלֵּם he modulated (music).
    — Hiph. - הִסְלִים escalated.
    — Hoph. - הֻסֽלַם was escalated. [Denominated from סֻלָּם.] Derivatives: סִלּוּם, הַסֽלָמָה.

סַלְמוֹן m.n. FW salmon (fish). [L. salmō (= salmon), of uncertain etymology.]

סָלָמִי m.n. FW salami. [It. salami, from L. sāl (= salt). See סָלָט.]

סָלָמַנְדְּרָה f.n. FW salamander. [L. salamandra, from Gk. salamandra, which is of uncertain etymology.]

סְלֶנְג m.n. FW slang. [From Eng. slang, which is perhaps of Scandinavian origin and related to the Eng. v. sling (= to throw).]

סֶלֶנְיוּם m.n. FW selenium (chemistry). [Modern L. selenium, coined by its discoverer, the Swedish chemist Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1779–1848), from Gk. selein (= moon); so called by him because of its resemblance to tellurium, the element called after the earth (see טֶלּוּרְיוּם).]

סִלְסוּל m.n. PBH 1 curling of the hair. NH 2 trill of the voice. MH 3 praise, glory. [Verbal n. of סִלְסֵל, Pilp. of סלסל.]

סלסל to exalt; to curl; to trill.
    — Pilp. - סִלְסֵל 1 he exalted, esteemed highly (in the Bible occurring only Pr. 4:8 in the form סַלֽסְלֶהָ, ‘exalt her’); PBH 2 he curled the hair; NH 3 he trilled (the voice).
    — Pulp. - סֻלְסַל PBH 1 was exalted, was esteemed highly; PBH 2 was curled (said of the hair); NH 3 was trilled.
    — Hithpalp. - הִסְתַּלֽסֵל 1 became curled; 2 was trilled. [Pilpel of סלל. For other Pilpel verbs formed from ע״ע verbs see בּזבּז.] Derivatives: סִלֽסוּל, מְסֻלֽסָל. cp. סַלֽסָלָה.

סַלְסִלָּה f.n. a small basket (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 6:9 in the pl.). [Prob. a loan word from Akka. salsilu (= basket). cp. סַל. Several scholars connect סַלְסִלּוֹת with זַלְזַלִּים, ‘vine tendrils’. For the change of ז to ס see the introductory article to letter ז.]

סַלְסָלָה f.n. PBH fine stuff, crape. [Of uncertain origin; perhaps derived from סלסל.]

סֶֽלַע ᴵ m.n. rock, crag, cliff. [Related to Aram. סִלְעָא (= rock), Arab. sala‘a (= cleaved, split), sil‘ (= cleft, fissure), Ethiop. ṣōla (= rock).] Derivatives: סֶלַע ᴵᴵ, סלע, סַלְעִי, סַלְעִית, מִסֽלָע.

סֶֽלַע ᴵᴵ m. & f.n. ‘sela’ — name of a weight and coin. [Sense enlargement of סֶלַע ᴵ.]

סלע to petrify.
    — Pi. - סִלַּע he turned (something) into a rock, petrified.
    — Pu. - סֻלַּע was petrified; was rocky. [Denominated from סֶלַע ᴵ.] Derivative: מְסֻלָּע.

סַלְעִי adj. MH rocky. [Formed from סֶלַע ᴵ with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סַלְעִיּוּת.

סַלְעִיּוּת f.n. NH rockiness. [Formed from סַלֽעִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַלְעִית f.n. oenanthe (bird). [Lit.: ‘living on rocks’. See סֶלַע ᴵ and suff. ◌ִית.]

סָלְעָם m.n. a kind of locust (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Lev. 11:22). [Of uncertain origin.]

סלעם to swallow, to consume, to devour.
    — Pu. - סֻלֽעַם was swallowed, was destroyed. [Aram. סַלְעֵם (= he swallowed, destroyed). cp. סָלְעָם.]

סלף to twist, pervert, overturn.
    — Pi. - סִלֵּף he twisted, perverted, distorted, overturned.
    — Pu. - סֻלַּף was twisted, was perverted, was distorted, was overturned.
    — Hith. - הִסֽתַּלֵּף became twisted, became perverted. [Aram. סֽלַף (= he twisted).] Derivatives: סֶלֶף, סַלְּפָן, סָלוּף, סִלּוּף, סַלְפִית, מְסֻלָּף.

סֶֽלֶף m.n. perverseness, crookedness (in the Bible occurring only Pr. 11:3 and 15:4). [From סלף.]

סַלְפִּיד, סַלְפִּינוֹס m.n. PBH trumpet. [Gk. salpinx (= trumpet).]

סַלְפִית f.n. NH falsetto (music). [Formed from סלף with suff. ◌ִית.]

סַלְּפָן m.n. NH twister, perverter, distorter, falsifier. [Formed from סִלֵּף, Pi. of סלף, with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: סַלְּפָנוּת, סַלְּפָנִי.

סַלְּפָנוּת f.n. NH twisting, perversion, distortion. [Formed from סַלְּפָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַלְּפָנִי adj. NH twisting, perverting, distorting, falsifying. [Formed from סַלְּפָן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סלק to go up, ascend.
    — Qal - סָלַק he went up, ascended (see נסק).
    — Pi. - סִלֵּק PBH 1 he raised, lifted up; PBH 2 he removed; NH 3 he paid off.
    — Pu. - סֻלַּק PBH 1 was raised, was lifted up; PBH 2 was removed; NH 3 was paid off.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּלֵּק , Nith. נִסְתַּלֵּק PBH 1 he removed himself, departed; PBH 2 he disappeared, died; NH 3 he gave up, renounced.
    — Niph. - נִסְלַק was removed.
    — Hiph. - הִסְלִיק he hid (arms) in a cache. [Aram. סֽלַק (= he came up). See נסק.] Derivatives: סַלְקָה, סִלּוּק, סְלִיק, הִסְתַּלְּקוּת, מְסֻלָּק, מִסְלָקָה.

סֶֽלֶק m.n. MH beet. [From Aram.-Syr. סִלְקָא.]

סַלְקָה m.n. NH natural (music). [From סלק. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סֶלֶקְטִיבִי adj. FW selective. [From L. sēlēctus, p. part. of sēlīgere. See סֶלֶקְצֽיָה. For the ending see suff. ‘-ive’ in my CEDEL and suff. ◌ִי in this dictionary.] Derivative: סֶלֶקְטִיבִיּוּת.

סֶלֶקְטִיבִיּוּת f.n. FW selectivity. [Formed from סֶלֶקְצְיָה with suff. ◌וּת.]

סֶלֶקְצְיָה m.n. FW selection. [L. sēlēctiō, from sēlēctus, p. part. of sēligere (= to separate by culling out, pick out, choose), from pref. sē- and legere (= to gather, collect). See ‘se-’ in my CEDEL and cp. first element in סִמְטָה ᴵ. For the etymology of L. lagere see לִגְיוֹן. For the ending of סֶלֶקֽצְיָה see suff. ◌ֽיָה.]

סֹֽלֶת f.n. fine flour. [Related to Aram. סוֹלְתָא (= fine flour), Arab. sult (= barley or wheat without husks), Akka. siltu (= flour), salatu (= to crush).] Derivative: סלת.

סלת to sift; to produce fine flour.
    — Pi. - סִלֵּת 1 he sifted; 2 he produced fine flour; 3 he chose the best.
    — Pu. - סֻלַּת NH 1 was sifted; PBH 2 was chosen.
    — Niph. - נִסְלַת (of s.m.). [Denominated from סֹלֶת.] Derivatives: סַלָּת, מְסֻלָּת.

סַלָּת m.n. PBH flour sifter. [Nomen opificis formed from סִלֵּת, Pi. of סלת.]

סַלְתָּנִית f.n. PBH 1 an edible fish. NH 2 Clupea sprattus (name of a fish).

סַם m.n. 1 spice. PBH 2 drug, medicine; poison. [Related to Aram.-Syr. סַמָּא (= drug, medicine, poison), Akka. shammu (= plant, drug, medicine). cp. סַמְמָן and the first element in סַמָּאֵל. cp. also סָמוּם and שְׂמָמִית.] Derivative: סמם.

סמא, סמה to be blind, to blind.
    — Pi. - סִמֵּא, סִמָּה PBH 1 he blinded; NH 2 he dazzled.
    — Niph. - נִסְמָא became blind.
    — Nith. - נִסְתַּמֵּא became blind. [Aram.-Syr. סְמָא, סְמִי (= was blind). Akka. samū (= blind). cp. יסם.] Derivatives: סִמָּאוֹן, סָמוּי, סִמּוּי, סַמְיוּת, סוּמָא, סוֹמֵא, הִסְתַּמְּאוּת.

סִמָּאוֹן m.n. NH blindness. [Formed from סמא with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.]

סַמָּאֵל m.n. PBH Sammael — name of the Angel of Death. [Compounded of סַם (= drug, poison), and אֵל (= God).]

סַמְבּוּק m.n. FW Sambucus (a genus of plants). [L. sambūcus (= the elder tree). Of uncertain origin.]

סַמְבַּטְיוֹן m.n. PBH (also סַנְבַּטְיוֹן, סַבַּטְיוֹן) ‘Sambation’ — name of a legendary river. [From Gk. sabbateion, lit.: ‘the place where the sabbath (= sabbaton) is observed’. See שַׁבָּת.]

סְמָדַר m.n. blossom of the vine (in the Bible occurring only Cant. 2:13 and 7:13). [Related to Aram.-Syr. סְמָדְרָא (= blossom of the vine).]

סָמוֹבָר m.n. FW samovar. [From Tatar sanabar (= tea urn), which was altered by folk etymology into Russian sámovar (= self-boiler), from sáms (= self), and varit (= to boil).]

סָמוּי adj. PBH 1 blind. 2 unseen. [From סמה, סמא.]

סִמּוּי m.n. PBH blinding. [Verbal n. of סִמָּה, Pi. of סמא.]

סָמוּךְ adj. 1 certain, firm. PBH 2 near, close, adjacent. [Pass. part. of סָמַךְ. See סמך.]

סָמוֹךְ m.n. PBH (also סָמוֹכָה f.n.) support. [From סמך. For the ending of סָמוֹכָה see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סִמּוּכִין m.n. pl. NH reference. [From סמך.]

סִמּוּל m.n. NH symbolization. [Verbal n. of סִמֵּל, Pi. of סמל.]

סָמוּם m.n. FW samum (= a sultry wind). [Arab. samūm, lit.: ‘poisonous’, from samma (= he poisoned), from samm (= poison). See סַם.]

סִמּוּם m.n. NH poisoning. [Verbal n. of סִמֵּם, Pi. of סמם.]

סִמּוּן m.n. NH marking, notation. [Verbal n. of סִמֵּן, Pi. of סמן.]

סָמוּק adj. NH red, reddish. [From סמק; formally, pass. part. of סָמַק.]

סִמּוּק m.n. PBH becoming red, reddening. [From סמק.]

סַמּוּר m.n. NH Vormela peregusna (zoology). [From סמר (= to cause, to stand up, to bristle up; so called because it roughs its hair in order to frighten its prey.]

סִמּוּר m.n. MH 1 stiffening, bristling. NH 2 nailing. [Verbal n. of סִמֵּר, Pi. of סמר.]

סֶֽמֶט m.n. FW samite. [Fren. samit, L. samitum, examitum, from Gk. examiton, neuter of the adj. examitos (= woven with six threads), which is compounded of ex (= six), and mitos (= thread).]

סִמְטָה ᴵ f.n. PBH (pl. סִמְטָאוֹת, also סִמְטוֹת) lane, alley. [From L. sēmita, which is compounded of sē (see סֶלֶקְצְיָה) and meāre (= to go, pass). See ‘meatus’ in my CEDEL.]

סִמְטָה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH furuncle. [From Aram. סִימְטָא, which is of uncertain, perhaps Greek, origin. cp. Gk. semation dimin. of sema (= mark), and semasia (= mark in the skin). For the etymology of sema see סִימָן.]

סַמֶּֽטֶת f.n. NH furunculosis (disease). [Coined from סִמֽטָה ᴵᴵ according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת serving to form names of diseases. See אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.]

סָמִיד m.n. MH finest flour. [From Aram.-Syr. סְמִידָה, which is related to Akka. samīdu (= finest flour). Arab. samidh (= fine flour) is an Aram. loan word. Gk. semidalis and L. simila (= the finest wheat flour) are Sem. loan words. See ‘cymling’, ‘semolina’ and ‘simmel’ in my CEDEL.]

סַמְיוּת f.n. PBH blindness. [From סמא. For the ending see suff. ◌וּת.]

סָמִיךְ adj. PBH dense, thick. [From סמך.]

סְמִיכָה f.n. PBH 1 support. MH 2 close neighborhood, proximity. PBH 3 authorization; esp. Rabbinical ordination. [Properly verbal n. of סָמַךְ (= he laid, supported). See סמך and first suff. ◌ָה, and cp. שְׂמִיכָה. In sense 3 סֽמִיכָה properly means ‘laying on’ (of hands), from סָמַךְ used elliptically for Biblical Heb. סָמַךְ אֶתיָדָיו (= he laid his hands), an act of symbolizing the transference of authority.]

סְמִיכוּת f.n. PBH 1 ordination, authorization. NH 2 nearness, proximity. MH 3 construct state (grammar). NH 4 density. NH 5 association (psychology). [From סמך. For the ending see suff. ◌וּת.]

סֶמִינָר, סֶמִינַרְיוֹן m.n. FW seminary, seminar. [L. sēminārium (= seed plot, nursery garden, seminary), properly neuter of the adj. sēminārius (= pertaining to seed), from sēmen (= seed), from IE base sē(i)- (= to sow). See ‘sow’ (v.) in my CEDEL and suff. ‘–meh’ ibid.] Derivative: סֶמִינַרְיוֹנִי.

סֶמִינַרְיוֹנִי adj. FW seminarian. [Formed from סֶמִינָר with suff. ◌ִי.]

סֶמִינָרִיסְט m.n. FW seminarist. [See סֶמִינָר and suff. ◌ִיסְט.]

סָמִיר adj. NH bristly, prickly. [From סמר.]

סמך to support, sustain, uphold.
    — Qal - סָמַךְ 1 he supported, sustained, upheld; 2 he laid (hands) on, leaned; PBH 3 he drew near, brought near, approached; PBH 4 he ordained, authorized.
    — Niph. - נִסְמַךְ 1 he supported himself, leaned; PBH 2 was brought near, was brought in juxtaposition; MH 3 became dense; MH 4 was put into the construct state.
    — Pi. - סִמֵּךְ he supported.
    — Pu. - סֻמַּךְ was supported.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּמֵּךְ PBH 1 he leaned himself; NH 2 he referred to.
    — Hiph. - הִסְמִיךְ PBH 1 he supported; PBH 2 he brought near; MH 3 he made thick.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְמַךְ MH 1 was supported; MH 2 was brought near; NH 3 was made thick; NH 4 was ordained, was authorized. [Aram.-Syr. סְמַךְ (= he supported, sustained, upheld), Ethiop. samaka (= he caused to lean upon), Arab. simāk (= support), samk (= roof). cp. also Akka. simāku (= shrine of a god).] Derivatives: סֶמֶךְ, סָמוּךְ, סָמוֹךְ, סָמוֹכָה, סִמּוּכִין, סָמִיךְ, סְמִיכָה, סְמִיכוּת, סוֹמֵךְ, הַסְמָכָה, הִסְתַּמּֽכוּת, מִסְמָךְ, מֻסְמָךְ. cp. סָמֶךְ.

סֶֽמֶךְ m.n. PBH support. [From סמך.]

סָֽמֶךְ m.n. PBH (pl. סָמְכִין) ‘Samekh’, name of the fifteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet. [The name סָמֶךְ prob. derives from סמך and lit. means ‘support, fulcrum’, the letter having been so called in allusion to its a[[illegible]]ent Heb. form.]

סַמְכָא m.n. PBH authority, support. [Aram., from סְמַךְ (= he supported). See סמך.]

סַמְכוּת f.n. NH 1 authority. 2 right. [Formed from סמך with suff. ◌וּת.]

סֶֽמֶל ᴵ, סֵֽמֶל m.n. 1 image, likeness. NH 2 symbol. [Together with Phoen. סמל of unknown etymology.] Derivatives: סמל, סִמְלִי. cp. סַמָּל.

סֶֽמֶל ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH worn garment, rag. [Related to Arab. samal (= worn garment, rag).]

סַמָּל m.n. NH sergeant. [Orig. spelled סַמָ״ל and formed from the initials of the words סֶגֶן מִחוּץ לֽמִנְיָן, corresponding to N.C.O. (= Non-Commissioned Officer); later the word סַמָּל was regarded as a derivative of סֶמֶל ᴵ.]

סמל to symbolize.
    — Pi. - סִמֵּל he symbolized.
    — Pu. - סֻמַּל was symbolized.
    — Hith. - נִסְתַּמֵּל was symbolized. [Denominated from סֵמֶל.] Derivatives: סִמּוּל, הַסְמָלָה, הִסְתַּמּֽלוּת, מְסֻמָּל.

סִמְלוֹן m.n. PBH carved ends of a yoke. [Of uncertain etymology.]

סִמְלִי adj. NH symbolical. [Formed from סֵמֶל with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סִמֽלִיּוּת.

סִמְלִיּוּת f.n. NH symbolism. [Formed from סִמְלִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סמם to poison.
    — Pi. - סִמֵּם he poisoned.
    — Pu. - סֻמַּם was poisoned.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּמֵּם he poisoned himself. [Denominated from סַם.] Derivatives: סִמּוּם, הִסְתַּמְּמוּת, מְסֻמָּם.

סְמָמִית f.n. PBH house lizard. [A collateral form of שְׂמָמִית.]

סַמְמָן, סַמָּן m.n. PBH 1 ingredient of frankincense. 2 paint, dye. [Formed from סַם with suff. ◌ָן.]

סַמָּן ᴵ see סַמְמָן.

סַמָּן ᴵᴵ m.n. NH marker. [From סִמֵּן, Pi. of סמן.]

סמן to mark.
    — Niph. - נִסְמַן (see נִסֽמָן).
    — Pi. - סִמֵּן he marked.
    — Pu. - סֻמַּן was marked.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּמֵּן was marked. [Denominated from סִימָן (= sign, mark), or perhaps related to Akka. simānu (= fixed date, time) see זְמָן.] Derivatives: סַמָּן ᴵᴵ, סִמּוּן, הִסְתַּמְּנוּת, מַסְמֵן, מְסֻמָּן, תִּסְמֹנֶת.

סֶמַנְטִיקָה see סֵימַנְטִיקָה.

סִמָּן see סִימָן.

סַמַנְכָּ״ל m.n. NH assistant director general. [Formed from the initials of the words סֽגַן (= vice, assistant of), מְנַהֵל (= director) and כְּלָלִי (= general).]

סֶמֶסְטֶר m.n. FW semester. [Fren. semestre, from L. sēmē(n)stris, from sexmens-tris (= of six months, half-yearly), from sex (= six), and mēnsis (= month). See ‘six’ and ‘moon’ in my CEDEL.]

סִמְפּוֹן ᴵ m.n. PBH (pl. סִמְפּוֹנוֹת) bronchial tube. [From Gk. siphon (= pipe, tube), which is of uncertain etymology. cp. סִיפוֹן.] Derivative: סִימֽפּוֹנוֹן.

סִמְפּוֹן ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH (pl. סִמְפּוֹנוֹת) agreement. [Prob. from Gk. symphonon, neuter of symphonos (= agreeing in sound, agreeing). See סוּמְפּוֹנְיָה.]

סִמְפּוֹנוֹן m.n. NH bronchial tube (smaller ramifications). [Formed from סִמְפּוֹן ᴵ with dimin. suff. ◌וֹן.]

סֶמָפוֹר m.n. semaphore. [Fren. sémaphore (= bearer of signals), compounded of Gk. sema (= sign), and phoros (= carrying). See סִימָן and אֲנָפוֹרָה.]

סמק to be red.
    — Qal - סָמַק was red, blushed.
    — Hiph. - הִסְמִיק 1 he became red, blushed; 2 he made red, reddened.
    — Nith. - נִסֽתַּמֵּק he became red, reddened, blushed. [From Aram. סְמַק (= was red), whence סֻמָּק (= red). cp. Arab. summaq (= red).] Derivatives: סֹמֶק, סָמוּק, סִמּוּק, הַסְמָקָה, מְסֻמָּק.

סֹֽמֶק m.n. NH redness, blush. [From סמק.]

סֻמָּק adj. PBH red. [Aram. See סמק.]

סמר to bristle up, to shudder.
    — Qal - סָמַר 1 it bristled up (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 119:120); MH 2 he shuddered.
    — Pi. - סִמֵּר 1 bristled up (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 4:15); PBH 2 he nailed.
    — Pu. - סֻמַּר was nailed.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּמֵּר it bristled. [Base of מַשְׂמֵר, מַסְמֵר (= nail). cp. Arab. shammara (= he raised). cp. also Aram. צְמַר (= he felt shivers, shuddered); see צְמַרְמֹרֶת.] Derivatives: סָמָר ᴵ, סָמָר ᴵᴵ, סָמוּר, סַמּוּר, סִמּוּר, סָמִיר, סמרר ᴵ, סמרר ᴵᴵ.

סָמָר ᴵ adj. bristling, rough (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 51:27; said of the locust). [From סמר.]

סָמָר ᴵᴵ m.n. NH Juncus (a genus of plants). [From סמר; so called in allusion to the erect stalks.]

סִמְרוּר m.n. NH riveting. [Verbal n. of סִמְרֵר. See סמרר ᴵ.]

סְמַרְטוּט m.n. PBH rag. [Prob. a Shaph‘el form, corresponding to Aram. מַרְטוּט (= rag), a derivative of מְרַט (= plucked, made bare). See מרט and cp. מרטט.] Derivatives: סְמַרֽטוּטִי, סְמַרְטוּטָר.

סְמַרְטוּטִי adj. NH 1 ragged. 2 worthless. [Formed from סְמַרְטוּט with suff. ◌ִי.]

סְמַרְטוּטָר m.n. NH rag dealer. [Coined by Mendele Mocher Sepharim from סְמַרְטוּט and suff. ◌ָר.]

סְמַרְמֹֽרֶת f.n. NH shudder. [Formed from סמר through reduplication. cp. צְמַרְמֹרֶת.]

סמרר ᴵ to rivet.
    — Pil. - סִמְרֵר he riveted.
    — Pu. - סֻמְרַר was reveted. [Pil. of סמר. cp. סמרר ᴵᴵ.]

סמרר ᴵᴵ to cause to shudder.
    — Pil. - סִמְרֵר he caused to shudder. [Pil. of סמר, hence derivatively identical with סמרר ᴵ.]

סְנָאִי m.n. NH squirrel. [Formed from סְנֶה (= thorn, bush), through back formation from חֻלְדַּת הַסְנָאִים, ‘squirrel’, where סְנָאִים is the pl. of סְנֶה.]

סַנְבּוּטִין m.n. pl. PBH headdress. [Of unknown origin. cp. the version סַרְבִּיטִין.]

סִנְבּוֹל m.n. PBH joint meal. [Gk. symbolai. See סִבֹּלֶת ᴵᴵ.]

סַנְבַּטְיוֹן see סַמֽבַּטְיוֹן.

סַנְגְּוִינִי adj. NH sanguine. [From L. sanguis (= blood), which is of uncertain origin. For the ending see suff. ◌ִי.]

סָנֵגוֹר m.n. PBH advocate, defender. [Gk. synegoros (= advocate; lit.: ‘one who speaks for somebody before an assembly’), from syn (= with, together with), and the stem of agoreyein (= to harangue, assert, lit.: ‘to speak in the assembly’), from agora (= assembly). See ‘gregatious’ in my CEDEL and cp. ‘agora’ ibid. cp. also קָטֵיגוֹר.]

סִנְגּוּר m.n. NH defence, defending. [Verbal n. of סִנְגֵּר, Pi. of סנגר.]

סָנֵגוֹרְיָה f.n. PBH defense. [Gk. synegoria (= pleading for another, advocacy of another’s cause), from synegorein (= to plead another’s cause), from synegoros. See סָנֵגוֹר and suff. ◌יָּה, and cp. קָטֵגוֹרְיָה.]

סנגר to defend, to plead for.
    — Pi. - סִנְגֵּר he defended (in court).
    — Pu. - סֻנְגַּר was defended (in court). [Back formation from סָנֵגוֹר.] Derivative: סִנְגּוּר.

סַנְדָּל ᴵ m.n. PBH sandal. [Gk. sandalion, dimin. of sandalon, a word from Asia Minor (whence also Pers. sandal), orig. meaning ‘shoe of the Lydian god Sandal’).] Derivatives: סנדל, סַנֽדְּלָר, מְסֻנְדָּל.

סַנְדָּל ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH 1 sole (a flat fish), Solea vulgaris. [From סַנְדָּל ᴵ; so called from its resemblance to the sole of a sandal.]

סנדל to put on sandals, to sandal.
    — Pi. - סִנְדֵּל he sandaled.
    — Pu. - סֻנְדַּל was sandaled. [Denominated from סַנְדָּל ᴵ.]

סַנְדָּלִית f.n. NH Paramecium (microscopic one-celled animal). [Formed from סַנְדָּל and suff. ◌ִית; so called from its resemblance to a sandal.]

סַנְדְּלָר m.n. PBH 1 sandal maker. NH 2 shoemaker. [Gk. sandalarius, from sandalon. See סַנְדָּל ᴵ and cp. suff. ◌ָר.] Derivatives: סַנְדְּלָרוּת, סַנְדְּלָרִיָּה.

סַנְדְּלָרוּת f.n. NH shoemaking. [Formed from סַנְדְּלָר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַנְדְּלָרִיָּה f.n. NH shoemaker’s workshop. [Formed from סַנְדְּלָר with suff. ◌ִיָּה.]

סַנְדָּק m.n. MH ‘sandak’, godfather, one who holds the child on his knees for circumcision). [Either from Gk. synteknos (= foster brother; lit.: ‘a child growing up with another’), or from Gk. syndikos (= one who helps in a court of justice, advocate). See סִינְדִּיקָט.] Derivatives: סנדק, סַנְדְּקָאוּת.

סנדק to act as ‘sandak’.
    — Pi. - סִנְדֵּק he acted as ‘sandak’. [Denominated from סַנְדָּק.]

סַנְדְּקָאוּת, סַנְדְּקוּת f.n. NH ‘sandak’s function. [Formed from סַנְדָּק with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְנֶה m.n. (pl. סְנָאִים, also סְנָיִים) thorn, bush (it is prob. identical with the Rubus discolor). [Related to Aram.-Syr. סַנְיָא (= thornbush), Arab. sanan, Akka. sinū (= blackberry bush).] Derivative: סְנָאִי.

סַנְהֶדְרִין f.n. PBH 1 ‘Sanhedrin’ — the supreme Jewish court (סַנְהֶדְרִין גְּדוֹלָה) in the time of the Second Temple, consisting of 71 scholars. 2 one of the lesser courts with 23 members, called סַנְהֶדְרִין קְטַנָּה, lit.: ‘the small Sanhedrin’. [Gk. synedrion (= council, council chamber), lit.: ‘sitting together’, from syn (= with, together with), and edra (= a seat), which is cogn. with L. sedēre (= to sit). See אַכְסַדְרָה and cp. פַּרְהֶדְרִין and קָתֶדְרָה. cp. also אַסְלָה and the second element in דוֹדֶקָאֶדֶר and in סַפְסָל.]

סְנוֹבּ m.n. FW snob. [Of uncertain origin. The original meaning of this word was ‘cobbler’s apprentice’. According to some scholars snob compares snip(= tailor), and suggests that snob is related to the verb snub in its primary sense ‘to cut short’.] Derivative: סְנוֹבִּי.

סְנוֹבִּי adj. FW snobbish. [Formed from סְנוֹבּ with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סְנוֹבִּיּוּת.

סְנוֹבִּיּוּת f.n. FW snobbishness, snobbery. [Formed from סְנוֹבִּי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִנְווּר m.n. NH blinding. [Verbal n. of סִנְוֵר. See סנור.]

סִנּוּן m.n. MH filtering, straining. [Verbal n. of סִנֵּן, Pi. of סנן.]

סְנוּנִית f.n. PBH swallow. [Related to Aram. סְנוּנִיתָא, Akka. sinuntu. Arab. sunūnū, sunūniya are Aram. loan words.]

סָנוּף adj. MH 1 joined, affiliated. NH 2 belonging to. [Pass. part. of סָנַף. See סנף.]

סִנּוּף m.n. NH affiliation. [Verbal n. of סִנֵּף, Pi. of סנף.]

סְנוֹקֶרֶת f.n. PBH blow, punch. [Enlarged from סנק.] Derivative: סנקר.

סנור to blind; to dazzle.
    — Pi. - סִנְוֵר he blinded; he dazzled.
    — Pu. - סֻנְוַר was blinded; was dazzled.
    — Hith. - הִסֽתַּנֽוֵר (of s.m.). [Back formation from סַנְוֵרִים. cp. Aram. סַנְוֵר (= to blind; to dazzle).] Derivatives: סִנְווּר, הִסְתַּנְוְרוּת, מְסַנְוֵר, מְסֻנְוָר.

סַנְוֵרִים m.n. pl. blindness. [According to some scholars, euphemistic use of Akka. shunwuru (= to give light). According to others סַנְוֵרִים is formed from the Siph‘el of נור (= to give light), used euphemistically.] Derivative: סנור.

סַנְוֶֽרֶת f.n. NH visor. [Aram. סַנְוַרְתָּא (= metal helmet), from סנור (= to blind). See סַנְוֵרִים.]

סנט to mock, sneer, vex, tease.
    — Qal - סָנַט he mocked, sneered, vexed, teased. [Of uncertain origin; perhaps related to Syr. סְנַט (= he moved), whence ‘he moved his head mockingly’.] Derivative: סְנִיטָה.

סֶנְט m.n. FW cent. [Eng. cent, abbreviation of L. centēsima pars (= a hundredth part), f. of centēsimus (= the hundredth), from centum (= a hundred). See ‘hundred’ in my CEDEL.]

סֶנָט m.n. FW senate. [L. senātus (= senate), lit.: ‘the council of the elders’, from senex (= old), cp. סֶנָטוֹר.]

סֶנָטוֹר m.n. FW senator. [L. senātor, from senex (= old). See סֶנָט. For the ending see agential suff. ‘-or’ in my CEDEL.]

סָנָטוֹרְיוּם m.n. FW sanatorium. [Modern L. sānātōrium, properly neuter of the L. adj. sānātōrius (= giving health), from sānus (= sound, whole, healthy). Of uncertain etymology. cp. סָנִיטַצְיָה, סָנִיטָר, סָנִיטָרִי.]

סֶנְטִיגְרַם m.n. FW centigram. [Fren. centigramme, lit.: ‘the hundredth part of a gram’. Compounded of L. centi, from centum (see ‘hundred’ in my CEDEL) and gram, gramme, from Gk. gramma (= that which is written); see גְרַם ᴵᴵ.]

סֶנְטִילִיטֶר m.n. FW centiliter. [Fren. centilitre, lit.: ‘the hundredth part of a liter’, compounded of L. centi, from centum (= a hundred) and litre (= liter). See לִיטֶר.]

סֶנְטִימֶטֶר m.n. FW centimeter. [Fren. centimètre, lit.: ‘the hundredth part of a meter’, from L. centum (= a hundred). See ‘hundred’ in my CEDEL, and Gk. metron (= measure; see מֶטֶר).]

סֶנְטִימֶנְט m.n. FW sentiment. [Fren. sentiment, from Late L. sentimentum, from sentīre (= to perceive by the senses, to feel, think, be of opinion), from IE base sent- (= to go). See ‘send’ in my CEDEL and cp. ‘sentiment’ ibid. For the ending of sentiment see suff. ‘-ment’ in my CEDEL. cp. סֶנְטִימֶנְטָלִי. cp. also סֶנֽסוּאָלִי.]

סֶנְטִימֶנְטָלִי adj. FW sentimental. [Eng. sentimental, coined by the English clergyman and novelist Laurence Sterne in 1767 in the title of his book Sentimental Journey, from sentiment. See סֶנְטִימֶנְט. For the ending see adj. suff. ‘-al’ in my CEDEL and suff. ◌ִי.] Derivatives: סֶנְטִימֶנְטָלִיזְם, סֶנְטִימֶנְטָלִיּוּת.

סֶנְטִימֶנְטָלִיּוּת f.n. FW sentimentality. [Formed from סֶנְטִימֶנְטָלִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סֶנְטִימֶנְטָלִיזְם m.n. FW sentimentalism. [Formed from סֶנְטִימֶנְטָלִי with suff. ◌ִיזְם.]

סַנְטָר m.n. PBH guardsman, bailiff. [Perhaps from Gk. synteres (= guard, watchman), from syn (= with, together with), and terein (= to watch over, take care of, guard).]

סַנְטֵר m.n. PBH jaw, jawbone. [Of uncertain origin; possibly derived from Gk. anthereon (= chin).]

סְנִיטָה f.n. NH mocking, vexing, teasing. [Verbal n. of סָנַט. See סנט and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָנִיטַצְיָה f.n. NH sanitation. [Eng. sanitation, irregularly formed from sanity, from L. sānitās (= health), from sānus. See סָנָטוֹרְיוּם and suff. ◌ַצְיָה.]

סָנִיטָר m.n. FW public health worker. [See סָנִיטָרִי.]

סָנִיטָרִי adj. FW sanitary. [Formed on the analogy of Fren. sanitaire, Eng. sanitary, from L. sānitās. See סָנִיטָר and suff. ◌ִי.]

סָנִין adj. NH filtrable, strainable. [Coined from סנן (= to filter, strain), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.]

סְנִיף m.n. PBH 1 attachment, addition. NH 2 branch of a school or of a business institution. [From סנף.]

סְנִיקָה f.n. 1 pushing, push. 2 delivery. [Verbal n. of סָנַק. See סנק and first suff. ◌ָה. In sense 2, the word סְנִיף was first used by Eliezer ben Yehudah (1858–1922).]

סִנְכְּרוּן m.n. NH synchronization. [Verbal n. of סנכּרס.]

סנכּרן to synchronize.
    — Pi. - סִנֽכְּרֵן he synchronized. [Denominated from סִינְכְּרוֹנִי. See סִינְכְּרוֹנִיזֽם.]

סנן to filter, strain.
    — Pi. - סִנֵּן he filtered, strained.
    — Pu. - סֻנַּן was filtered, was strained.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּגֵּן PBH 1 was filtered, was strained; NH 2 he infiltrated. [Aram. סֽנַן, Syr. סַן (= he clarified, purged, filtered, strained), Arab. sanna, sannana (= he rubbed polished).] Derivatives: סֶנֶן, סִנּוּן, סָנִין, מַסְנֵן, מְסֻנָּן, מִסֽנֶנֶת, מֽסַנֶּנֶת, מִסֽתַּנֵּן, תַּסֽנִין.

סֶֽנֶן m.n. NH filtrate. [From סנן.]

סֶנְסוּאָלִי adj. FW sensual. [Late L. sēnsuālis, from L. sēnsus (= perception, feeling, sense), from sēnsus, p. part. of sentīre (= to sense). See סֶנְטִימֶנְט. For the L. ending - ālis see adj. suff. ‘-al’ in my CEDEL. For the Heb. ending ◌ִי see suff. ◌ִי. cp. סֶנְסוּאָלִיזְם. cp. also סֶנֽסַצֽיָה.]

סֶנְסוּאָלִיזְם m.n. FW sensualism. [See סֶנְסוּאָלִי and suff. ◌ִיזְם.]

סַנְסָן m.n. (pl. סַנְסִנִּים) fruit stalk of the date (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 7:9 in the form סַנֽסִנָּיו). [Related to Aram. סַנְסַנָּא, Aram.-Syr. סִיסָנָא (of s.m.), Akka. sissinnu (= part of the date palm).]

סנסן to lisp.
    — Pi. - סִנְסֵן he lisped. [Formed from סִין ᴵᴵ.]

סֶנְסַצְיָה f.n. FW sensation. [Med. L. sensatis, from Late L. sēnsātus (= gifted with sense, intelligent), from L. sēnsus. See סֶנְסוּאָלִי and suff. ◌ַצְיָה.]

סַנְסְקְרִיט m.n. FW Sanskrit. [Old Indian sámskrta (= prepared, refined, made or put together), compounded of sám- (= together), and krta- (= made).]

סַנְסְקְרִיטִי adj. FW Sanskritic. [Formed from סַנְסְקְרִיט with suff. ◌ִי.]

סנף to add, join, insert.
    — Qal - סָנַף he added, joined, inserted.
    — Pi. - סִנֵּף he affiliated, annexed.
    — Pu. - סֻנַּף was joined, was annexed.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּנֵּף was affiliated, was annexed. [Of uncertain origin.] Derivatives: סְנִיף, סָנוּף, סִנּוּף, הִסְתַּנְפוּת, מְסֻנָּף.

סְנַפִּיר m.n. fin (in the Bible occurring only Lev. 11:9 following, and Deut. 14:9 following). [Prob. formed from base ספר with inserted נ and related to Akka. shappartu (= shaggy skin), and to Aram. סַמְפּוֹרָא (= point, nail).] Derivative: סְנַפִּירִית.

סַנְפִּירִינוֹן m.n. PBH sapphire. See סַפִּיר.

סְנַפִּירִית f.n. hydrofoil (boat). [Formed from סְנַפִּיר with suff. ◌ִית.]

סנק to push away, remove.
    — Qal - סָנַק he pushed away, removed.
    — Pi. - סִנֵּק he pushed away with force, removed with force.
    — Pu. - סֻנַּק was pushed away with force, was removed with force. [Prob. related to Akka. sanaqu (= to press), and to base שׁנק.] Derivative: סְנִיקָה. cp. סְנוֹקֶרֶת.

סַנְקְצְיָה f.n. FW sanction. [L. sānctiō (= the decreeing of something as sacred, decree, sanction), from sānctus, p. part. of sancīre (= to appoint as sacred), which is related to sacer (= dedicated to a divinity, holy, sacred), and cogn. with Hittite shaklāish, shaklish (= law, rite). For the ending see suff. ◌ֽיָה.]

סנקר to hit, punch.
    — Pi. - סִנְקֵר he hit, punched. [Back formation from סְנוֹקֶרֶת.]

סִנָּר m.n. PBH 1 girdle, belt. NH 2 apron. Derivative: סנר.

סנר to put on an apron.
    — Pi. - סִנֵּר he provided with an apron.
    — Pu. - סֻנַּר he was put on an apron, he put on an apron.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּנֵּר he put on an apron. [Denominated from סִנָּר.] Derivative: מְסֻנָּר.

סִנְתּוּז m.n. synthesizing. [Verbal n. of סִנְתֵּז, Pi. of סנתז.]

סנתז to synthesize.
    — Pi. - סִנְתֵּז he synthesized.
    — Pu. - סֻנְתַּז was synthesized. [Hebraization, denominated from סִינְתֶּזָה.]

סָס m.n. moth (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 51:8). [Related to Aram.-Syr. סָסָא, Arab. sūs, sūsa, Ethiop. ḍāḍē, Akka. sāsu (= moth). Possibly of imitative origin. cp. Sumerian ziz. cp. also ‘Sesia’ in my CEDEL.]

סִסְגּוּן m.n. NH variegation. [Verbal n. of סִסְגֵּן. See ססגן.]

סַסְגּוֹנִי adj. NH multicolored, variegated. [From Aram. סַסְגוֹנָא, rendering Heb. תַּחַשׁ, name of the animal the skin of which was used for covering the Tabernacle. The Aram. word is explained in the Talmud סָס בִּגְוָנִין הַרְבֵּה (= rejoicing in its many colors), from סָס (= Heb. שָׂשׂ, ‘rejoicing’), and גָּוֶן (= color).] Derivatives: ססגן, סַסְגּוֹנִיּוּת.

סַסְגּוֹנִיּוּת f.n. NH variegation, multicoloration, multicolor. [Formed from סַסְגּוֹנִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

ססגן to variegate.
    — Pi. - סִסְגֵּן he variegated.
    — Pu. - סֻסְגַּן was variegated. [Denominated from סַסְגּוֹנִי.] Derivative: סִסְגּוּן.

סעד to support, sustain, uphold.
    — Qal - סָעַד 1 he supported, sustained, upheld. 2 he ate (short for סָעַד אֶת לִבּוֹ, lit.: ‘he refreshed himself’).
    — Niph. - נִסְעַד was supported, was sustained.
    — Pi. - סִעֵד he supported, sustained, assisted, aided.
    — Hiph. - הִסְעִיד he fed, served food.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְעַד MH 1 was supported, was sustained; NH 2 was fed. [Aram., also BAram. סְעַד (= he supported, sustained; upheld), Arab. sa‘ida, sa‘ada, ’as‘ada (= he aided, assisted), sā‘id (= forearm).] Derivatives: סַעַד, סְעֻדָּה, סִעוּד, סְעִידָה, מִסְעָד, מִסְעָדָה.

סַֽעַד m.n. PBH support, assist, help, aid. [From סעד.]

סְעֻדָּה, סְעוּדָה f.n. PBH meal, feast. [From סעד. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סעה to rush, be stormy. [Syr. סְעָא (= he made an attack upon), Arab. sa‘a(y) (= he went quickly, ran). The verb occurs only in the act. part. of the Qal. See סוֹעֶה.]

סִעוּד m.n. NH 1 support, assistance. 2 nursing care. [Verbal n. of סִעֵד, Pi. of סעד.]

סְעוּדָה see סְעֻדָּה.

סִעוּף m.n. NH 1 lopping off branches. 2 subdividing, subdivision, ramification. [Verbal n. of סֵעֵף, Pi. of סעף.]

סָעוּר adj. MH 1 stormy, tempestuous. NH 2 agitated. [Pass. part. of סַעַר. See סער.] Derivative: סְעִירוּת.

סָעִיף m.n. (pl. סְעִיפִים, also סְעִיפוֹת) 1 cleft. 2 branch, bough. MH 3 section, paragraph. [Related to Arab. sa‘af (= palm branch). Some scholars compare Arab. sha‘aba (= he split), whence shu‘ba (= cleft).] Derivative: סעף.

סְעִירָה f.n. PBH tempest, storm. [Verbal n. of סָעַר. See סער and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְעִירוּת f.n. NH agitation. [Formed from סָעוּר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סעף to lop off boughs.
    — Pi. - סֵעֵף 1 he lopped off boughs (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 10:33 in the part.); NH 2 he divided into paragraphs.
    — Pu. - סֹעַף 1 was lopped off (said of a bough); 2 was divided into sections.
    — Hith. - הִסְתָּעֵף NH 1 it branched out; MH 2 was divided into paragraphs. [Denominated from סָעִיף. For the privative meaning see סקל and cp. words there referred to.] Derivatives: סֵעֵף, סָאֵף, סַעַף ᴵ, סַעַף ᴵᴵ, סְעַפָּה, סַעֶפֶת, סִעוּף.

סֵעֵף adj. divided, wavering, hesitating, vacillation. [From סעף.]

סַֽעַף ᴵ m.n. NH distribution. [From סעף.]

סַעַף ᴵᴵ m.n. NH distribution (electricity). [From סעף.]

סָעֵף m.n. (pl. סְעִפִּים) division, divided opinion (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Kin. I 18:21 in the pl.). For another possible explanation see פסח. [From סעף.]

סְעַפָּה f.n. branch, bough (in the Bible occurring only Ezek. 31:6 and 8 in the form סְעַפּוֹתָיו, ‘its boughs’). [From סעף. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה. cp. סַרְעַפָּה.]

סַעֶֽפֶת f.n. NH manifold. [From סעף. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.]

סער to storm, rage.
    — Qal - סָעַר it stormed, raged.
    — Niph. - נִסְעַר was enraged, was excited.
    — Pi. - סֵעֵר he scattered by storm.
    — Pu. - סֹעַר was tossed by storm.
    — Hith. - הִסְתָּעֵר 1 it stormed, raged; 2 he stormed, assaulted.
    — Hiph. - הִסְעִיר he caused a storm, agitated. [A collateral form of שׂער ᴵᴵᴵ. cp. Akka. sharu (= wind).] Derivatives: סַעַר, סְעָרָה, סָעוּר, הַסְעָרָה, הִסָּעֲרוּת, הִסְתָּעֲרוּת, יַסְעוּר, מֻסְעָר, מְסֹעָר, נִסְעָר, סְתַעֲרָן.

סַֽעַר m.n. storm, tempest. [From סער. cp. שַׂעַר ᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: סַעֲרָנִי, סַעֲרָנוּת.

סְעָרָה f.n. storm, tempest. [From סער. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה. cp. שְׂעָרָה.]

סַעֲרָנוּת f.n. vehemence, excitability. [Formed from סַעַר, suff. ◌ָן and suff. ◌וּת.]

סַעֲרָנִי adj. NH tempestuous. [Formed from סַעַר with suff. ◌ָנִי.]

סַף ᴵ m.n. threshold. [From ספף. cp. Aram. סִפָּא, Syr. סֶפָּא, Akka. sippu.] Derivative: ספף.

סַף ᴵᴵ m.n. (pl. סִפִּים, also סִפּוֹת) basin, goblet. [From ספף. cp. Phoen. ספ (= basin), Akka. sappu and sappatu (= wine vessel). cp. also סַפָּה, סִפָּה.]

ספג to absorb, suck up.
    — Qal - סָפַג 1 he absorbed, sucked up; 2 he wiped, dried.
    — Niph. - נִסְפַּג was absorbed, was sucked up.
    — Pi. - סִפֵּג he wiped, dried.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּפֵּג PBH 1 he dried himself; NH 2 was wiped off, was dried.
    — Hiph. - הִסְפִּיג PBH 1 he wiped, dried; NH 2 he imbued (someone with something). [Denominated from סְפוֹג (= sponge) and lit. meaning ‘to absorb like a sponge’.] Derivatives: סַפָּג, סַפְגָּנִי, סָפוּג, סִפּוּג, סָפִיג, סְפִיגָה, הַסְפָּגָה, הִסָּפְגוּת, הִסְתַּפְּגוּת, מַסְפֵּג.

סַפָּג m.n. PBH bath attendant. [Nomen opificis formed from סִפֵּג, Pi. of ספג.]

סְפָּגֶטִּי m.n. FW spaghetti. [It. spaghetti, pl. of spaghetto, dimin. of spago (= cord, thread), which is of uncertain origin.]

סֻפְגָּן m.n. PBH sponge cake. [From סְפוֹג.] Derivative: סֻפְגָּנִיָּה.

סַפְגָּנִי adj. NH absorbent. [Formed from ספג with suff. ◌ָנִי.]

סֻפְגָּנִיָּה f.n. NH sponge cake. [Formed from סֻפְגָּן with suff. ◌ִיָּה.]

ספד to wail, lament.
    — Qal - סָפַד he wailed, lamented.
    — Niph. - נִסְפַּד was bewailed, was lamented.
    — Hiph. - הִסְפִּיד he arranged a memorial service for, mourned, lamented.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְפַּד was mourned, was lamented. [Aram. סְפַד (= he wailed, lamented), Syr. סְפַד (= he beat the breasts), Akka. sapādu (= to wail, lament), Ugar. mshspdt (= wailing women). The orig. meaning of this base prob. was ‘to beat the breasts’ (as in Syriac).] Derivatives: סֶפֶד, סַפְדָּן, סְפִידָה, הֶסְפֵּד, הַסְפָּדָה, מִסְפֵּד.

סֶֽפֶד m.n. PBH lamentation. [From ספד.]

סַפְדָּן m.n. PBH hired mourner, lamenter. [Formed from ספד with agential suff. ◌ָן.]

ספה ᴵ to sweep away, destroy.
    — Qal - סָפָה he swept away, destroyed.
    — Niph. - נִסְפָּה was swept away, was destroyed. [Aram. סְפִי, Syr. סְפָא (= he collected, picked up), Arab. safā (= it raised dust and carried it away). cp. the related bases אסף, יסף, סוף.] Derivative: הִסָּפוּת.

ספה ᴵᴵ to add.
    — Qal - סָפָה he added.
    — Hiph. - הִסְפָּה he added. [Related to the bases אסף, יסף, ספה ᴵ.] Derivative: סְפִיָּה ᴵ.

סִפָּה f.n. basin. [The word arose through back formation from סִפּוֹת, occurring Kin. I 7:50 and Kin. II 12:14. According to most scholars, however, סִפּוֹת in the above passages is the pl. of סַף ᴵᴵ (q.v.).]

סַפָּה f.n. sofa, coach. [Formed after סַפּוֹת (Sam. II 17:28), supposed to be the pl. of this word. Most scholars, however, rightly see in this word the pl. of סַף ᴵᴵ (= basin). The word סַפָּה was influenced in form and meaning by its resemblance to It. sofa, Fren. sofa, etc. (see ‘sofa’ in my CEDEL).]

סָפוּג adj. permeated with, saturated. [Pass. part. of סָפַג. See ספג.]

סִפּוּג m.n. PBH wiping, drying. [Verbal n. of סִפֵּג, Pi. of ספג.]

סְפוֹג m.n. PBH sponge, any absorbent material. [From Gk. sphongos, spongos, which is borrowed from an unknown source.] Derivatives: ספג, סְפוֹגִי, סְפוֹגָנִי, סֻפְגָּן.

סְפוֹגִי adj. MH spongy, spongelike. [Formed from סְפוֹג with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סְפוֹגִיּוּת.

סְפוֹגִיּוּת f.n. NH sponginess. [Formed from סְפוֹגִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְפוֹגָנִי adj. PBH spongy. [Formed from סְפוֹג with suff. ◌ָנִי.]

סִפּֽוּחַ m.n. NH annexing, annexation. [Verbal n. of סִפַּח, Pi. of ספח ᴵ.]

סָפוּן ᴵ adj. 1 covered, roofed. 2 hidden, concealed. 3 closed, shut up (fig.). [Pass. part. of ספן ᴵ cp. שָׂפוּן.]

סָפוּן ᴵᴵ adj. PBH honored, esteemed. [Pass. part. of סָפַן. See ספן ᴵᴵ.]

סִפּוּן m.n. ceiling (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Kin. I 6:15). [From ספן ᴵ.] Derivative: סִפּוּנַאי.

סִפּוּנַאי m.n. NH deck worker. [Formed from סִפּוּן with suff. ◌ַאי.]

סְפּוֹנְטָנִי adj. FW spontaneous. [Late L. spontāneus (= of one’s free will, voluntarily), ablative of spōns (= free will), which is of uncertain origin. See ‘spontaneous’ in my CEDEL. For the ending of סְפּוֹנְטָנִי see suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סְפּוֹנְטָנִיּוּת.

סְפּוֹנְטָנִיּוּת f.n. FW spontaneousness. [Formed from סְפּוֹנְטָנִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִפּוּק ᴵ m.n. PBH 1 supplying, purveying. MH 2 satisfaction, gratification. PBH 3 possibility. [Verbal n. of סִפֵּק, Pi. of ספק ᴵᴵ.]

סִפּוּק ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH clapping (esp. of the hands). [Verbal n. of סִפֵּק, Pi. of ספק ᴵ.]

סִפּוּק ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. MH doubt. [From ספק ᴵᴵᴵ.]

סִפּוּק ᴵⱽ m.n. PBH connection. [Verbal n. of סִפֵּק, Pi. of ספק ᴵⱽ.]

סָפוּר adj. MH counted, numbered. [Pass. part. of סָפַר. See ספר ᴵ.]

סִפּוּר ᴵ m.n. PBH narrative, story. [Verbal n. of סִפֵּר, Pi. of ספר ᴵ.] Derivative: סִפּוּרִי.

סִפּוּר ᴵᴵ m.n. MH haircutting. [Verbal n. of סִפֵּר, Pi. of ספר ᴵᴵ.]

סְפוֹרָה f.n. number (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 71:16 in the pl.). [From ספר ᴵ.]

סְפּוֹרְט m.n. FW sport. [Borrowed from Eng. sport, short form of disport, from Fren. desport, from (se) desporter (= to seek amusement), lit.: ‘to carry oneself in the opposite direction’, from des-, a suff. denoting ‘separation’, and porter (= to carry). See ‘disport’ (n. & v.) in my CEDEL and cp. ‘sport’ ibid.] Derivative: סְפּוֹרְטַאי.

סְפּוֹרְטַאי m.n. FW sportsman. [Formed from סְפּוֹרְט with suff. ◌ַאי.]

סְפּוֹרְטִיבִי adj. FW sportive. [Formed from Eng. sportive. See ‘sport’ and suff. ‘-ive’ in my CEDEL.]

סִפּוּרִי adj. NH narrative, descriptive. [Formed from סִפּוּר ᴵ with suff. ◌ִי.]

סִפּוּרִיּוּת f.n. NH narrativeness. [Formed from סִפּוּרִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

ספח ᴵ to add, join, attach (a base occurring only in Heb. cp. שׂפח ᴵᴵ.]
    — Qal - סָפַח he added, joined, attached.
    — Niph. - נִסְפַּח he attached himself, joined.
    — Pi. - סִפַּח he added, joined, attached.
    — Pu. - סֻפַּח were joined together, held themselves together.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּפַּח he attached himself, joined. Derivatives: סֶפַח ᴵᴵ, סִפּוּחַ, סְפִיחָה, הִסָּפְחוּת, הִסְתַּפְּחוּת, מִסְפָּח, מְסֻפָּח, נִסְפָּח. cp. מִסְפָּחָה.

ספח ᴵᴵ to erupt.
    — Pi. - סִפַּח he caused a scab upon, afflicted with scab.
    — Pu. - סֻפַּח was afflicted with scab. [Base of סַפַּחַת, מִסְפַּחַת. cp. שׂפח. cp. also Arab. saḫafa (= was thin, was flimsy).]

סֶֽפַח ᴵ m.n. PBH aftergrowth. [Related to סָפִיחַ ᴵ.]

סֶֽפַח ᴵᴵ m.n. NH attachment. [From ספח ᴵ.]

סַפַּֽחַת f.n. scurf, scab (in the Bible occurring only Lev. 13:2; 14:56). [From ספח ᴵᴵ. For the ending see suff. ◌ַת.]

סֶפְּטוּאָגִינְטָה f.n. FW Septuagint. [L. septuāgintā (= seventy), from septem (= seven), with - gintā, a suff. denoting tens. See ‘seven’ and ‘penteconta’ in my CEDEL and cp. קָרַנְטִין.]

סֶפְּטִילְיוֹן m.n. FW septillion. [Fren. septillion, formed from L. septem (= seven) on the analogy of million (see מִילְיוֹן).]

סֶפְּטִימָה f.n. FW seventh (music). [L. septima, f. of septimus (= seventh), from septem. See ‘seven’ in my CEDEL.]

סֶפְּטֶמְבֶּר m.n. FW September. [L. September (mēnsis), lit.: ‘the seventh month’ (of the Roman year, which began with March), from septem (= seven). See ‘seven’ in my CEDEL. cp. אוֹקְטוֹבֶּר, נוֹבֶמְבֶּר, דֶּצֶמְבֶּר.]

סְפִי ⱽ PBH he gave to eat, fed. [Aram. סְפָא, related to Ugar. sp^u, (= to eat). cp. מַסְפּוֹא. cp. also ספת.] Derivative: סְפִיָּה ᴵᴵ.

סָפִיג adj. NH absorbable. [Coined from ספג (= to absorb), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: סְפִיגוּת.

סְפִיגָה f.n. NH absorption. [Verbal n. of סָפַג. See ספג and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְפִיגוּת f.n. NH absorbability. [Formed from סָפִיג with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְפִידָה f.n. NH wailing, lamenting, mourning. [Verbal n. of סָפַד. See ספד and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְפִּידוֹמֶטֶר m.n. FW speedometer. [A hybrid coined from Eng. speed (q.v. in my CEDEL) and Gk. metron (= measure). See מֶטֶר.]

סְפִיָּה ᴵ f.n. MH addition. [Verbal n. of סָפָה. See ספה ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְפִיָּה ᴵᴵ f.n. NH feeding. [From Aram. סְפִי, סְפָא (= he gave to eat, fed). See סְפִי and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָפִֽיחַ ᴵ m.n. aftergrowth. [Of uncertain origin; possibly derived from ספח ᴵ and lit. meaning ‘additional growth’. cp. סֶפַח ᴵ.]

סָפִֽיחַ ᴵᴵ m.n. outpouring (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 14:19). [Of uncertain origin. According to some scholars, סָפִיחַ in this sense is a metathesized derivative of סחף.]

סְפִיחָה f.n. NH absorption. [Verbal n. of סָפַח. See ספח ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָפִין m.n. NH panel. [From ספן ᴵ.]

סְפִינָה f.n. ship, boat, vessel (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jon. 1:5). [Aram.-Syr. סְפִינָא, סְפִינְתָּא, Akka. sapinatu. These words prob. derive from ספן ᴵ (= to cover, panel), and lit. mean ‘covered, overlaid, with deck’.] Derivatives: סְפִינֹנֶת, סַפָּן, סַפְנָה, מִסְפָּן, מִסְפָּנָה.

סְפִינְכְּס, סְפִינְקְס m.n. FW Sphinx. [Gk. sphinx (= sphinx; rapacious person; lit. meaning ‘she that binds’, or ‘she that strangles’). See ‘sphincter’ in my CEDEL and cp. ‘Sphinx’ ibid.]

סְפִינֹֽנֶת f.n. NH a small ship. [Dimin. formed from סְפִינָה.]

סְפִיקָה ᴵ f.n. PBH 1 need, sufficiency, satisfaction. PBH 2 possibility. NH 3 supply. [Verbal n. of סָפַק. See ספק ᴵᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְפִיקָה ᴵᴵ f.n. MH clapping. [Verbal n. of סָפַק. See ספק ᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְפִיר m.n. PBH a plant (usually identified with the plant Vicia Narbonensis). [Of uncertain origin.]

סָפִיר ᴵ m.n. PBH counting, numbering. [From ספר ᴵ (= to count).]

סָפִיר ᴵᴵ adj. NH countable. [Coined from ספר ᴵ (= to count), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: סְפִירוּת.

סַפִּיר m.n. sapphire; Lapis Lazuli. [From Old I. sani-prijám (= sapphire), lit.: ‘dear to Saturn’, from Sani (= Saturn), and prija’ḥ (= dear). See ‘free’ in my CEDEL. Gk. sappheiros (= sapphire), whence L. sapphīrus, is a Heb. loan word; see ‘sapphire’ in my CEDEL. cp. Aram. סַנֽפִּירִינוֹן.] Derivative: סַפִּירִי.

סְפִירָה f.n. PBH 1 counting, numbering. PBH 2 short for סְפִירַת־הָעֹמֶר (= the counting of the ‘Omer’, i.e. the 49 days between the second day of Passover and Pentecost, according to the commandment in Lev. 23:15 and 16). NH 3 time reckoning. [Verbal n. of סָפַר. See ספר and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְפֵירָה f.n. PBH 1 ball. MH 2 sphere, any of the ten potencies or agencies of the divine manifestation (a term of the ‘Kaballah’). NH 3 environment. [From Gk. sphaira (= ball, globe, sphere), which is of uncertain origin. cp. the second element in אַטְמוֹסְפֵירָה, טְרוֹפּוֹסְפֵירָה, יוֹנוֹסְפֵירָה, סְטְרָטוֹסְפֵירָה, פוֹטוֹסְפֵירָה.]

סְפֵירוֹאִיד m.n. FW spheroid. [Late L. sphaeroeidēs, from Gk. spheroeides (= spherical), which is compounded of sphaira (= sphere), and oeides (= like), from eidos (= form, shape). See אִידֶאָה.]

סְפֵירוֹמֶטֶר m.n. FW spherometer. [Fren. sphéromètre. See סְפֵירָה and מֶטֶר.]

סְפִּירוֹמֶטֶר m.n. FW spirometer. [Compounded of L. spīrāre (= to breathe), and Gk. metron (= measure). See סְפִּירְט and מֶטֶר.]

סַפִּירוּת f.n. MH transparency. [Formed from סַפִּיר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְפִירוּת ᴵ f.n. writing, recording. [Formed from ספר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְפִירוּת ᴵᴵ f.n. NH countability. [Formed from סָפִיר ᴵᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְפִּירְט m.n. FW spirit, alcohol. [L. spīritus (= breathing, breath, breath of life, soul, mind, spirit, courage), from spirare (= to breath), which prob. derives from IE imitative base speis- (= to blow). For the sense development of L. spīritus cp. נֶפֶשׁ. cp. סְפִּירִיטוּאָלִיזְם, אִינְסְפִּירַצְיָה, קוֹנְסְפִּירַצְיָה, סְפִּירִיטִיזְם, סְפִּירִיטִיסְט, and the first element in סְפִּירוֹמֶטֶר.]

סַפִּירִי adj. MH sapphirine; transparent. [Formed from סַפִּיר with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סַפִּירִיּוּת.

סַפִּירִיּוּת f.n. MH transparency. [Formed from סַפִּירִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְפִּירִיטוּאָלִיזְם m.n. FW spiritualism. [Formed from L. spirituālis (= spiritual), from spīritus. See סְפִּירְט and suff. ◌ִיזְם.]

סְפִּירִיטִיזְם m.n. FW spiritism. [From L. spīritus. See סְפִּירְט and suff. ◌ִיזְם.]

סְפִּירִיטִיסְט m.n. FW spiritist. [From L. spīritus. See סְפִּירְט and suff. ◌ִיסְט.] Derivative: סְפִּירִיטִיסְטִי.

סְפִּירִיטִיסְטִי adj. FW spiritistic. [Formed from סְפִּירִיטִיסְט with suff. ◌ִי.]

סְפִּירָלִי adj. FW spiral. [L. spīrālis, from spīra (= coil, twist), from Gk. speira (of s.m.), whence speirama (= coil, twist). For the L. ending - ālis see adj. suff. ‘-al’ in my CEDEL. For the ending ◌ִי see suff. ◌ִי in this dictionary.]

סֵֽפֶל m.n. bowl. [A loan word from Akka. saplu (= bowl), whence also Aram. סִפְלָא, whence Arab. sifl (= bowl).] Derivatives: סַפֽלוּל, סִפְלוֹן.

סַפְלוּל m.n. NH 1 small cup. 2 cupule (botany). [Dimin. formed from סֵפֶל through reduplication of the ל.]

סִפְלוֹן f.n. NH a small cup. [Formed from סֶפֶל with dimin. suff. ◌וֹן.]

ספן ᴵ 1 to cover, panel (ceiling), roof. 2 to hide.
    — Qal - סָפַן 1 he covered, paneled (ceiling), roofed; 2 he hid.
    — Niph. - נִסְפַּן 1 was covered, was paneled, was roofed; 2 was hidden.
    — Hiph. - הִסְפִּין he docked (said of a ship). [Related to Akka. sapānu, also shapānu (= to cover, overwhelm), sapannu (= concealment, depth of the sea), Ethiop. safana (= he dominated), Aram. סְפַן (= he covered, overlaid), Phoen. מספנתה (= her roof). cp. שָׂפוּן. cp. also ספן ᴵᴵ. Prob. related to צפן. cp. סְפִינָה.] Derivatives: סֶפֶן, סָפוּן ᴵ.

ספן ᴵᴵ to value, esteem, honor.
    — Qal - סָפַן he valued, esteemed, honored. [Prob. sense enlargement of ספן ᴵ.] Derivative: סָפוּן ᴵᴵ.

סַפָּן m.n. PBH sailor. [Back formation from סְפִינָה.] Derivative: סַפָּנוּת.

סֶֽפֶן m.n. MH mystery. [From ספן ᴵ.]

סַפְנָה f.n. NH hold (of a ship). [From סְפִינָה.]

סַפָּנוּת f.n. NH shipping, sailing, navigation. [Formed from סַפָּן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְפַּנְיוֹלִית f.n. NH Ladino (Spanish used by Sephardi Jews). [Formed from אִיסֽפַּנְיָה (= Spain), from L. Hispania.]

סִפְסוּף m.n. PBH late ripening fruit. [Related to סוֹף (= end), סְיָפָה (= late ripening fruit).]

סִפְסוּר m.n. NH 1 mediation. 2 profiteering. [Verbal n. of סִפְסֵר. See ספסר.]

סַפְסָל m.n. PBH bench, stool. [From L. sub-selliam (= bench, seat), through the medium of Gk. suphellion, formed from sub (= under; see סוּבּ◌), and sella, from the base of sedēre (= to sit). See ‘sedentary’ in my CEDEL and cp. the second element in סַנְהֶדְרִין.]

סְפַּסְמָה f.n. FW spasm. [Gk. spasmos (= spasm, convulsion), from span (= to draw, tearn tear out), from IE base sp (= to draw, span, stretch, extend). See ‘space’ in my CEDEL.]

ספסף to tear, to cut (hair); to singe, burn.
    — Pi. - סִפְסֵף 1 he tore, cut (hair); 2 singed, burned. [Pilp of סוף, and lit. meaning ‘to do something with the end of a thing’. cp. פִּסְפֵּס ᴵᴵ. For other Pilp. verbs formed from ע״ו verbs see זעזע and cp. words there referred to.]

סַפְסָר m.n. PBH 1 middleman. NH 2 speculator, profiteer, broker. [From Pers. sifsār, whence also Arab. simsār. Aram. סִפְסִירָא derives from Pers. sifsīr, a collateral form of sifsār.] Derivatives: ספסר, סַפְסָרוּת, סַפְסָרִי.

ספסר to mediate, speculate, act as a broker.
    — Pi. - סִפֽסֵר he mediated, speculated, profiteered, acted as a broker. [Denominated from סַפְסָר.] Derivative: סִפְסוּר.

סַפְסָרוּת f.n. NH mediation, speculation, profiteering, brokerage. [Formed from סַפְסָר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַפְסָרִי adj. NH speculative, profiteering. [Formed from סַפְסָר with suff. ◌ִי.]

ספף to stand on the threshold.
    — Hithpol. - הִסְתּוֹפֵף he stood on the threshold (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 84:11 in the inf.). [Denominated from סַף ᴵ.]

סְפֶּצְיָאלִי adj. FW special. [L. speciālis (= individual, particular, special), from speciēs (= sight, look, appearance, kind), which is related to specere (= to see, look at, behold), which derives from IE base spek (= to look at, examine, spy). cp. סְפֶּצִיפִי, סְפֶּקוּלַצְיָה, סְפֶּקְטְרוּם, ◌סְקוֹפּ, אַסְפַּקְלַרְיָה, סְקֶפְּטִי, פְּרוֹסְפֶּקֽט, פֶּרֽסְפֶּקְטִיבָה, קוֹנְסְפֶּקְט, רֶטְרוֹסְפֶּקְטִיבִי. For L. ending – ālis see adj. suff. ‘–al’ in my CEDEL. For the ending ◌ִי see suff. ◌ִי in this dictionary.] Derivatives: סְפֶּצִיאָלִיּוּת, סְפֶּצִיאָלִיסְט.

סְפֶּצְיָאלִיּוּת f.n. FW specialty, speciality. [Formed from סְפֶּצְיָאלִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְפֶּצְיָאלִיסְט m.n. FW specialist. [Formed from סְפֶּצְיָאלִי with suff. ◌ִיסְט.]

סְפֶּצִיפִי adj. FW specific. [Med. L. specificus, from L. speciēs. See סְפֶּצְיָאלִי and suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סְפֶּצִפִיּוּת.

סְפֶּצִיפִיּוּת m.n. FW specificality. [Formed from סְפֶּצִיפִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְפֶּצִיפִיקַצְיָה f.n. FW specification. Med. L. specificātio, from specificātus, p. part. of specificāre. [For the first element see סְפֶּצְיָאלִי, for the second see ‘-fy’ in my CEDEL. For the ending -ātiō see suff. ◌ַצְיָה.]

ספק ᴵ to clap (the hands in sorrow).
    — Qal - סָפַק he clapped (the hands in sorrow).
    — Pi. - סִפֵּק he clapped (the hands). [Arab. safaqa, ṣafaqa (= he slapped the face, struck the hands). cp. שׂפק ᴵ. cp. ספק ᴵⱽ.] Derivative: סִפּוּק ᴵᴵ.

ספק ᴵᴵ to be sufficient, suffice (later spelling for Biblical Heb. שׂפק ᴵᴵ.]
    — Qal - סָפַק was sufficient, sufficed.
    — Pi. - סִפֵּק PBH 1 he supplied, furnished; MH 2 he made possible, enabled; NH 3 he satisfied.
    — Pu. - סֻפַּק PBH 1 was supplied, was given; NH 2 was satisfied.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּפֵּק 1 he had enough; 2 he supplied himself; 3 he used.
    — Hiph. - הִסְפִּיק PBH 1 he supplied; PBH 2 he enabled; PBH 3 he succeeded; NH 4 it was sufficient.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְפַּק was supplied, was given. cp. ספק ᴵⱽ. Derivatives: סַפָּק, סֵפֶק, סִפֵּק, סִפּוּק ᴵ, סֽפִיקָה ᴵ, סְפֵקָה, סֽתַפּֽקָן, הֶסְפֵּק, הַסְפָּקָה, מַסְפִּיק, מְסַפֵּק, מְסֻפָּק ᴵᴵ, מִסְתַּפֵּק, תספק, תִּסְפֹּקֶת.

ספק ᴵᴵᴵ to doubt.
    — Pi. - סִפֵּק he made doubtful, regarded as doubtful.
    — Pu. - סֻפַּק was doubtful, was regarded as doubtful.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּפֵּק was doubtful, was to be doubted. [Denominated from סָפֵק.] Derivatives: סַפֽקָן, מִסְפָּק, מֽסֻפָּק ᴵ.

ספק ᴵⱽ to join, attach.
    — Pi. - סִפֵּק he joined, attached. [Prob. related to ספק ᴵᴵ.]

סָפֵק m.n. PBH (pl. סֽפֵקוֹת) doubt. [Of uncertain origin. cp. סֵפֶק, סֽפֵקָא. cp. also שֶׂפֶק ᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: ספק ᴵᴵᴵ, סֽפֵקָה ᴵᴵ, סְפֵקוּת.

סַפָּק m.n. NH supplier, purveyor, caterer. [Nomen opificis formed from סִפֵּק (= he supplied), Pi. of ספק ᴵᴵ.]

סֶֽפֶק m.n. NH doubt. [A secondary form of סָפֵק.] Derivative: סְפֵקָה ᴵ.

סֵֽפֶק, סִפֵּק m.n. PBH sufficiency, abundance, ability, possibility, capacity. [From ספק ᴵᴵ. Later spelling for Biblical Heb. שֵׂפֶק.]

סְפֵקָא m.n. PBH doubt. [Aram. equivalent of Heb. סָפֵק.]

סְפֵקָה ᴵ f.n. PBH possibility. [From סֶפֶק. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְפֵקָה ᴵᴵ f.n. MH doubt. [From סָפֵק. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְפֶּקוּלַצְיָה f.n. FW speculation. [Late L. speculātiō, from L. speculātus, p. part. of speculārī (= to watch, observe, examine), from specula (= lookout, watchtower), from specere (= to see, look at, behold). See סְפֶּצְיָאלִי.]

סְפֵקוּת f.n. MH doubtfulness. [Formed from סָפֵק with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְפֶּקְטְרוּם m.n. FW spectrum. [L. spectrum (= appearance, image), from specere (= to see, look at, behold). See סְפֶּצְיָאלִי and cp. סְפֶּקְטְרוֹגְרָף, סְפֶּקְטְרוֹסְקוֹפּ.]

סְפֶּקְטְרוֹגְרָף m.n. FW spectrograph. [Compounded of סְפֶּקְטְרוּם and ◌גְרָף.]

סְפֶּקְטְרוֹסְקוֹפּ m.n. FW spectroscope. [Compounded of סְפֶּקְטְרוּם and ◌סְקוֹפּ.]

סַפְקָן m.n. NH doubter; sceptic. [Formed from ספק ᴵᴵᴵ with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: סַפְקָנוּת, סַפְקָנִי.

סַפְקָנוּת f.n. NH doubtfulness; scepticism. [Formed from סַפְקָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַפְקָנִי adj. NH doubtful; sceptical. [Formed from סַפְקָן with suff. ◌ִי.]

ספר ᴵ to count, number; to recount, tell, narrate.
    — Qal - סָפַר he counted, numbered.
    — Niph. - נִסְפַּר was counted, was numbered.
    — Pi. - סִפֵּר 1 he counted, numbered; 2 he recounted, told, narrated (for sense development cp. רצה, ‘to pay off’, and words there referred to).
    — Pu. - סֻפַּר was recounted, was told, was narrated. [Denominated from סֵפֶר.] Derivatives: סוֹפֵר, סְפָר ᴵ, סִפְרָה ᴵᴵ, סְפוֹרָה, סִפּוּר ᴵ, סָפִיר, סְפִירָה, סֽפִירוּת, סִפֹּרֶת, מִסֽפָּר, מְסַפֵּר, מְסֻפָּר ᴵ, ספרר.

ספר ᴵᴵ to cut.
    — Pi. - סִפֵּר he cut the hair.
    — Pu. - סֻפַּר (his hair) was cut.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּפֵּר he had (his hair) cut. [Aram.-Syr. סַפַּר (= he cut the hair). Base of מִסְפָּרַיִם (= scissors). cp. shafra (= large knife, blade of a sword).] Derivatives: סַפָּר, סִפּוּר ᴵᴵ, הִסֽתַּפְּרוּת, מִסְפָּרָה, מֽסֻפָּר ᴵᴵ, מִסְפֶּרֶת, תִּסֽפֹּרֶת.

סֵֽפֶר m.n. 1 (in ancient times) letter, document. 2 book. [Prob. an ancient loan word from Akka. shipru (= missive, message, letter), from shapāru (= to send); whence ‘to send a letter; to write a letter; to write’. cp. Aram. סִפְרָא, Syr. סֶפְרָא (whence Arab. sifr, ‘book’), Ugar. spr (= writing, letter), which are also borrowed from Akka. shipru. For sense development cp. Gk. epistole (= message, letter), from epistellein (= to send to).] Derivatives: ספר ᴵ, סִפְרָה ᴵ, סִפְרוֹן, סִפֽרוּת, סִפֽרִיָּה, סַפְרָן. cp. סִפְרָא, סִפְרֵי.

סַפָּר m.n. PBH barber, hairdresser. [Nomen opificis formed from סִפֵּר (= he cut the hair), Pi. of ספר ᴵᴵ, related to, or more prob. borrowed from, Aram.-Syr. סַפָּרָא (= barber).] Derivative: סַפָּרוּת. cp. סַפָּרִית.

סְפָר ᴵ m.n. enumeration, census (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Chron. II 2:16). [From ספר ᴵ.]

סְפָר ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH border, frontier. [Related to Akka. supuru (= wall, fence), Aram. סְפָרָא (= shore).]

סִפְרָא m.n. PBH ‘Sifrah’ — a halakhic Midrash on Leviticus; called also תּוֹרַת כֹּהֲנִים. [Aram., lit.: ‘the book’, short for סִפְרָא דְּבֵי רַב (= the Book of the School of Rabh). See סֵפֶר and cp. סִפְרֵי.]

סָפְרָא m.n. 1 scribe, secretary. PBH 2 scholar, teacher. [Aram. סָפְרָא, subst. use of the part. of סְפַר, hence corresponding exactly to Heb. סוֹפֵר (q.v.).]

סְפָרַד f.n. 1 name of a country (a hapax legomenon occurring in Oba. verse 20 and prob. meaning Asia Minor or a country in it, perhaps Lydia or Phrygia). MH 2 Spain (as identified by the Jonathan Targum). Derivatives: סְפָרַדִי ᴵ, סְפָרַדִי ᴵᴵ, ספרד.

ספרד to sephardize, turn into Sephardi.
    — Pi. - סִפְרֵד he sephardized.
    — Nith. - הִסְתַּפְרֵד, נִסְתַּפְרֵד he behaved like a Sephardi, he became a Sephardi. [Denominated from סְפָרַד.]

סְפָרַדִּי ᴵ adj. NH Spanish. [Formed from סְפָרַד with suff. ◌ִי.]

סְפָרַדִּי ᴵᴵ m.n. NH 1 Spaniard. 2 Sephardi, Jew of Spanish descent. [From סְפָרַדִּי ᴵ.]

סִפְרָה ᴵ f.n. book (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 56:9 in the form סִפְרָתֶךָ). [f. formed from סֵפֶר.]

סִפְרָה ᴵᴵ f.n. NH figure, cipher, digit. [Coined from סָפַר (= he counted). cp. Arab. sifr (= zero). For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] Derivative: סִפְרָתִי.

סִפְרוֹן m.n. NH a small book. [Formed from סֵפֶר with dimin. suff. ◌וֹן.]

סִפְרוּר m.n. NH numeration, numbering. [Verbal n. of סִפְרֵר. See ספרר.]

סַפָּרוּת f.n. NH hairdressing. [Formed from סַפָּר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִפְרוּת f.n. MH literature. [Formed from סֵפֶר with suff. ◌וּת. cp. Aram. סַפְרוּתָא (= teacher’s office).] Derivatives: סִפְרוּתִי, ספרת.

סִפְרוּתִי adj. NH literary. [Formed from סִפְרוּת with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סִפְרוּתִיּוּת.

סִפְרוּתִיּוּת f.n. NH literariness. [Formed from סִפְרוּתִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִפְרֵי m.n. pl. ‘Sifrei’ — a halachic Midrash on Numbers and Deuteronomy. [Aram. סִפְרֵי (= the Books), pl. of סִפְרָא (q.v.).]

סִפְרִיָּה f.n. NH library. [Coined by Itthamar Ben-Avi (1882–1943) in the sense of ‘bookstore’ from סֵפֶר (= book) and suff. ◌ִיָּה.]

סַפָּרִית f.n. hairdresser. [f. of סַפָּר (q.v.).]

סַפְרָן m.n. NH librarian. [Formed from סֵפֶר with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: סַפְרָנוּת.

סַפְרָנוּת f.n. NH librarianship. [Formed from סַפְרָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

ספרר to numerate, to number.
    — Pil. - סִפְרֵר he numerated, numbered.
    — Pul. - סֻפְרַר was numbered. [Formed from ספר ᴵ through reduplication of the ר.] Derivative: סִפְרוּר.

ספרת to literarize.
    — Pi. - סִפְרֵת he literarized.
    — Pu. - סֻפְרַת was literarized. [Denominated from סִפְרוּת.]

סִפְרָתִי adj. digital. [Formed from סִפְרָה with adj. suff. ◌ִי.]

סִפֹּֽרֶת f.n. NH narrative prose, diction, belles lettres. [Formed from סִפֵּר (= he recounted, told, narrated), Pi. of ספר ᴵ, with suff. ◌ֶת.] Derivative: סִפָּרְתָּן.

סִפָּרְתָּן m.n. NH writer of fiction, belletrist. [Formed from סִפֹּרֶת with agential suff. ◌ָן.]

ספת to give to eat, feed, stuff.
    — Qal - סָפַת he gave to eat, fed, stuffed. [Related to Aram. סְפִי (= he gave to eat). See סְפִי.]

סְצֵינָה f.n. FW scene. [L. scaena, scēna, from Gk. skene (= tent, booth, stage), related to skia (= shade); from IE base ski- (= to shine, flicker, glimmer). See ‘shine’ in my CEDEL and cp. סְצֵנַרְיוּם.]

סְצֵנַרְיוּם m.n. FW scenario. [It. scenario, from Late L. scēnārius (= of stage scenes), from L. scaena, scēna. See סְצֵינָה.]

סַק m.n. PBH sack. [A later spelling of שַׂק.] Derivative: סַקַּאי ᴵ.

סַקַּאי ᴵ m.n. PBH (pl. סַקָּאִים and סַקָּיִים) sack maker, sacker. [Formed from סַק with suff. ◌ַאי.]

סַקַּאי ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH a species of locust. [Of uncertain origin.]

סקב to wound, rub sore.
    — Pi. - סִקֵּב he wounded, rubbed sore.
    — Pu. - סֻקַּב wounded, was rubbed sore. [Related to Aram. סַקַּב (= he wounded by pressing), Syr. סְקָבָא (= wound), Arab. shaqaba (= he cut in, made incisions), shaqb (= fissure in a mountain).]

סקד to chastise, punish.
    — Niph. - נִסְקַד was chastised, was punished. [Syr. סַקַּד (= he chastised, caused pain), Arab. saqqada, asqada (= he made a horse thin, emaciated).] Derivative: סִקּוּד.

סִקּוּד m.n. MH punishment. [From סקד.]

סִקּוּל m.n. PBH clearing away of stones. [Verbal n. of סִקֵּל, Pi. of סקל.]

סְקוּלְפְּטוּרָה f.n. FW sculpture. [L. sculptūra (= a carving), from sculptus, p. part. of sculpere (= to cut, carve, scrape), which is related to scalpere (= to cut, carve, scrape). These words derive from IE (s)qel(e)-p (= to cut, cleave, split). See ‘shelf’ and ‘-ure’ in my CEDEL.]

סֶקוּלָרִיזַצְיָה f.n. FW secularization. [Fren. secularisation, from séculariser, from Late L. saeculāris (= secular, pertaining to a generation or age), from L. saeculum, saeclum (= period of a man’s life, generation, period of a hundred years). See ‘sow’ (v.) and ‘-ar’ in my CEDEL. For the ending see suff. ◌ַצְיָה.]

סֶקוּנְדָּה f.n. FW second (1/60 of a minute). [Fren. seconde, from L. minūta secunda, lit.: ‘the second small part (of an hour)’, in contradistinction to pars minūta prīma (= the first small part; i.e. ‘minute’). See ‘sequel’ in my CEDEL and cp. סֶקוּנְדַּנְט and סֶקוּנְדָּרִי. cp. also אַסּוֹצִיאַצְיָה, אֶקְסֶקוּטִיבָה, קוֹנְסֶקְוֶנְטִי.]

סֶקוּנְדַּנְט m.n. FW second (in a duel). [L. secundāns, part. of secundāre (= to direct favorably, adapt, accomodate), from secundus (= the second). See סֶקוּנְדָה. For the ending see suff. ‘-ant’ in my CEDEL.]

סֶקוּנְדָּרִי adj. FW secondary. [L. secundārius (= pertaining to the second class, inferior), from secundus (= the second). See סֶקוּנְדָּה.]

◌סְקוֹפּ FW scope (combining form used to denote an instrument for examining with the eye as in מִיקְרוֹסְקוֹפּ). [Gk. skopion, from skopein (= to look at, examine, survey), from skopos (= watcher, examiner, spy, scout), which stands in gradational relationship to skeptomai (= look closely at, look carefully at). See סְפֶּצְיָאלִי and cp. the second element in הוֹרוֹסְקוֹפּ.]

סְקוּפָּה see סְקֻפָּה.

סִקּוּר m.n. PBH 1 looking, glancing. NH 2 review. [Verbal n. of סִקֵּר, Pi. of סקר ᴵ. cp. שִׂקּוּר.]

סֶקְטָה f.n. FW sect. [Fren. secte, from L. secta (= a trodden way, path; a following; a school of thought), properly p. part. of sequī (= to follow). Early confused in sense with secta, f. p. part. of secāre (= to cut); see סֶקְטוֹר.]

סֶקְטוֹר m.n. FW sector. [L. sector (= one who cuts), from sectus, p. part. of secāre (= to cut), related to secūris (= ax), from IE base seq- (= to cut). cp. ‘section’ in my CEDEL. For the ending see agential suff. ‘-or’ in my CEDEL. cp. סֶקַנְס, סֶקְצְיָה, סֶקְס.]

סֶקְטַנְט m.n. FW sectarian. [See סֶקְטָה. For the ending see suff. ‘-ant’ in my CEDEL.]

סְקִי m.n. FW ski. [Norwegian ski, from skīol (= wooden billet, snowshoe), which is related to Old Eng. scīd (= stick of wood). cp. ‘shed’ (v.), and ‘skid’ in my CEDEL.]

סְקִילָה f.n. PBH stoning; execution by stoning. [Verbal n. of סָקַל. See סקל and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְקִיצָה f.n. FW sketch. [It. schizzo, from L. schedium (= an extemporaneous poem), from Gk. schedios (= temporary, extemporaneous), which is related to schema (= form, shape, appearance, bearing). See סְכֵימָה.]

סְקִירָה f.n. PBH 1 look, glance. NH 2 review, survey. [Verbal n. of סָקַר. See סקר and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סקל to stone; execute by stoning; to free from stones.
    — Qal - סָקַל tr. v. he stoned, executed by stoning.
    — Niph. - נִסְקַל was stoned.
    — Pi. - סִקֵּל 1 he stoned, pelted with stones; 2 he freed from stones.
    — Pu. - סֻקַּל 1 was stoned, was executed by stoning. MH 2 was freed from stones. [For the privative use of the Pi. and Pu. of certain denominated verbs cp. דִּשֵּׁן (= he removed the ashes), from דֶּשֶׁן (= fat ashes); זִנֵּב (= he routed the rear of an army, lit.: ‘he cut off the tail’), from זָנָב (= tail); חִטֵּא (= he cleansed from sin, freed from sin), from חֵטְא (= sin); סִעֵף (= he lopped off the boughs), from סָעִיף (= bough); עִצֵּם (= he broke the bones of somebody), from עֶצֶם (= bone); שֵׁרֵשׁ (= he rooted out, extirpated), from שֹׁרֶשׁ (= root); cp. also עִשֵּׂב, ‘he weeded out’ (see עשׂב) and פֵּחַם (= he removed coal).] [Aram. סְקַל (= he stoned, executed by stoning), Ugar. skl (= he freed from stones). These verbs are prob. denominated from a nonoccurring noun meaning ‘stone’.] Derivatives: סִקּוּל, סְקִילָה, מְסֻקָּל.

סְקְלֶרוֹסִיס m.n. FW sclerosis (medicine). [Medical L. sclerōsis, from Gk. sklerosis (= a hardening), from skleros (= hard), which is related to skellein (= to dry up, parch). See ‘shallow’ in my CEDEL.]

סְקַנְדָּל m.n. FW scandal. [Fren. scandale, from Late L. scandalum (= cause of offense or stumbling), from Gk. skandalon (= stumbling block, offense), from IE base skand- (= to spring, leap), whence also L. scandere (= to climb, mount, scan), whence ascendere (= to climb up, mount).]

סֶקַנְס m.n. FW [L. secāns, pres. part. of secāre (= to cut). See סֶקְטוֹר. For the ending - āns, see suff. ‘-ant’ in my CEDEL.]

סֶקְס m.n. FW sex. [L. sexus. The word orig. meant ‘division’, and is related to secāre (= to cut). See סֶקְטוֹר.]

סַקְסוֹפוֹן m.n. FW saxophone. [Named after its inventor, the Belgian musical instrument maker Antoine Joseph, called Adolphe Sax (1814–94). For the second element see פוֹנֵטִיקָה.]

סֶקְסְטָה f.n. FW sixth (music). [L. sexta, f. of sextus (= sixth). See ‘six’ in my CEDEL and cp. ‘sixth’ ibid. cp. the first element in הֶקְסָמֶטֶר. cp. also סֶקְסֽטִילְיוֹן, סֶקֽסְטַנְט.]

סֶקְסְטִילְיוֹן m.n. FW sextillion. [Fren. sextillion, formed from L. sextus (= the sixth) on analogy of ‘million’. See מִילְיוֹן and cp. בִּילְיוֹן.]

סֶקְסְטַנְט m.n. FW sextant. [L. sextāns (= the sixth part), from sextus (= the sixth). See סֶקְסְטָה.]

סקף to knock, knock against someone; to seek pretexts.
    — Nith. - נִסְתַּקֵּף 1 he felt upon. 2 he sought pretexts. [Aram. סַקֵּף (= he knocked, clapped). Related to שׁקף ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: תַּסְקוּפִים.

סְקֻפָּה f.n. PBH threshold. [A secondary form of אַסְקֻפָּה (q.v.).]

סְקֶפְּטִי adj. FW skeptical. [Gk. skeptikos (= inquiring, thoughtful, doubting), related to skeptomai (= I look closely at). See סְפֶּצְיָאלִי and cp. ◌סְקוֹפּ. cp. also סְקֶפְּטִיּוּת, סְקֶפְּטִיצִיזְם.]

סְקֶפְּטִיּוּת f.n. FW skepticism. [Formed from סְקֶפְּטִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְקֶפְּטִיצִיזְם m.n. FW skepticism. [Formed from סְקֶפְּטִי with suff. ◌ִיזְם.]

סֶקְצְיָה f.n. FW section. [L. sectio (= a cutting, cutting off), from sectus, p. part. of secāre (= to cut). See סֶקֽטוֹר and suff. ◌ֽיָה.]

סקר ᴵ to look, gaze; to review.
    — Qal - סָקַר PBH 1 he looked, gazed; NH 2 he reviewed.
    — Niph. - נִסְקַר PBH 1 was looked at; NH 2 was reviewed.
    — Pi. - סִקֵּר he reviewed. [JAram.-Syr. סְקַר (= he looked, gazed). cp. שׂקר ᴵ.] Derivatives: סֶקֶר, סִקּוּר, סֽקִירָה, סַקְרָן, סִקֹּרֶת, מִסְקָר, תַּסְקִיר, תִּסְקֹרֶת.

סקר ᴵᴵ to paint red.
    — Qal - סָקַר he painted red.
    — Niph. - נִסְקַר was painted red.
    — Pi. - סִקֵּר he painted red. [Syr. סְקַר (= he smeared with paint), Arab. shaqira (= was red).] Derivative: סִקְרָה.

סֶֽקֶר m.n. NH review, survey. [From סקר ᴵ.]

סִקְרָה, סִקְרָא f.n. NH resp. PBH red paint. [From סקר ᴵ. cp. Aram. סִקְרָא, Syr. סְקָרְתָּא (= red paint), Arab. shuqra (= redness).]

סַקְרָן m.n. PBH an inquisitive, or curious person. [Formed from סקר ᴵ with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: סקרן, סַקְרָנוּת, סַקְרָנִי.

סקרן to be inquisitive, be curious.
    — Pi. - סִקְרֵן he made curious, intrigued.
    — Pu. - סֻקְרַן was made curious, was intrigued.
    — Nith. - נִסְתַּקְרֵן he became inquisitive, became curious. [Denominated from סַקְרָן.] Derivative: מְסֻקְרָן.

סַקְרָנוּת f.n. NH inquisitiveness, curiosity. [Formed from סַקְרָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַקְרָנִי adj. NH inquisitive, curious. [Formed from סַקְרָן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סְקֶרְצוֹ m.n. FW (pl. סְקֶרְצוֹאוֹת) scherzo (music). [It. scherzo, from Ger. Scherz (= jest, sport), from scherzen (= to jump with joy; to jest), from a - d- enlargement of IE base (s)qer- (= to leap, jump, bound). See ‘scarus’ in my CEDEL and cp. ‘cardinal’ (adj.) ibid.]

סִקֹּֽרֶת f.n. NH review. [Formed from סקר ᴵ with suff. ◌ֶת.]

סַר adj. sullen, ill-humored. [From סרר. cp. סרב ᴵ.]

סרב ᴵ to recline, refuse; to rebel.
    — Pi. - סֵרַב 1 he reclined, refused; 2 he rebelled.
    — Nith. - נִסְתָּרֵב was obstinate (in his refusal). [Syr. סְרַב (= he denied, contradicted; he rebelled). Prob. enlargement of סר, סרר, whence סַר (= sullen, ill-humored).] Derivatives: סָרָב, סֶרֶב, סָרְבָן, סֵרוּב.

סרב ᴵᴵ to urge, press. [Prob. syncopated from סרהב (q.v.).]

סָרָב m.n. obstinate, rebellious (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 2:6). [From סרב.]

סֶֽרֶב m.n. MH obstinacy, stubbornness. [From סרב.]

סִרְבּוּל m.n. NH heaviness, clumsiness, awkwardness. [Verbal n. of סִרְבֵּל. See סרבל.]

סַרְבָּל m.n. 1 a garment, cloak, trousers. NH 2 overalls. [BAram., whence Arab. sirbāl (= cloak), from Pers. shalwār or shulwār (= trousers), whence also Syr. שַׁרֽבְּלָא, שַׁרְוָל, שַׁלוֹר, Gk. sarabara (= trousers). cp. שַׁרֽווּל.] Derivative: סרבל.

סרבל to wrap up; to make cumbersome or clumsy.
    — Pi. - סִרְבֵּל 1 he wrapped up; 2 he made cumbersome, awkward or clumsy.
    — Pu. - סֻרְבַּל PBH 1 was wrapped up; NH 2 was made cumbersome, awkward or clumsy.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּרְבֵּל 1 he wrapped himself up; 2 he became awkward or clumsy. [Denominated from סַרְבָּל.] Derivatives: סִרְבֹּלֶת, סִרְבּוּל, מְסֻרְבָּל, הִסְתַּרְבּֽלוּת.

סִרֽבֹּֽלֶת f.n. NH awkwardness, clumsiness. [Formed from סרבל with suff. ◌ֶת.]

סָרְבָן m.n. PBH obstinate, stubborn. [Formed from סרב with agential suff.] Derivatives: סָרְבָנוּת, סָרְבָנִי.

סָרְבָנוּת f.n. PBH obstinacy, stubbornness. [Formed from סָרְבָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סָרְבָנִי adj. NH obstinate, stubborn. [Formed from סָרְבָן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סרג to lace, plait, knit
    — Qal - סָרַג he laced, plaited, knitted.
    — Niph. - נִסְרַג was laced, was plaited, was knitted.
    — Pi. - סֵרַג 1 he laced, plaited, knitted; 2 he did intermittently.
    — Pu. - סֹרַג 1 was laced, was plaited, was knitted; 2 was done intermittently.
    — Hith. - הִסְתָּרֵג was laced, was plaited, was knitted. [A later spelling corresponding to Biblical Heb. שׂרג.] Derivatives: סָרָג, סָרוּג, סֵרוּג, סוֹרֵג, סָרִיג, סְרִיגָה, הִסֽתָּרְגוּת, מְסֹרָג, מַסְרֵגָה, סֵרוּגִין. cp. סֶרֶג.

סָרָג m.n. PBH knitter, plaiter. [Nomen opificis formed from סֵרַג, Pi. of סרג.]

סֶֽרֶג m.n. MH saddle. [From Syr. סַרְגָּא, whence also Arab. sarj (= saddle).]

סֹֽרֶג m.n. NH see סוֹרֵג.

סִרְגּוּל m.n. PBH ruling (lines). [Verbal n. of סִרֽגֵּל. See סרגל.]

סַרְגִּיד m.n. PBH key ward. [Of uncertain origin.]

סרגל to rule, draw straight lines.
    — Pi. - סִרְגֵּל he ruled, drew straight lines.
    — Pu. - סֻרְגַּל was ruled, was drawn (said of a straight line). [Prob. Saph‘el formed from L. regula (= straight piece of wood, ruler, rule), which derives from regere (= to keep straight, lead, direct, rule). See ‘regent’ (adj.) in my CEDEL. Some scholars compare Syr. מְסַרְגְּדָנָא (= ruler), a word derived from סַרְגֵּד (= he traced or wrote lines), which is dominated from סוּרְגָדָא (= line, verse).] Derivatives: סַרֽגֵּל, סִרֽגּוּל, מְסֻרְגָּל.

סַרְגֵּל m.n. PBH ruler. [From סרגל.] Derivative: סַרְגֵּלִי.

סַרְגֵּלִי adj. NH linear. [Formed from סַרְגֵּל with suff. ◌ִי.]

סרד to lace, plait, knit.
    — Qal - סָרַד he laced, plaited, knitted, made latticework, made network. [Arab. sarada (= he pierced, perforated). cp. Aram. סְרָדָא (= lattice-work, network). cp. also שֽׂרָד.] Derivative: סָרָד.

סָרָד m.n. PBH netmaker. [Nomen opificis formed from סרד.]

סַרְדְּיוֹט m.n. PBH (pl. סַרֽדְיוֹטִין, also סַרְדְּיוֹטוֹת) officer, captain. [Gk. statiotes (= soldier), from stratos (= army), which derives from IE base ster- (= to spread out, extend, strew), whence also L. sternere (= to spread out, stretch out; to scatter; to cover). See ‘stratum’ in my CEDEL and cp. the first element in אֶסְטְרָטֶג.]

סַרְדִּין m.n. FW sardine. [Fren. sardine, from L. sardīna (= pilchard), from Gk. sardine, also sardinos (of s.m.), which is of uncertain origin.]

סָרָה f.n. revolt, rebellion. [Prob. derived from סרר.]

סרהב to press, urge, importune.
    — Pi. - סְרְהֵב he pressed, urged, importuned. [Siph‘el of רהב ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: סִרְהוּב.

סִרְהוּב m.n. NH urging, pressing, importuning. [Verbal n. of סִרֽהֵב. See סרהב.]

סֵרוּב m.n. PBH refusal. [Verbal n. of סֵרַב, Pi. of סרב ᴵ.]

סָרוּג adj. MH knitted. [Pass. part. of סָרַג. See סרג.]

סֵרוּג m.n. PBH lacing, plaiting, knitting. [Verbal n. of סֵרַג, Pi. of סרג.]

סֵרוּגִין m.n. pl. intermittence, intermission. [Lit.: ‘chequer work’. From סֵרוּג.]

סָרֽוּחַ ᴵ adj. stretched out, sprawling, overhanging. [Pass. part. of סָרַח (see סרח ᴵ). This is an exception because intransitive verbs regularly have no passive participle. For similar exceptions cp. בָּטוּחַ and words there referred to.]

סָרֽוּחַ ᴵᴵ adj. PBH 1 stinking, putrid. 2 sinful. [Pass. part. of סָרַח (see סרח ᴵᴵ). An intransitive verb regularly has no pass. part.; see סָרוּחַ ᴵ.]

סֵרֽוּחַ m.n. PBH stench. [From סרח ᴵᴵ.]

סָרוּט adj. NH scratched. [Pass. part. of סָרַט. See סרט ᴵ and cp. שָׂרוּט.]

סָרוּךְ adj. MH 1 dragged. 2 adherent. [Pass. part. of סָרַךְ. See סרך.]

סֵרוּס m.n. PBH 1 castration, gelding. NH 2 transposition (of words). [Verbal n. of סֵרַס, Pi. of סרס.]

סָרוֹס m.n. FW saros (the number 3600; 3600 years). [Gk. saros, from Akka. shāru.]

סָרוֹק m.n. PBH (pl. סָרוֹקוֹת) wool comber. [From סרק ᴵ.]

סָרוּק ᴵ adj. MH empty, barren. [From Aram. סְרִיק. See סָרִיק ᴵ.]

סָרוּק ᴵᴵ adj. NH combed, hackled. [Pass. part. of סָרַק. See סרק ᴵ.]

סֵרוּק m.n. NH combing. [Verbal n. of סֵרַק, Pi. of סרק ᴵ.]

סרח ᴵ to stretch, spread out, hang over.
    — Qal - סָרַח 1 it hung over; 2 it grew luxuriantly (said of vine). [Of uncertain etymology. Some scholars compare Arab. saraḥa (= he set free cattle to pasture. cp. שֶׁלַח ᴵ.] Derivatives: סֶרַח ᴵ, סָרוּחַ ᴵ, מַסְרִיחַ.

סרח ᴵᴵ to stink; to sin.
    — Qal - סָרַח 1 it stank; 2 he sinned, was corrupt; 3 he rebelled.
    — Niph. - נִסְרַח PBH 1 it stank; 2 he became corrupt (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 49:7 in the form נִסֽרֽחָה).
    — Hiph. - הִסְרִיחַ 1 it stank, became putrid; 2 he made offensive.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְרַח it became putrid, became offensive. [Aram. סְרַח (= it decayed, putrefied), Syr. סְרַח (= he sinned, was corrupt), Aram. סוּרְחָנָא (= corruptness).] Derivatives: סֶרַח ᴵᴵ, סִרְחָה, סִרְחוֹן, סַרְחוּת, סַרְחָן, סֻרְחָן, סָרוּחַ ᴵᴵ, הַסְרָחָה, מַסֽרִיחַ.

סרח ᴵᴵᴵ to scratch.
    — Qal - סָרַח he scratched. [Syr. סְרַח (= he cut, tore, wounded, hurt, injured), Arab. sharaḥa (= he cut in pieces).]

סֶֽרַח ᴵ m.n. overhanging, excess (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ex. 26:12). [From סרח ᴵ.]

סֶֽרַח ᴵᴵ m.n. MH 1 stench. 2 sin. [From סרח ᴵᴵ.]

סִרְחָה, סִרְחָא f.n. PBH stench. [From סרח ᴵᴵ.]

סִרְחוֹן m.n. PBH 1 stench. 2 sin, corruption. [Derived from סרח ᴵᴵ with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.]

סַרְחוּת f.n. PBH 1 stench. 2 sin, corruption. [Formed from סרח ᴵᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַרְחָן m.n. NH 1 stinker. PBH 2 sinner. [Formed from סרח ᴵᴵ with agential suff. ◌ָן.]

סֻרְחָן m.n. PBH 1 stench. 2 sin, corruption. [Formed from סרח ᴵᴵ with suff. ◌ָן.]

סרט ᴵ to scratch
    — Qal - סָרַט he scratched, incised.
    — Niph. - נִסְרַט was scratched, was incised.
    — Pi. - סֵרַט he scratched, incised.
    — Pu. - סֹרַט was scratched, was incised.
    — Hith. - הִסְתָּרֵט (of s.m.).
    — Pi‘lel . - סִרְטֵט (see סרטט). [A later spelling of Biblical Heb. שׂרט.] Derivatives: סָרוּט, סְרִיטָה, סַרְטָן, מַסְרֵט, מַסְרֵטָה.

סרט ᴵᴵ to film.
    — Hiph. - הִסְרִיט he filmed.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְרַט was filmed. [Denominated from סֶרֶט.] Derivatives: הַסְרָטָה, מַסְרִיט, מֻסְרָט, תַּסֽרִיט.

סֶֽרֶט m.n. PBH 1 strip. NH 2 ribbon. NH 3 film. [Related to Arab. sharīṭ (= band, ribbon, cord, string).] Derivatives: סרט ᴵᴵ, סִרְטוֹן, סִרְטִיָּה, תַּסְרִיט.

סִרְטוּט m.n. PBH 1 drawing lines. NH 2 design, sketch. [Verbal n. of סִרְטֵט; see סרטט. cp. שִׂרְטוּט.]

סִרְטוֹן m.n. NH film strip. [Formed from סֶרֶט with dimin. suff. ◌וֹן.]

סִרְטוּן m.n. NH canceration. [From סַרְטָן.]

סרטט to draw lines.
    — Pi. - סִרֽטֵט 1 he drew lines; 2 he designed, sketched.
    — Pu. - סֻרְטַט 1 was drawn (a line); 2 was designed, sketched. [Pil. of סרט; a secondary form of שׂרטט.] Derivative: סַרְטָט.

סַרְטָט m.n. NH draftsman, draughtsman. [From סרטט, secondary form of שַׂרְטָט.]

סִרְטִיָּה f.n. NH film library. [Formed from סֶרֶט with suff. ◌ִיָה.]

סַרְטָן m.n. PBH 1 crab. PBH 2 Cancer (sign of the zodiac). MH 3 cancer (disease). [Formed from סרט ᴵ. Whence Syr. סַרֽטָנָא, whence Arab. saraṭān (= crab, cancer — sign of the zodiac, cancer — disease).] Derivatives: סרטן, סַרֽטָנִי.

סרטן to be affected with cancer.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּרְטֵן was affected with cancer. [Denominated from סַרֽטָן.]

סַרְטָנִי adj. MH cancerous, cacroid. [Formed from סַרְטָן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סְרִי m.n. PBH 1 stench. 2 sin. [From Aram.-Syr. סֽרִי, סְרָא (= was putrid, was corrupt, stank). cp. Arab. shariya (= the evil spread). cp. סַרְיוּת.]

סָרִיג m.n. PBH 1 grate, lattice. NH 2 grid. [From סרג. cp. סוֹרֵג. cp. also שָׂרִיג.]

סְרִיגָה f.n. PBH 1 grate, lattice. NH 2 knitting. [Properly verbal n. of סָרַג. See סרג and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סֶרְיָה f.n. FW series. [From L. seriēs (= row, succession, sequence, series), which is related to serere (= to put in a row, join together, connect, combine), sermō (= talk, discourse, speech), and in gradational relationship to sors (= lot). cp. דִּיסֶרְטַצְיָה, קוֹנְסוֹרְצֽיוֹן. cp. also ‘series’ in my CEDEL.]

סֶרְיוֹזִי adj. FW serious. [From L. sērius (= grave, earnest, serious). See ‘serious’ in my CEDEL.]

סִרְיוֹן m.n. (pl. סִרְיוֹנוֹת) coat of mail, armor (occurring only Jer. 46:4 and 51:3). [A collateral form of שִׁרְיוֹן. cp. Aram. סִרֽיָנָא (of s.m.).]

סַרְיוּת f.n. PBH stench. [From Aram.-Syr. סַרְיוּתָא, from סְרִי. See סְרִי.]

סְרִיחָה f.n. MH stinking, stench. [Verbal n. of סָרַח. See סרח ᴵᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְרִיטָה f.n. PBH [Verbal n. of סרט ᴵ; a secondary form of שְׂרִיטָה.]

סָרִיס m.n. 1 eunuch. 2 officer, courtier, chamberlain. [A loan word from Akka. sha rēshi (= he who is of the head, or he who is at the head; eunuch). Whence also OAram. סרסא, Aram.-Syr. סְרִיסָא, סָרִיסָא (= eunuch), whence Arab. sarīs (= eunuch), sarisa (= was impotent).] Derivatives: סרס, סְרִיסוּת, סְרִיסִי.

סְרִיסוּת f.n. MH state of being castrated, castration. [Formed from סָרִיס with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְרִיסִי adj. NH pertaining to a eunuch, eunuch-like. [Formed from סָרִיס with suff. ◌ִי.]

סָרִיק ᴵ adj. PBH 1 empty. 2 idler, vagabond. [From Aram. סְרִיק, from סֽרַק (= was empty). See סְרָק.]

סָרִיק ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH a flat cake. [Related to Arab. ṣarīq, ṣarīqa, Ethiop. ṣarikat (= a flat cake).]

סְרִיקָה f.n. PBH 1 combing. NH 2 combing of an area, searching. [Verbal n. of סָרַק. See סרק and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סרך to hold fast, hang to, adhere (a secondary form corresponding to Biblical Heb. שׂרך (q.v.).]
    — Niph. - נִסְרַךְ was dragged, adhered.
    — Hiph. - הִסְרִיךְ he caused to adhere, clutched, joined.
    — Hith. - הִסְתָּרֵךְ was joined, adhered. Derivatives: סֶרֶךְ ᴵ, סֶרֶךְ ᴵᴵ, סִרְכָה, סָרוּךְ, מַסְרֵךְ.

סֶֽרֶךְ ᴵ m.n. PBH dragging. [From סרך.]

סֶֽרֶךְ ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH custom, manner. [Related to Aram. סִרְכָא. See סִרְכָה.]

סִרְכָה f.n. MH 1 attachment. 2 attachment of the lobes of the lung. 3 synechia (disease). [From Aram. סִרְכָא (= adhesion, attachment; custom, habit), from סֽרַךְ (= he held fast, hung to, adhered). See סרך, שׂרך.]

סֶֽרֶן ᴵ m.n. axle, axis (a hapax legomenon in the Bible occurring Kin. I 7:30). [Related to Aram.-Syr. סַרְנָא (= axle, axis).]

סֶֽרֶן ᴵᴵ m.n. lord, prince. [Of uncertain origin; perhaps a dialectal of שַׂר.]

סֶרֶנָדָה f.n. FW serenade. [Fren. sérénade, from It. serenata, lit.: ‘calm sky’, from sereno (= serene, calm), from L. serēnus (= clear, fair, cloudless, serene) which is of uncertain origin. See ‘serene’ and ‘serenade’ in my CEDEL.]

סרס to castrate; to transpose; to distort.
    — Pi. - סֵרַס 1 he castrated; 2 he transposed; 3 he distorted.
    — Pu. - סֹרַס 1 was castrated; 2 was transposed; 3 was distorted.
    — Nith. - נִסְתָּרֵס PBH 1 was castrated; NH 2 was transposed; PBH 3 was distorted. [Denominated from סָרִיס.] Derivatives: סֵרוּס, הִסְתָּרְסוּת, מְסֹרָס.

סַרְסוּר m.n. PBH middleman, mediator, agent. [Prob. derived from Aram. סַרְסוּרָא, whence prob. also Arab. sursūr (of s.m.).] Derivatives: סרסר, סַרְסוּרְיָה, סַרְסָרוּת.

סַרְסוּרְיָה f.n. NH mediation fees. [Formed from סַרְסוּר with suff. ◌ִיָה.]

סרסר to mediate, go between.
    — Pi. - סִרְסֵר he mediated, went between. [Denominated from סַרְסוּר.]

סַרְסָרוּת f.n. PBH mediation. [Formed from סַרְסוּר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַרְעַף m.n. MH thought, idea. [A secondary form of Biblical Heb. שַׂרְעַף (q.v.).]

סַרְעַפָּה f.n. branch, bough (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 31:5). [Formed from סעף (= to lop off boughs) with inserted ר. cp. סְעַפָּה.] Derivative: סַרְעֶפֶת.

סַרְעֶֽפֶת f.n. NH diaphragm. [Formed from סַרְעַפָּה with suff. ◌ָת.]

סִרְפָּד m.n. nettle (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 55:13). [Of uncertain etymology.] Derivatives: סרפד, סִרְפֶּדֶת.

סרפד to urticate, to nettle.
    — Pi. - סִרְפֵּד he urticated, he nettled.
    — Pu. - סֻרְפַּד was urticated, was nettled. [Denominated from סִרְפָּד.]

סִרְפּוּד m.n. NH urtication. [Verbal n. of סִרְפֵּד, Pi. of סרפד.]

סִרְפֶּֽדֶת f.n. NH urticaria (disease), nettle rash. [Formed from סִרְפָּד with suff. ◌ֶת.] Derivative: סִרְפַּדְתִּי.

סִרְפַּדְתִּי adj. NH urticarial. [Formed from סִרְפֶּדֶת with adj. suff. ◌ִי.]

סרק ᴵ to comb; later equivalent of שׂרק ᴵ (q.v.).
    — Qal - סָרַק PBH 1 he combed, carded; NH 2 he combed, searched.
    — Niph. - נִסֽרַק PBH 1 was combed, was carded; NH 2 was combed, was searched.
    — Pi. - סֵרַק he combed, carded.
    — Pu. - סֹרַק was combed, was carded.
    — Hith. - הִסֽתָּרֵק he combed himself. Derivatives: סָרוֹק, סָרוּק ᴵ, סֵרוּק, סְרִיקָה, הִסְתָּרְקוּת, מַסֽרֵק, מְסֹרָק, מַסְרֵקָה, תִּסְרֹקֶת.

סרק ᴵᴵ to paint red.
    — Pi. - סֵרַק he painted red.
    — Niph. - נִסְרַק was painted red.
    — Hiph. - הִסֽרִיק he painted red. [Denominated from סָרָק.]

סָרָק m.n. PBH red dye. [A secondary form of שָׂרָק.] Derivative: סרק ᴵᴵ.

סְרָק m.n. PBH emptiness, barrenness. [Related to Aram.-Syr. סְרַק (= was empty), Akka. sarāqu (= to empty). Prob. a Saph‘el form of ריק (= to be empty). cp. Arab. saraqa (= he stole; properly ‘he emptied’).] Derivative: סָרִיק ᴵ.

סַרְקוֹמָה f.n. FW sarcoma. [Medical L. sarcōma, Gk. sarkoma (= fleshy substance), from sarx (= flesh). cp. the first element in סַרְקוֹפָג.]

סַרְקוֹפָג m.n. FW sarcophagus. [Gk. sarkophagos (n.) (= coffin), from sarkophagos (adj.) (= eating flesh), from sarx (= flesh) and phagein (= to eat), which derives from IE base bhag- (= to distribute, share out). In ancient Greece coffins were made of a kind of limestone that consumed the flesh of the body enclosed.]

סרר to be stubborn, be rebellious.
    — Qal - סָרַר was stubborn, was rebellious. [Akka. sarāru (= to be rebellious.] Derivative: סוֹרֵר.

סְתַגְּלָן adj. NH opportunist. [Formed from הִסְתַּגֵּל (= he adapted himself), Hith. of סגל ᴵ, with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: סְתַגְּלָנוּת, סְתַגּֽלָנִי.

סְתַגְּלָנוּת f.n. NH opportunism. [Formed from סְתַגְּלָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְתַגְּלָנִי adj. NH opportunistic. [Formed from סְתַגְּלָן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סְתַגְּפָן adj. NH ascetic, austere. [Formed from הִסְתַּגֵּף, Hith. of סגף, with suff. ◌ָן.]

סְתַגְּפָנוּת f.n. NH ascetism. [Formed from סֽתַגְּפָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְתַגְּרָן m.n. NH introvert. [Formed from הִסְתַּגֵּר (= he shut himself in), Hith. of סגר, with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: סְתַגְּרָנוּת, סְתַגְּרָנִי.

סְתַגְּרָנוּת f.n. NH introversion. [Formed from סְתַגְּרָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְתַגְּרָנִי adj. NH introvertive. [Formed from סְתַגְּרָן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סְתָו, סְתָיו m.n. 1 winter, rainy season (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 2:11). NH 2 autumn. [סֽתָו properly stands for שְׂתָו. It is related to Arab. shitā, Aram. שתוא, סִתְוָא, Syr. סַתְוָא (= winter), Akka. shātū (= to be watered).] Derivatives: סְתָוִי, סְתָוָנִי, סְתָוָנִית.

סְתָוִי adj. MH 1 wintry. NH 2 autumnal. [Formed from סֽתָו with suff. ◌ִי.]

סָתוּם adj. PBH 1 stopped up, closed. 2 indefinite, indistinct, vague. [Pass. part. of סָתַם. See סתם.] Derivative: סְתִימוּת.

סִתּוּם m.n. PBH 1 stopping up, closing. NH 2 vague, indefinite form. [Verbal n. of סִתֵּם, Pi. of סתם.]

סְתָוָנִי adj. PBH 1 wintry. NH 2 autumnal. [Formed from סְתָו with suff. ◌ָנִי. The punctuation סִתֽוָנִי is definitely wrong. A comparison with Arab. shitā shows that the Qamatz under the ת is a Qamatz perpetuum.] Derivative: סְתָוָנִית.

סְתָוָנִית f.n. NH Colchicum (a genus of plants). [From סְתָוָנִי. For the punctuation see סְתָוָנִי.]

סָתוּר adj. PBH 1 disheveled, unkempt. NH 2 demolished, destroyed. [Pass. part. of סָתַר. See סתר ᴵᴵ.]

סִתּוּת m.n. PBH stonecutting. [Verbal n. of סִתֵּת, Pi. of סתת.]

סְתִימָה f.n. PBH 1 stopping, closing. NH 2 filling (dental). [Verbal n. of סָתַם. See סתם and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְתִימוּת f.n. MH being stopped, being closed. [Formed from סָתוּם with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְתִירָה ᴵ f.n. NH 1 hiding. PBH 2 secret meeting (for sexual intercourse). [Verbal n. of סָתַר. See סתר ᴵ.]

סְתִירָה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH 1 demolition, destruction. MH 2 contradiction. NH 3 neutralization (chemistry). [Verbal n. of סָתַר. See סתר ᴵᴵ and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְתַכְּלָן m.n. NH inquisitive, prying. [Formed from הִסְתַּכֵּל (= he looked, observed), Hith. of סכל ᴵᴵ.]

סתם to stop up, close; to express oneself vaguely.
    — Qal - סָתַם 1 he stopped up, closed; PBH 2 he expressed himself vaguely.
    — Niph. - נִסְתַּם 1 was stopped up, was closed (in the Bible occurring only Neh. 4:1); PBH 2 was concealed with force.
    — Pi. - סִתֵּם he stopped up or closed (in the Bible occurring only Gen. 26:15 and 18).
    — Nith. - נִסְתַּתֵּם 1 was stopped up, was closed; 2 ceased. [Aram. סֽתַם (= he stopped up, closed), Syr. סֽטַם (= he closed, bound, restrained, stopped, closed), Arab. saṭama (= he closed the door). cp. Akka. shutummu (= storehouse). cp. also שׂתם, שׁתם, and the second element in שַׁסְתּוֹם.] Derivatives: סֶתֶם, סְתָם, סָתוּם, סִתּוּם, הִסְתַּתּֽמוּת, מַסֽתֵּם. cp. שַׁסְתּוֹם.

סֶֽתֶם m.n. NH stopper. [From סתם.]

סְתָם n. & adv. (pl. סֽתָמוֹת) 1 vague or indefinite expression; 2 an anonymous opinion; 3 in general. [From סתם, whence lit. meaning ‘something stopped up’, ‘something closed’, ‘something unknown’. cp. סֽתָמָא.] Derivative: סֽתָמִי.

סְתָ״ם abbreviation of מֽזוּזוֹת, תְּפִלִין, סְפָרִים (= Scrolls of the Law), phylacteries and ‘mezuzoth’).

סְתָמָא m.n. PBH vague or indefinite expression. [Aram., emphatic state of סְתָם (= Heb. סֽתָם).]

סְתָמִי adj. MH 1 vague, indefinite, uncertain. NH 2 neutral. [From סְתָם with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סֽתָמִיּוּת.

סְתָמִיּוּת f.n. MH vagueness, indefiniteness, uncertainty. [Formed from סְתָמִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְתַעֲרָן m.n. NH aggressive. [Formed from הִסְתָּעֵר, Hith. of סער (= to storm, rage), with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: סְתַעֲרָנוּת.

סְתַעֲרָנוּת adj. NH aggressiveness. [Formed from סְתַעֲרָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְתַפְּקָן m.n. NH one who is content with what he has. [Formed from הִסְתַּפֵּק, Hith. of ספק ᴵᴵ (= to be sufficient), with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: סְתַפְּקָנוּת.

סְתַפְּקָנוּת f.n. NH contentment with what one has. [Formed from סְתַפְּקָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סתר ᴵ to hide, conceal.
    — Niph. - נִסְתַּר he hid himself.
    — Pi. - סִתֵּר he hid carefully (in the Bible occurring only Is. 16:3 in the f. imper. סַתְּרִי).
    — Pu. - סֻתַּר was hidden carefully (in the Bible occurring only Pr. 27:5 in the f. part. מֽסֻתֶּרֶת).
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּתֵּר he hid himself carefully.
    — Hiph. - הִסְתִּיר he hid, concealed.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְתַּר was hidden, was concealed. [Aram. and BAram. מְסַתְּרָתָא (= the hidden things), סְתַר (= he hid, concealed), Syr. סְתַר (= he covered, sheltered), Ugar. str (= to hide, conceal), Arab. satara (= he veiled, hid, concealed), Ethiop. satara (= he hid, concealed). cp. Akka. shataru (= name of a garment).] Derivatives: סֵתֶר, סִתֽרָה, סֽתִירָה ᴵ, הַסְתָּרָה, הִסֽתַּתְּרוּת, מִסְתּוֹר, מִסְתָּר, מֻסְתָּר, מְסֻתָּר, נִסְתָּר, מִסְתּוֹרִין. cp. also first element in. סְתַרְשָׁף.

סתר ᴵᴵ to pull down, destroy; to refute, contradict.
    — Qal - סָתַר 1 he tore down, destroyed; 2 he disarranged, upset; 3 he refuted, contradicted; 4 he neutralized (chemistry).
    — Niph. - נִסְתַּר was torn down, was destroyed.
    — Pu. - סֻתַּר was torn down.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּתֵּר was destroyed, was undone. [BAram. סְתַר (= he destroyed), Syr. סְתַר (= he broke down, pulled down, destroyed). See שׂתר.] Derivatives: סָתוּר, סְתִירָה ᴵᴵ, מַסְתּוֹרִית.

סֵֽתֶר m.n. 1 covering, cover, hiding place. PBH 2 secret, secrecy. [From סתר ᴵ.]

סִתְרָה f.n. shelter, protection (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Deut. 35:38). [Formed from סתר ᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְתַרְשָׁף m.n. NH flash hider, flash eliminator. [Compounded of סתר ᴵ and רֶשֶׁף (= flame).]

סתת to cut stones, chisel.
    — Pi. - סִתֵּת he cut stones, chiseled.
    — Pu. - סֻתַּת was cut (said of a stone), was chiseled. [Perhaps related to Arab. shatta (= he scattered, dispersed).] Derivatives: סַתָּת, סִתּוּת, מְסַתֵּת, מְסֻתָּת.

סַתָּת m.n. PBH stonecutter. [From סתת.] Derivative: סַתָּתוּת.

סַתָּתוּת f.n. NH stonecutting. [From סַתָּת (= stonecutter) with suff. ◌וּת.]