סThe fifteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The name of the letter, ‘Samekh’, prob. derives from סמך and lit. means ‘support, fulcrum’; so called in allusion to its ancient Heb. form. In PBH it has the numerical value of sixty. When (as in most cases) it is an independent sibilant (beside שׂ and שׁ), its Arab. correspondence is s; cp. e.g. אָסַר and Arab. ’asara (= he bound, tied). Sometimes, however, it is secondary standing for orig. שׂ, in which case its Arab. equivalent is sh; cp. e.g. Heb. סְתָו and Arab. shitā’ (= winter). This change of שׂ to ס is quite frequent in NH and in Aram.; in Syriac the שׂ has been replaced entirely by ס. ס alternates also with ז (see the introductory article to letter ז). It often becomes צ, esp. in the vicinity of ח or emphatic sounds; cp. e.g. סחן ᴵ (= to be strong), with Arab. ḥaṣuna (= was strong); קסם (= to practice divination), with Syr. קְצַם (= he practiced divination); פֶּסַח (= Passover) with Syr. פֶּצְחָא (of s.m.); עקץ (= to sting, prick) with Syr. עַקֵּס (= it stung, it pricked). In some rare cases ס represents orig. שׁ; cp. סִרְיוֹן, a secondary form of שִׁרְיוֹן (= coat of arms, armor); Heb. כָּנַס, BAram., Aram. and Syr. כְּנַשׁ (= he gathered, collected).

סאב to make unclean, defile.
    — Pi. - סֵאֵב he made unclean, defiled.
    — Pu. - סֹאַב was made unclean, was defiled.
    — Hith. - הִסְתָּאֵב , Nith. נִסְתָּאֵב PBH 1 it (the animal) became unfit to be sacrificed because of a blemish; NH 2 he became defiled.
    — Hiph. - הִסְאִיב he made unclean, defiled. [Aram. סַאֵיב, Syr. סַיֵּב (= he defiled), Aram. אִסְתָּאַב, Syr. אִסְתַּיַּב (= became defiled), Arab. shāba (= he mixed, blended, adulterated, contaminated, polluted), shā’iba (= dirt, stain, spot, blemish, defect).] Derivatives: סַאַב, סֵאָבוֹן, סָאוּב, סֵאוּב, הִסְתַּאֲבוּת, מְסֹאָב.

סַֽאַב m.n. MH defilement, uncleanness, impurity. [From סאב.]

סֵאָבוֹן m.n. NH defilement, uncleanness, impurity. [Formed from סאב, with ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.]

סְאָה f.n. (pl. סְאִים, also סְאוֹת) ‘seah’ (a dry and liquid measure, one third of an ‘epha’). [Together with Aram. סָאתָא, Syr. סַאתָא, prob. borrowed from Akka. she’u, she’atu (= grain, a measure of grain), which itself is a loan word from Sumerian she. cp. סַאסְּאָה.]

סָאוּב adj. PBH defiled, dirty. [From סאב.]

סֵאוּב m.n. MH defilement, uncleanness, impurity. [Verbal n. of סֵאֵב, Pi. of סאב.]

סְאוֹן m.n. sandal, shoe (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 9:4). [Prob. a loan word from Akka. shēnu, whence the v. shēnu (= to put on sandals), whence prob. also Aram. סֵינָא, Syr. סֵאן (= sandal, shoe), Ethiop. sha’n (= sandal). cp. מְסָאנָא.] Derivative: סאן.

סָאוּנָה f.n. FW sauna. [Finnish, lit.: ‘bathroom’.]

סֵאוֹר m.n. PBH leaven; whence fig. ‘essence’. [cp. סוֹר, which is the more frequent var. of סֵאוֹר. A secondary form of שְׂאוֹר.]

סאן to wear sandals or shoes; to make a noise (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 9:4 in the form סוֹאֵן).
    — Qal - סָאַן 1 he wore sandals or shoes; PBH 2 he made a noise.
    — Hiph. - הִסְאִין he caused a noise.
    — Hith. - הִסְתָּאֵן he made a noise. [Prob. denominated from סֽאוֹן (= sandal, shoe).]

סָאסָא m.n. PBH bristle, beard of grain. [Aram.]

סַאסְּאָה full measure (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 27:8 and usually rendered by ‘full measure’). [Of uncertain origin; possibly formed through the reduplication of סְאָה, and hence lit. meaning ‘double seah’.]

סָב m.n. PBH 1 old man. NH 2 grandfather. [Aram. form of שָׂב. cp. Syr. and סָבָא and Mand. סאבא. cp. also סָבָה.] Derivative: סַבְיוֹן.

סֹב m.n. PBH (used mostly in the pl. סֻבִּים, or סֻבִּין) fine bran. [Of uncertain origin.]

סָבָא adj. & m.n. (pl. סָבִין) PBH 1 old, old man. NH 2 grandfather. [Aram., emphatic form of סָב. See סָב and cp. סַבָּא. cp. also סַבְתָּא.]

סַבָּא m.n. NH grandpapa (colloq.). [A blend of סָבָא (= grandfather), and אַבָּא (= father, papa).]

סבא to drink largely.
    — Qal - סָבָא he drank largely.
    — Niph. - נִסְבָּא was drunk. [Aram. סְבָא (= he drank wine), Akka. sabū (= sesame wine). Arab. sab’ (= wine), is prob. a loan word and saba’a (= he imported foreign wine) is denominated from sab.] Derivatives: סֹבֶא, סַבְאָנִי, סָבוּא, סוֹבֵא, סְבִיאָה, מִסֽבָּאָה.

סֹֽבֶא m.n. 1 drink, liquor. 2 drinking bout. [From סבא.]

סַבְאָנִי adj. NH very thirsty. [Formed from סבא with suff. ◌ָנִי.]

סבב to turn about, go round, surround.
    — Qal - סָבַב 1 he turned about; 2 he went round, brought round; 3 he walked round, marched round; 4 he surrounded, encompassed, encircled; 5 he sat at table; 6 he brought about, caused.
    — Niph. - נָסַב 1 he turned (intr.) turned round; 2 was turned over, was transported; 3 he surrounded, encompassed, encircled.
    — Pol. - סוֹבֵב 1 he walked round, went about; 2 he surrounded, encompassed, encircled.
    — Pi. - סִבֵּב 1 he turned, changed; PBH 2 he surrounded, encompassed, encircled; MH 3 he caused.
    — Po. - סוֹבַב , Pu. סֻבַּב PBH 1 was surrounded, was encompassed, was encircled; MH 2 was caused by; PBH 3 he reclined at meals.
    — Hithpol. - הִסְתּוֹבֵב he went about.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּבֵּב was brought about, was caused.
    — Hiph. - הֵסֵב 1 he turned, caused to turn; 2 he turned over, turned back; 3 he caused to go round; 4 he changed, altered; PBH 5 he reclined at meals; NH 6 he brought about, caused.
    — Hiph. - הִסְבִּיב he surrounded, encompassed, encircled.
    — Hoph. - הֻסַּב, הוּסַב 1 was surrounded, was encompassed, was encircled; NH 2 was turned; 3 was changed; NH 4 was transferred. [Ugar. sb (= to go round), Aram. סוֹבְבָא (= rim, border), Arab. sabab (= rope), sabīb (= lock of hair), Akka. shibbu (= girdle).] Derivatives: סֶבֶב, סַבֶּבֶת, סִבָּה, סֻבָּה, סִבּוּב, סָבִיב, סְבִיבוֹן, סְבִיבִי, הֶסֵּב, הֲסִבָּה, הִסְתּוֹבְבוּת, מוּסָב, מֵסַב ᴵ, מֵסַב ᴵᴵ, מַסְבֵּב, מְסִבָּה ᴵ, מְסִבָּה ᴵᴵ, מְסֻבָּב, מְסוֹבָב, נָסָב, נְסִבָּה, סַבְסָב, תְּסִבָּה. cp. the first element in סַבֹּרֶג.

סֶֽבֶב m.n. NH circle, circulating, recurring, rotation. [From סבב.]

סַבֶּֽבֶת f.n. pinion. [From סבב. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.]

סָבָה f.n. NH 1 an old woman. 2 grandmother. [f. of סָב.]

סִבָּה f.n. 1 a thing brought about (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Kin. I 12:15). PBH 2 transfer of property from tribe to tribe. MH 3 cause. [Formed from סִבֵּב (= he turned, he caused), Pi. of סבב; with first suff. ◌ָה.]

סֻבָּה f.n. NH circuit, traffic circuit. [Formed from סֻבַּב, Pu. of סבב, with first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָבוּא adj. drunk. [Pass. part. of סָבָא; see סבא.]

סִבּוּב m.n. PBH 1 turn, turning. NH 2 rotation (astronomy). [Verbal n. of סִבֵּב (= he turned), Pi. of סבב.] Derivative: סִבּוּבִי.

סִבּוּבִי adj. MH moving in circles, rotary, rotatory. [Formed from סִבּוּב with suff. ◌ִי.]

סָבוּךְ adj. entangled (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Nah. 1:10 in the pl.). [Pass. part. of סָבַךְ. See סבך.]

סִבּוּךְ m.n. MH 1 entanglement. 2 complication. [Verbal n. of סִבֵּךְ (= he entangled), Pi. of סבך.]

סָבוּל adj. MH carried. [Pass. part. of סָבַל. See סבל.]

סַבּוֹן m.n. FW soap. [Fren. savon, from L. sapōnem, accusative of sapō (= soap), which is of Teutonic origin. See ‘soap’ in my CEDEL.] Derivatives: סבן, סַבּוֹנַאי, סַבּוֹנִיָּה, סַבּוֹנִית.

סִבּוּן m.n. NH soaping, saponification. [Verbal n. of סִבֵּן. See סבן.]

סַבּוֹנַאי m.n. NH soapmaker. [Formed from סַבּוֹן with suff. ◌ַאי.]

סַבּוֹנִיָּה f.n. soapbox. [Formed from סַבּוֹן with suff. ◌ִיָּה.]

סַבּוֹנִית f.n. NH Vaccaria (a genus of plants). [Formed from סַבּוֹן with suff. ◌ִית.]

סָבוּר adj. PBH thinking, of opinion. [Pass. part. of סבר.]

סִבּוּר m.n. NH interpretation. [Verbal n. of סִבֵּר, Pi. of סבר.]

סָבוֹרָא m.n. PBH 1 reasoner, logician. 2 ‘Sabora’, one of the scholars of the Babylonian academies in the period immediately following that of the ‘Amoraim’. [Aram., from סְבַר (= he thought, was of the opinion). See סבר.]

סַבַּטְיוֹן see סַמְבַּטְיוֹן.

סְבִיאָה f.n. NH drunkenness. [Verbal n. of סָבָא. See סבא and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָבִיב adv. & prep. round about, surrounding. [From סבב.] Derivative: סְבִיבָה. cp. סְבִיבוֹל.

סְבִיבָה f.n. MH 1 moving in a circle, rotation. NH 2 neighborhood, environment. [From סָבִיב. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] Derivative: סְבִיבָתִי.

סְבִיבוֹל m.n. NH swivel. [A blend of סָבִיב and Eng. swivel.]

סְבִיבוֹן m.n. NH spinning top. [Coined from סבב (= to go round) and suff. ◌וֹן.]

סְבִיבָתִי adj. NH environmental. [Derived from סְבִיבָה with adj. suff. ◌ִי.]

סַבְיוֹן m.n. NH Senecio (a genus of plants). [From סָב (= old man); loan translation of the scientific name Seneciō, from L. seneciō (= groundsel), from senex (= old man).]

סָבִיךְ adj. NH easily entangled. [From סבך.] Derivative: סְבִיכוּת.

סְבִיכָה f.n. MH entanglement. [Verbal n. of סָבַךְ. See סבך and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְבִיכוּת f.n. NH entanglement. [Formed from סָבִיךְ with suff. ◌וּת.]

סָבִיל adj. NH passive. [From סבל.] Derivative: סְבִילוּת.

סְבִילָה f.n. PBH 1 carrying a burden. NH 2 suffering with patience. [Verbal n. of סָבַל. See סבל and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְבִילוּת f.n. NH passiveness, passivity. [Formed from סָבִיל with suff. ◌וּת.]

סֻבִּים, סֻבִּין see סֹב.

סָבִיר ᴵ adj. NH reasonable. [From סבר.] Derivative: סְבִירוּת.

סָבִיר ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH reasoner, logician. [Aram., from סְבַר (= he thought, was of opinion). See סבר.]

סְבִירוּת f.n. NH reasonability. [Formed from סָבִיר ᴵ with suff. ◌וּת.]

סבך to interweave, interlace.
    — Qal - סָבַךְ he interwove, interlaced (in the Bible occurring only in the pass. part.; see סָבוּךְ).
    — Niph. - נִסְבַּךְ was interwoven, was interlaced, was entangled.
    — Pi. - סִבֵּךְ 1 he grafted (said of plants); NH 2 he entangled, complicated.
    — Pu. - סֻבַּךְ was interwoven, was entangled (in the Bible occurring only Job 8:17 in the form יְסֻבָּכוּ).
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּבֵּךְ became entangled.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְבַּךְ became entangled. [A collateral form of שׂבך.] Derivatives: סֹבֶךְ ᴵ, סְבַךְ, סְבָכָה, סָבוּךְ, סִבּוּךְ, סָבִיךְ, סְבִיכָה, מַסְבֵּךְ, מִסְבָּךְ, מְסֻבָּךְ, תַּסְבִּיךְ, תִּסְבֹּכֶת.

סֹֽבֶךְ ᴵ m.n. thicket (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 4:7). [From סבך. According to some scholars the form of the abstract state is סְבֹךְ, whence the c. st. סֲבָךְ (Ps. 74:5).]

סֹֽבֶךְ ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH calf of the leg, sura (anatomy). [Prob. from סבך.]

סְבַךְ m.n. thicket. [From סבך.] Derivative: סִבְּכִי.

סַבָּךְ m.n. PBH netmaker. [Nomen opificis, formed from סְבָכָה according to the pattern פַּעָל.]

סְבָכָה f.n. PBH net, network. [From סבך; corresponding to Biblical Heb. שְׂבָכָה (q.v.).]

סִבְּכִי m.n. NH warbler. (Lit.: ‘(bird) of the thicket’. Coined by Mendele Mocher Sepharim (1863–1917) from סְבַךְ (= thicket), and suff. ◌ִי. cp. the scientific name of this bird, Sylvia, from L. silva (= forest).]

סבל to bear a load, carry a burden.
    — Qal - סָבַל 1 he bore a load, carried a burden; 2 he suffered, tolerated.
    — Niph. - נִסְבַּל 1 was carried; 2 was suffered, was tolerated.
    — Pu. - סֻבַּל was laden.
    — Hith. - הִסֽתַּבֵּל 1 it dragged itself along; NH 2 was laden. [Aram.-Syr. סְבַל (= he bore, carried), Akka. zabālu (= to bear, carry), whence zabbīlu (= basket). [From זְבִיל.] Derivatives: סַבָּל, סֵבֶל, סֹבֶל, סִבֽלָה, סִבְלוֹן, סַבְלָן, סָבוּל, סָבִיל, סְבִילָה, סוֹבְלָן, הִסְתַּבְּלוּת, סְבֹלֶת, תִּסְבֹּלֶת.

סַבָּל m.n. bearer of burden, porter. [Nomen opificis formed from סבל.] Derivative: סַבָּלוּת.

סֵֽבֶל m.n. (pl. סְבָלוֹת) 1 burden, load. MH 2 suffering, pain. [From סבל. cp. סִבְלָה.]

סֹֽבֶל m.n. burden, load. [From סבל.]

סִבְלָה f.n. MH load, burden, task. [Back formation from סִבְלוֹת, סִבְלוֹתָם (pl. of סֵבֶל), which were regarded as the pl. of סִבְלָה.]

סִבְלוֹן m.n. PBH (pl. סִבְלוֹנוֹת) load, burden. [Formed from סבל with suff. ◌וֹן. For the sense of סִבְלוֹנוֹת cp. מַשְׂאֵת (= gift, present), which derives from נשׂא (= to bear, carry).]

סַבָּלוּת f.n. NH porterage. [Formed from סַבָּל with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַבְלָן adj. MH patient, long-suffering. [Formed from סבל with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: סַבְלָנוּת, סַבְלָנִי.

סַבְלָנוּת f.n. MH patience. [Formed from סַבְלָן with suff. ◌וּת. cp. סוֹבְלָנוּת.]

סַבְלָנִי adj. NH patient. [Formed from סַבֽלָן with suff. ◌ִי. cp. סוֹבְלָנִי.]

סִבֹּֽלֶת ᴵ f.n. 1 testword used to distinguish the Gileadites from the Ephraimites, who could not pronounce the sound sh (see Jud. 12:6). NH 2 catchword. [Dialectical form of שִׁבֹּלֶת ᴵᴵ (q.v.).]

סִבֹּֽלֶת ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH 1 joint meal. NH 2 picnic. [Gk. symbolai (= contributions made to provide a common meal), pl. of symbole (= a coming together, meeting, joining), lit.: ‘something thrown together’, from symballein (= to throw together). See סִימְבּוֹלִי and cp. סִנְבּוֹל.]

סְבֹֽלֶת f.n. NH tolerance, endurance. [From סבל.]

סבן to soap.
    — Pi. - סִבֵּן he soaped.
    — Pu. - סֻבַּן was soaped.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּבֵּן he soaped himself. [Denominated from סַבּוֹן (= soap). Coined by Ithamar Ben-Avi (1882–1943).] Derivatives: סִבּוּן, מְסֻבָּן, מִסְבָּנָה.

סַבְסָב m.n. NH yaw (in navigation). [From סבב.]

סבסד to subsidize.
    — Pi. - סִבְּסֵד he subsidized.
    — Pu. - סֻבְּסַד was subsidized. [Hebraization, denominated from FW סוּבְּסִידְיָה (= subsidy).] Derivative: סִבְּסוּד.

סִבְּסוּד m.n. NH subsidization, subsidy. [Verbal n. of סִבְּסֵד, Pi. of סבסד.]

סבר to think, be of opinion.
    — Qal - סָבַר he thought, was of opinion, supposed.
    — Pi. - סִבֵּר MH 1 he thought, supposed; NH 2 he interpreted (esp. in music).
    — Pu. - סֻבַּר was interpreted (esp. in music).
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּבֵּר PBH 1 it was explained, was interpreted; NH 2 was acceptable, was reasonable.
    — Hiph. - הִסְבִּיר made clear, explained, interpreted.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְבַּר was made clear, was explained, was interpreted. [Aram. סְבַר (= he looked for, thought, was of opinion), Syr. סְבַר (= he thought, believed, supposed), Arab. sabara (= he probed or inspected a wound). See שׂבר.] Derivatives: סַבָּר, סֵבֶר, סְבָרָה, סַבְרָן, סָבוּר, סִבּוּר, סָבִיר, הֶסְבֵּר, הַסְבָּרָה, הִסְתַּבְּרוּת, תַּסְבִּיר. cp. סָבוֹרָא, סָבְרֵי.

סֵֽבֶר m.n. PBH 1 hope, trust. 2 countenance, appearance. [From סבר.]

סְבָרָא, סְבָרָה f.n. PBH 1 logical argument. MH 2 supposition, conjecture, opinion, view. [Aram. and Syr. סְבָרָא (= thought, opinion), from סְבַר. See סבר.] Derivatives: סִבְרוֹן, סְבָרָתִי.

סַבָּר m.n. PBH 1 reasoner, excellent scholar. NH 2 interpreter (music). [Formed from בסר according to the pattern פַּעָל.]

סַבֹּֽרֶג m.n. NH screwdriver. [Compounded of סבב (= to turn), and בֹּרֶג (= screw).]

סִבְרוֹן m.n. PBH hope. [From סֵבֶר. For the ending see ◌וֹן, suff. forming abstract nouns.]

סָבְרֵי intr. v. PBH with your permission. [Aram., lit.: ‘what do you think?’, ‘what is your opinion?’ Part. of סְבַר. See סבר.]

סְבָרִי see סְבָרָתִי.

סַבְרָן m.n. MH popularizer. [Formed from סבר with סבר with agential suff. ◌ָן.]

סְבָרָתִי adj. NH conjectural, hypothetical. [Formed from סְבָרָה with suff. ◌ִי.]

סָבְתָּא, סַבְתָּא PBH resp. NH f.n. (pl. סַבְתּוֹת) 1 grandmother. 2 old woman. [Aram., f. of סָבָא.]

סִבָּתִי adj. NH causal. [Formed from סִבָּה with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סִבָּתִיּוּת.

סִבָּתִיּוּת f.n. NH causation. [Formed from סִבָּתִי word with suff. ◌וּת.]

סֶֽגֶב m.n. MH strength. [A secondary form of שֶׂגֶב.] Derivative: סגב.

סגב to strengthen.
    — Pi. - סִגֵּב he strengthened.
    — Pu. - סֻגַּב was strengthened. [A secondary form of שׂגב.]

סגד to prostrate oneself.
    — Qal - סָגַד he prostrated himself in worship (in the Bible occurring only Is. 44:15, 17, 19 and 46:6). [Prob. a loan word from Aram. סְגֵד (= he prostrated himself in worship). cp. Arab. sajada (= he was submissive), whence Ethiop. sagada (of s.m.). cp. מִסְגָּד.] Derivative: סְגִידָה.

סָגָה f.n. FW saga. [Old Norse, ‘a saying, story’, related to Old Eng. sagu (= a saying).]

סָגוֹ m.n. FW sago. [Ultimately from Malayan sāgū.]

סִגּוּב m.n. MH strength, greatness. [Verbal n. of סִגֵּב. See סגב and cp. שִׂגּוּב.]

סֶגּוֹל, סְגוֹל f.n. MH ‘segol’ 1 Heb. and Aram. vowel pronounced e; its form is ◌ֶ. 2 name of a disjunctive accent placed over the word; its form is ◌֒. [From Aram. and Syr. סְגוֹלָא (= cluster of grapes); so called from its shape. cp. סגל ᴵᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: סָגוּל, סֶגּוּלִי.

סָגוּל adj. MH voweled with ‘segol’. [From סֶגּוֹל.]

סִגּוּל m.n. NH adaptation. [Verbal n. of סִגֵּל, Pi. of סגל ᴵ.]

סֶגּוֹלִי adj. NH voweled with ‘segol’ segolate. [Formed from סֶגּוֹל with suff. ◌ִי.]

סָגוֹס m.n. PBH coarse, woolen blanket. [Gk. sagos, from L. sagus, a secondary form of sagum, a word of Gaulish origin; prob. related to Lithuanian sagis (= traveling dress of Lithuanian women). cp. ‘sagum’ in my CEDEL. cp. סָגִין.]

סָגוּף adj. PBH afflicted. [From סגף.]

סִגּוּף m.n. PBH affliction, self-mortification. [Verbal n. of סִגֵּף. Pi. of סגף.]

סָגוּר adj. 1 closed, locked. 2 pure (from זָהָב סָגוּר, ‘pure gold’, Kin. I 6:20 and elsewhere, perhaps formed after Akka. hurāṣu sakru, ‘pure gold’. [Pass. part. of סָגַר. See סגר.]

סְגוֹר ᴵ m.n. enclosure, encasement (occurring Hos. 13:8 in the phrase סְגוֹר לִבָּם, ‘the encasement of their heart’). [From סגר.]

סְגוֹר ᴵᴵ m.n. fine gold. [See זָהָב סָגוֹר s.v. סָגוּר.]

סַגִּי PBH 1 numerous. 2 enough. [Aram., related to Heb. שַׂגִּיא (= great, exalted).]

סַגִּיא adj. MH numerous. [Another spelling of סַגִּי.]

סַגִּיב adj. strong, mighty. [A secondary form of שַׂגִּיב.]

סְגִידָה f.n. MH 1 bowing in worship. NH 2 adoration, admiration. [Verbal n. of סגד. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סֻגְיָה see סוּגְיָה.

סָגִיל adj. NH adaptable. [Coined from סגל ᴵ (= to adapt), according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.] Derivative: סְגִילוּת.

סְגִילוּת m.n. NH adaptability. [Formed from סָגִיל with suff. ◌וּת.]

סָגִין m.n. NH military tunic. [Alteration of סָגוֹס.]

סְגִיר m.n. NH shackle. [From סגר.]

סְגִירָה f.n. PBH closing, shutting. [Verbal n. of סָגַר. See סגר and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סגל ᴵ to acquire, save, lay by, treasure; to adapt.
    — Pi. - סִגֵּל PBH 1 he acquired, laid by, saved, treasured. MH 2 he adapted, fitted, conformed.
    — Pu. - סֻגַּל PBH 1 he belonged; NH 2 was adapted, was fitted, was conformed.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּגֵּל he adapted himself, conformed himself.
    — Hiph. - הִסְגִיל MH 1 he appropriated, singled out; NH 2 he adapted, fitted, conformed.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְגַּל MH 1 was appropriated, was singled out; NH 2 was adapted, was fitted, was conformed. [Denominated from סְגֻלָּה.] Derivatives: סִגּוּל, סְתַגְּלָן, מְסֻגָּל. cp. סְגַלְגַּל.

סגל ᴵᴵ to become violet.
    — Hiph. - הִסְגִּיל became violet. [Denominated from סָגֹל.] Derivative: הַסְגָּלָה.

סֶֽגֶל ᴵ m.n. MH treasure. [Back formation from סְגֻלָּה.]

סֶֽגֶל ᴵᴵ m.n. NH corps, cadre. [Borrowed from the phrase סֶגֶל־חֲבוּרָה (= a treasured, chosen group).]

סֶֽגֶל ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. NH violet. [From Aram. סִיגְלָא, which is prob. related to Aram. סְגוֹלָא (= cluster of grapes). cp. סֶגּוֹל.] Derivatives: סָגֹל, סִגָּלִית.

סָגֹל adj. NH violet (-colored). [From סֶגֶל ᴵᴵᴵ.] Derivative: סגל ᴵᴵ.

סְגַלְגַּל adj. PBH round, oval. [Prob. formed from סגל through reduplication of the second and third radical. For the form cp. עֲגַלְגַּל (= round, oval), which derives from base עגל.] Derivative: סְגַלְגַּלּוּת.

סְגַלְגַּלּוּת f.n. NH roundness, ovalness. [Formed from סְגַלְגַּל with suff. ◌וּת.]

סְגֻלָּה f.n. 1 possession, property. 2 treasure. MH 3 virtue, quality. MH 4 remedy. [Related to Aram. סְגֻלְתָּא (= property), Akka. sugullu (= herd of cattle).] Derivatives: סֶגֶל ᴵ, סְגֻלִּי.

סְגֻלִּי adj. MH 1 choice, best. NH 2 peculiar, specific. Derivative: סְגֻלִּיּוּת.

סְגֻלִּיּוּת f.n. NH specificness, specificity. [Formed from סְגֻלִּי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִגָּלִית f.n. NH violet (flower). [A secondary form of סֶגֶל ᴵᴵᴵ.]

סְגָן 1 prefect, ruler. PBH 2 viceroy, deputy; specifically deputy to the High Priest. [A loan word from Akka. shaknu (= governor of a province), from shakānu (= to lay, set, appoint). See שׁכן and cp. סוֹכֵן.] Derivatives: סֶגֶן, סְגָנוּת.

סֶֽגֶן m.n. NH ‘segen’ — an officer in the Israeli army, corresponding to the rank of lieutenant. [From סְגָן.]

סִגְנוֹן m.n. PBH PBH 1 sign, ensign, banner. PBH 2 style. NH 3 form, way. [From Gk. signon, L. signum (= mark, token, sign), which is prob. related to secāre (= to cut). See ‘section’ in my CEDEL and cp. קוֹנְסִיגְנַצְיָה.] Derivatives: סגנן, סִגְנוֹנִי.

סִגְנוּן m.n. NH styling. [Verbal n. of סִגְנֵן. See סגנן.]

סִגְנוֹנִי adj. NH stylish, stylistic. [Formed from סִגְנוֹן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סַגְנוּת f.n. NH deputyship. [Formed from סְגָן with suff. ◌וּת. The form סְגָנוּת given by some other lexicographers is incorrect. The noun סְגָן, from which the noun סגנות was formed, derives from Akka. shaknu, therefore it must be punctuated סַגְנוּת.]

סִגְנִיָּה f.n. PBH basket. [Of uncertain origin.]

סגנן to style, formulate.
    — Pi. - סִגְנֵן he styled, formulated.
    — Pu. - סֻגְנַן was styled, was formulated. [Back formation from סִגְנוֹן.] Derivatives: סִגְנוּן, מְסַגְנֵן, מְסֻגְנָן.

סגסג to alloy.
    — Pilp. - סִגְסֵג he alloyed.
    — Pulp. - סֻגְסַג was alloyed. [Formed from סִיג (= dross), through reduplication.] Derivatives: סִגְסוּג, סַגְסֹגֶת, מְסֻגְסָג.

סַגְסֹֽגֶת f.n. NH alloy. [From סגסג. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.]

סִגְסוּג m.n. MH alloying. [Verbal n. of סִגְסֵג. See סגסג.]

סגף to afflict, mortify.
    — Pi. - סִגֵּף he afflicted, mortified.
    — Pu. - סֻגַּף was afflicted, was mortified.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּגֵּף he afflicted himself, mortified himself. [Prob. related to סכף. Some scholars connect this base with Akka. sakāpu (= to overthrow); see שׂכב. According to others סגף is Sif‘el of נגף.] Derivatives: סַגְּפָן, סִגּוּף, הִסְתַּגְּפוּת, מְסֻגָּף.

סַגְּפָן m.n. NH ascetic. [Formed from סִגֵּף, Pi. of סגף, with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivatives: סַגְּפָנוּת, סַגְּפָנִי.

סַגְּפָנוּת f.n. NH asceticism. [Formed from סַגְּפָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַגְּפָנִי adj. NH ascetical. [Formed from סַגְפָן with suff. ◌ִי.]

סגר to shut, close.
    — Qal - סָגַר he shut, closed.
    — Niph. - נִסְגַּר was shut, was closed.
    — Pi. - סִגֵּר he delivered up, surrendered.
    — Pu. - סֻגַּר 1 was shut up, was closed; MH 2 was delivered up.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּגֵּר 1 he shut himself in; 2 was locked up, was closed.
    — Hiph. - הִסְגִּיר 1 he shut up; 2 he delivered, surrendered.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְגַּר 1 was shut up; 2 was delivered, was surrendered. [Phoen. סגר (= to deliver over, abandon), Ugar. sgr (= to shut, close), Aram.-Syr. סְגַר (= he shut up, confined, secluded), Akka. sakāru (= to close), shigaru (= door lock; cage). Related to סכר ᴵ.] Derivatives: סֶגֶר, סָגוּר, סְגוֹר ᴵ, סְגִיר, סְגִירָה, סוֹגֵר, סוּגַר, סְתַגְּרָן, מַסְגֵּר, מִסְגָּר, מֻסְגָּר, מְסֻגָר, מִסְגֶּרֶת.

סֶֽגֶר m.n. PBH 1 tongue of a lock. NH 2 bolt, lock. NH 3 occlusion (odontology). NH 4 closure (military). [From סגר.]

סִגָּרוֹן m.n. PBH arm bearer. [Prob. traceable to Gk. sagaris (= weapon), a foreign word of uncertain etymology. It is possibly related to L. sagitta (= arrow). See ‘Sagitta’ in my CEDEL.]

סַגְרִיר m.n. persistent rain (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Pr. 27:15 in the phrase יוֹם סַגְרִיר, ‘a day of persistent rain’, ‘a rainy day’). [Related to Syr. סַגְרָא (= heavy rain).] Derivative: סַגְרִירִי.

סַגְרִירִי adj. NH rainy and cold. [Formed from סַגְרִיר with suff. ◌ִי.]

סַד m.n. stocks for torturing (in the Bible occurring only Job 13:7 and 33:11). [Related to Aram.-Syr. סַדָּא (= stocks).]

סְדוֹם m.n. Sodom — name of a city whose inhabitants were ‘wicked and sinners’ (Gen. 13:13). Derivative: סְדוֹמִי.

סְדוֹמִי adj. PBH 1 Sodomite. PBH 2 Sodomitic. NH 3 homosexual. [Formed from סְדוֹם with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סְדוֹמִיּוּת.

סְדוֹמִיּוּת f.n. NH 1 cruelty. 2 homosexuality. [Formed from סְדוֹמִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סָדוּק adj. PBH cracked, cleft. [Pass. part. of סָדַק. See סדק.]

סִדּוּק m.n. PBH cracking, cleaving. [Verbal n. of סִדֵּק, Pi. of סדק.]

סָדוּר adj. PBH arranged, put in order. [Pass. part. of סָדַר. See סדר.]

סִדּוּר m.n. PBH 1 arrangement, putting in order. MH 2 prayer book. NH 3 typesetting. [Verbal n. of סִדֵּר, Pi. of סדר.] Derivative: סִדּוּרִי.

סָדוֹר m.n. NH (pl. סָדוֹרוֹת) work bench. [From סדר.]

סִדּוּרִי adj. NH well-arranged, well-ordered. [Formed from סִדּוּר with suff. ◌ִי.]

סָדִיזְם m.n. FW sadism. [Fren. sadisme, coined from the name of Marquis de Sade (1740–1814), who first described this perversion in his novels. For the ending see suff. ◌ִיזְם.]

סָדִין m.n. 1 linen wrapper. PBH 2 bed sheet. [Together with Aram. סְדִינָא, prob. borrowed from Akka. saddinu (= linen undergarment), which itself is a Sumerian loan word.]

סָדִיסְט m.n. FW sadist. [Fren. sadiste. See סָדִיזְם and suff. ◌ִיסְט.]

סָדִיק adj. PBH 1 cracked, cleft. NH 2 crackable, fissile. [From סדק; in sense 2 formed according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.]

סְדִיקָה f.n. MH cracking, splitting. [Verbal n. of סָדַק. See סדק and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סָדִיר adj. PBH regular. [From סדר.] Derivative: סְדִירוּת.

סְדִירָה f.n. MH arrangement. [Verbal n. of סָדַר. See סדר and first suff. ◌ָה.]

סְדִירוּת f.n. NH regularity. [Formed from סָדִיר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַדָּן m.n. PBH 1 block. PBH 2 anvil. PBH 3 tree trunk. NH 4 axle. [Related to Aram.-Syr. סַדָּנָא (= block, anvil), Arab. sandān (= anvil). cp. סַדָּנָא.] Derivative: סַדְנָה.]

סַדָּנָא m.n. PBH block, anvil. [Aram. See סַדָּן.]

סַדְנָה f.n. NH (pl. סַדְנָאוֹת or סַדֽנוֹת) workshop. [From סַדָּן. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סדק to crack, cleave, split.
    — Qal - סָדַק he cracked, cleaved, split.
    — Niph. - נִסְדַּק was cracked, was cleaved, was split.
    — Pi. - סִדֵּק he cracked, cleaved, tore apart.
    — Pu. - סֻדַּק was cracked, was cleaved, was torn apart.
    — Nith. - נִסְתַּדֵּק (of s.m.).
    — Hiph. - הִסְדִּיק he cracked, cleaved.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְדַּק was cracked, was cleaved. [Aram.-Syr. סְדַק (= he tore asunder, divided, rived, split), Ethiop. shaṭaqa (= he cleaved, split).] Derivatives: סֶדֶק, סָדוּק, סִדּוּק, סָדִיק, סְדִיקָה. cp. סִדְקִי.

סֶֽדֶק m.n. PBH crack, cleft, split. [From סדק.]

סִדְקִי m.n. PBH small dealer, retailer. [Of uncertain origin; possibly derived from base סדק.]

סִדְקִית f.n. PBH small ware, tinsel. [From סִדְקִי.]

סדר to arrange, put in order.
    Akka. - סדר stands for שׂדר. They refer to the derivative שְׂדֵרָה (= row, rank), and to Arab. tashadhdhara (= he prepared himself for battle). However, the Akka. correspondences show that the orig. form of the base is סדר.]
    — Qal - סָדַר 1 he arranged, put in order; 2 he presented.
    — Niph. - נִסְדַּר was arranged, was put in order.
    — Pi. - סִדֵּר PBH 1 he arranged, put in order; NH 2 he set up type (in printing).
    — Pu. - סֻדַּר PBH 1 was arranged, was put in order; NH 2 was set up (said of type).
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּדֵּר PBH 1 was settled; NH 2 was arranged, was put in order; NH 3 he settled down.
    — Hiph. - הִסְדִּיר he arranged, put in order, regulated.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְדַּר was arranged, was put in order, was regulated. [Aram.-Syr. סְדַר (= he arranged, put in order), Derivatives: סֵדֶר, סַדָּר, סְדָר, סָדוּר, סָדוֹר, סִדּוּר, סָדִיר, סְדִירָה, סוֹדֵר, סוֹדְרָן ᴵ, סוֹדְרָן ᴵᴵ, הֶסְדֵּר, הַסְדָּרָה, הִסְתַּדְּרוּת, מִסְדָּר, מְסַדֵּר, מְסֻדָּר, מִסְדָּרָה, מִסְדְּרוֹן, מַסְדֶּרֶת, תַּסְדִּיר.

סֵֽדֶר m.n. 1 order, arrangement (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 10:22 in the pl.). PBH 2 succession, sequence. PBH 3 name of each section of the Mishnah. MH 4 ‘Seder’ — name of the home service of the first night (in Israel), resp. the two first nights (outside Israel) of Passover, contained in the Haggadah. [From סדר. cp. Aram. סִדְרָא, Syr. סֶדְרָא (= arrangement, order, row), Akka. sidru, sidirtu (= row, battle line), and see סִדְרָה, סִדּוּר. In sense 4 סֵדֶר occurs for the first time in סֵפֶר הָאוֹרָה, a work attributed to Rashi (1040–1105).]

סַדָּר m.n. NH typesetter. [Nomen opificis formed from סדר according to the pattern פַּעָל.] Derivative: סַדָּרוּת.

סְדָר m.n. NH set up type, composition. [From סדר.]

סִדְרָה f.n. MH 1 weekly portion (of the Pentateuch). NH 2 series. [After Aram. סִדְרָא (= row, order; section, portion — of the Pentateuch), from סְדַר. See סדר.]

סַדָּרוּת f.n. NH typesetting. [Formed from סַדָּר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סִדְרִיָּה f.n. NH jujube (tree). [From Arab. sidr, sidra.]

סַדְּרָן m.n. PBH 1 a systematic scholar. NH 2 one who likes order, an orderly person. NH 3 attendant in a theater, usher. [Formed from סדר with agential suff. ◌ָן.] Derivative: סַדְּרָנוּת.

סַדְּרָנוּת f.n. NH orderliness. [Formed from סַדְּרָן with suff. ◌וּת.]

סהד to bear witness, testify.
    — Pi. - סִהֵד he bore witness, testified.
    — Hiph. - הִסְהִיד (of s.m.). [Aram.-Syr. סְהֵד (= he bore witness, testified), BAram. שָׂהֲדוּתָא (= testimony), Arab. shahida (= he bore witness, testified). cp. שָׂהֵד.]

סָהֵד m.n. MH witness. [From סהד. See שָׂהֵד.]

סָהוּר adj. NH moonlit. [From סַהַר ᴵ.]

סהר base of סַהַר ᴵ and סֹהַר. [Probrelated to שַׂהֲרוֹן (= little moon) and lit. meaning ‘to be round like the moon’, ‘to be round’.]

סַֽהַר ᴵ m.n. moon (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 7:3 in the phrase אַגַּן־הַסַּהַר, which is usually rendered by ‘the round bowl of the moon’, ‘full moon’). [From סהר. cp. סַהַר ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: סָהוּר.

סַֽהַר ᴵᴵ m.n. PBH enclosure for cattle. [Prob. related to סַהַר ᴵ and lit. meaning ‘a round enclosure’. For a similar sense development see סֹהַר.]

סְֹהַר m.n. prison. [Prob. lit. meaning ‘a round enclosure’ and related to סַהַר ᴵ. cp. סַהַר ᴵᴵ.] Derivative: סוֹהֵר.

סַהֲרוֹן m.n. PBH moon-shaped ornament. [A secondary form of שַׂהֲרוֹן.]

סַהֲרוּרִי adj. NH lunatic, somnambulist. [Formed from סַהַר ᴵ through reduplication of the third letter. Derivative: סַהֲרוּרִיּוּת.

סַהֲרוּרִיּוּת f.n. NH lunatism, somnambulism. [Formed from סַהֲרוּרִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סַוַּאי m.n. NH camouflager. [From סוה.]

סוֹאֵן adj. noisy. [Part. of סָאַן; see סאן.]

סְוָאר, סְוָר m.n. PBH heap, pile of wood. [Prob. formed from צבר (= to heap), with change of צ to ס and ב to ו.] Derivatives: סַוָּר, סור ᴵᴵ.

סוּבּ◌ FW pref. of Latin origin meaning (= under). [L. sub-, from sub, sup (= under, below, beneath), which derive from IE base upo- (= from below), whence arose the meanings ‘turning upward’, ‘upward’; ‘up’, ‘over’, ‘beyond’. See ‘sub-’ and ‘up’ in my CEDEL. cp. הִפּוֹ◌. cp. also first element in סַפֽסָל.]

סוֹבֵא m.n. drunkard. [Act. part. of סָבָא. See סבא.]

סוֹבֵב m.n. PBH 1 ring, hoop. 2 parapet. [Subst. use of the part. of סָבַב (= to surround). See סבב.]

סוּבְּיֶקְט m.n. FW subject. [L. subjectus, p. part. of subicere, less correctly subjicere (= to subject, include, comprise), lit.: ‘to throw under’, from sub- (see סוּבּ◌) and jacere, p. part. jactus (= to throw), which is related to jacēre (= to lie), orig. ‘to cast oneself down’, and cogn. with Gk. iyenai (= to send, throw), Hitt. ijami (= I make). cp. סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִי. cp. also אוֹבְּיֶקְט, פְּרוֹיֶקְט, קָתֶטָר.]

סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִי adj. FW subjective. [Formed with suff. ◌ִי from Late L. subjectīvus (= of the subject, subjective), from L. subjectum (= grammatical subject), neuter of subjectus, p. part. of subicere. See סוּבְּיֶקְט. For the ending - īvus see suff. ‘-ive’ in my CEDEL.] Derivative: סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִיּוּת.

סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִיּוּת f.n. FW subjectivity. [Formed from סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִיזְם m.n. FW subjectivism. [Formed from Late L. subjectīvus (see סוּבְּיֶקְטִיבִי) with suff. ◌ִיזְם.]

סוֹבֵל adj. NH suffering. [Pass. part. of סָבַל. See סבל.]

סוּבְּלִימַצְיָה f.n. FW sublimation. [Med. L. sublīmātiō, from L. sublīmātus, p. part. of sublīmāre (= to lift up), from sublīmis (= high, lofty, exalted), back formation from sublīmen, hence lit. meaning ‘coming up to below the lintel’, from sub (see סוּבּ◌) and līmen (= threshold, lintel), which is prob. related to līmes (= boundary, limit). See ‘limit’ and suff. ‘-men’ in my CEDEL.]

סוֹבְלָנוּת f.n. NH tolerance. [Formed from סוֹבֵל, act. part. of סבל (= to bear, carry; to suffer, tolerate), on the analogy of סַבְלָנוּת.]

סוֹבְלָנִי adj. NH tolerant. [Formed from סוֹבְלָנוּת, on the analogy of סַבְלָנוּת.]

סוּבְּסִידְיָה f.n. FW subsidy. [L. subsidium (= support, help; auxiliary troops, reserve), from subsīdere (= to settle down; to stay, remain), from sub- (see סּוּבְּ◌) and sīdere (= to sit down, settle), which is related to sedēre (= to sit). See ‘sedentary’ in my CEDEL and cp. ‘subside’ ibid.] Derivative: סבסד.

סוּבֶרֶנִי adj. FW sovereign. [Fren. souverain, from souverain, sovrain, from Med. L. superānus (= chief, principal; whence also Sp. soberano, It. soprano), from L. super (= over, above, on the top of, beyond). See סוּפֶּר and cp. סוֹפְּרָנוֹ. For the ending of סוּבֶרֶנִי see suff. ◌ִי.]

סוג ᴵ to move away, backslide.
    — Qal - סָג he moved away, backslided.
    — Niph. - נָסוֹג 1 he turned himself away, turned back; 2 he was turned back.
    — Hiph. - הִסִּיג he moved back (a boundary mark).
    — Hoph. - הֻסַּג was moved back. [Arab. sāja (= he went and came), saujān (= going and coming). cp. שׂוּג.] Derivatives: סִיג, סִיגָה, הַסָּגָה, מַסִּיג, תְּסוּגָה. cp. שׂוּג, שִׂיג.

סוג ᴵᴵ to fence about.
    — Qal - סָג he fenced about (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 7:3 in the f. pass. part. סוּגָה, ‘fenced about’).
    — Pi. - סִיֵּג he fenced about.
    — Pu. - סֻיַּג was fenced about.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּיֵג he fenced himself about, dissociated himself, had reservation. [Aram. סוּג (= to fence about), Syr. סָג (= he fenced about), Aram.-Syr. סְיָגָא (= fence). Arab. siyāj (= enclosure made with thorns) is perhaps an Aram. loan word.] Derivatives: סוּג ᴵᴵ, סוּג ᴵᴵᴵ, סוּגָה ᴵ, סְיָג, סִיּוּג, הִסְתַּיְּגוּת, מְסֻיָּג ᴵ. cp. סוּג ᴵⱽ.

סוג ᴵᴵᴵ to classify.
    — Pi. - סִוֵּג he classified.
    — Pu. - סֻוַּג was classified. [Denominated from סוּג ᴵᴵᴵ.] Derivatives: סִוּוּג, מְסֻוָּג, מְסֻיָּג ᴵᴵ.

סוּג ᴵ adj. moving back, turning aside. [Pass. part. of סָג; see סוג ᴵ.]

סוּג ᴵᴵ adj. 1 fenced. NH 2 (fig.) comfortable. [Pass. part. of סָג; see סוג ᴵᴵ.]

סוּג ᴵᴵᴵ m.n. MH class, type, category. [Denominated from סוג ᴵᴵ (= to fence). For sense development cp. the related סְיָג (= fence; restriction), and L. defīnīre (= to set limits, to determine, define).] Derivatives: סוּגָה ᴵᴵᴵ, סוּגִי.

סוּג ᴵⱽ m.n. PBH a large basket. [Prob. derived from סוג ᴵᴵ (= to fence about), and lit. meaning ‘that which encloses’.]

סוּגָה ᴵ f.n. PBH fence, enclosure. [Formed from סוג ᴵᴵ with first suff. ◌ָה.]

סוּגָה ᴵᴵ f.n. PBH name of a hitherto unidentified bird. [Of uncertain origin.]

סוּגָה ᴵᴵᴵ f.n. NH genre. [Formed from סוּג ᴵᴵᴵ.]

סוּגִי adj. MH belonging to a class. [Formed from סוּג ᴵᴵᴵ with suff. ◌ִי.]

סוּגְיָה, סֻגְיָה f.n. MH subject for study. [Aram. סוּגְיָא (= lit.: ‘walking, going’), from אַסְגִּי (= he walked, went). For sense development cp. הֲלָכָה (= law, rule, ‘Halachah’), which derives from הלך (= to go).]

סוּגֶסְטִיבִי adj. FW suggestive. [From L. suggestus, p. part. of suggerere. See סוּגֶסְטְיָה and suff. ‘-ive’ in my CEDEL. For the ending of סוּגֶסְטִיבִי see suff. ◌ִי.]

סוּגֶסְטְיָה f.n. FW suggestion. [Fren. suggestion, from L. suggestiō, from suggestus, p. part. of suggerere (= to lay beneath; to furnish, supply), from sub- (see סוּבּ◌) and gerere (= to bear, carry, produce, show, manifest, manage, rule, govern, accomplish, perform, do), which is of uncertain origin.]

סוּגַר m.n. 1 cage, prison (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 19:9). PBH 2 muzzle. [Perhaps a loan word from Akka. shigaru (= cage). See סגר.]

סוֹגֵר m.n. MH 1 second line of a verse, second hemistich (Med. prosody). NH 2 bracket. [Subst. use of the act. part. of סָגַר. See סגר.]

סוֹגְרַֽיִם m.n. dual brackets, parentheses. [Dual of סוֹגֵר.]

סוד ᴵ to plaster, whitewash.
    — Qal - סָד he plastered, whitewashed.
    — Pi. - סִיֵּד he plastered, whitewashed.
    — Pu. - סֻיַּד was plastered, was whitewashed.
    — Hith. - הִסֽתַּיֵּד he suffered from sclerosis. [Denominated from סִיד (= lime; whitewash); corresponding to Biblical Heb. שׂיד (q.v.).] Derivatives: סוּד, סַיָּד, סִיּוּד, מְסֻיָּד.

סוד ᴵᴵ to consult in whispers.
    — Hith. - הִסְתּוֹדֵד he consulted in whispers.
    — Hith. - הִסֽתַּיֵּד (of s.m.). [Denominated from סוֹד.] Derivative: הִסֽתּוֹדְדוּת.

סוֹד m.n. (pl. סוֹדוֹת) 1 counsel. 2 secret counsel. 3 council, assembly. PBH 4 secret. [Related to Syr. סְוָדָא, סוּוָדָא (= friendly, confidential speech), Arab. sāwada (= he spoke in secret).] Derivatives: סוד ᴵᴵ, סוֹדִי.

סוּד adj. PBH whitewashed. [Pass. part. of סָד. See סוד ᴵ.]

סוֹדָה f.n. FW soda. [Med. L. soda, from sodanum, lit.: ‘headache remedy’, from soda (= headache), from Arab. ṣudā, in vulgar pronunciation ṣodā (= splitting headache), from ṣaḍa‘a (= he split).]

סוֹדִי adj. MH secret. [Formed from סוֹד with suff. ◌ִי.]

סוֹדִיּוּת f.n. NH secrecy, privacy. [Formed from סוֹדִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוֹדֵר adj. NH 1 arranging. 2 ordinal (number). [Act. part. of סָדַר. See סדר.]

סוּדָר m.n. PBH 1 scarf, shawl. NH 2 sweater. [Back formation from supposed pl. סוּדָרִין, a word borrowed from Gk. soudariom, from L. sūdārium (= handkerchief), lit.: ‘cloth for wiping off perspiration’, from sūdor (= sweat, perspiration). L. sūdor derives from IE base sweid-, swoid-, swid- (= to sweat). See ‘sweat’ in my CEDEL and cp. ‘sudarium’ ibid.]

סוֹדְרָן ᴵ m.n. PBH methodical scholar. [Formed from סוֹדֵר, act. part. of סָדַר (see סדר), with agential suff. ◌ָן. cp. סוֹדְרָן ᴵᴵ.]

סוֹדְרָן ᴵᴵ m.n. NH index file. [Of the same origin as סוֹדְרָן ᴵ.]

סוה to camouflage, to hide, to conceal.
    — Hiph. - הִסְוָּה 1 he camouflaged; 2 he hid, concealed.
    — Hoph. - הֻסְוָה 1 was camouflaged; 2 was hidden, was concealed.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּוָּה 1 he camouflaged himself; 2 was camouflaged. [Denominated from מַסְוֶה.] Derivatives: סַוַּאי, הַסְוָאָה, הִסְתַּוּוּת, מֻסְוֶה.

סוֹהֵר m.n. NH jailer, warder, prison officer. [From סֹהַר.]

סִוּוּג m.n. NH classification, categorization. [Verbal n. of סִוֵּג, Pi. of סוג ᴵᴵᴵ.]

סוּחָה f.n. offal, refuse (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 5:25). [Derived from a base סוח, which is related to סחה (q.v.).]

סוֹחֲפָנִי adj. NH erosive. [Formed from סוֹחֵף, act. part. of סָחַף (see סחף), with suff. ◌ָנִי.]

סוֹחֵר m.n. trader, merchant, businessman. [Subst. use of the act. part. of סָחַר (see סחר), and lit. meaning ‘one going round’.] Derivatives: סוֹחֲרִי, סוֹחֶרֶת ᴵᴵ.

סוֹחֵרָה, סֹחֵרָה f.n. buckler (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 91:4). [Related to Syr. סַכּֽרָא (= shield), Akka. siḫirtu (= wall enclosing a town, city wall), whence Syr. סֽחַרְתָּא (= stronghold).]

סוֹחֲרִי adj. NH of a merchant, businesslike, commercial. [Formed from סוֹחֵר with suff. ◌ִי.]

סוֹחֶֽרֶת ᴵ, סֹחֶֽרֶת f.n. a stone used with marble in paving (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Est. 1:6). [Prob. related to Akka. siḫru, name of a precious stone.]

סוֹחֶֽרֶת ᴵᴵ f.n. NH a businesswoman. [f. of סוֹחֵר.]

סוט to turn aside, move aside.
    — Qal - סָט he turned aside.
    — Hiph. - הֵסִיט he shifted, moved.
    — Hoph. - הוּסַט was shifted, was moved.
    — Niph. - נִסּוֹט, נִסַּט (of s.m.). [A secondary form of שׂוּט; related to שׂטה, סטה.] Derivatives: הֶסֵּט, הֲסָטָה, מוּסָט, מָסוֹט. cp. סֵט, סִיּוּט.

סוֹטֶה adj. PBH turning aside, deviating. [Act. part. of סָטָה. See סטה.]

סוֹיָה f.n. FW soya. [Japanese shōyū, from Chinese chiang-yu (= soybean oil).]

סְוִיטָה f.n. FW suite (music). [Fren. suite, lit.: ‘continuation’, metathesized from siwte (read siute), from L. sequita, f. p. part. of sequere (= to follow), and prob. related to L. socius (= fellow, companion, associate). cp. ‘sequel’ in my CEDEL. cp. also סוֹצְיָאל־, סוֹצְיָאלִי.]

סוך to anoint.
    — Qal - סָךְ 1 he anointed; 2 he anointed himself. [Aram. סוּךְ, Akka. sāku (= to anoint). A secondary form of נסך ᴵ.] Derivatives: סִיכָה, אָסוּךְ, הֲסָכָה, מְסוּכָה ᴵᴵ.

סוֹךְ, סוֹכָה m.n. resp. f.n. PBH a large branch. [Secondary forms of Biblical Heb. שׂוֹךְ, שׂוֹכָה.]

סוֹכֵךְ m.n. 1 protecting shield (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Nah. 2:6). NH 2 umbrella. NH 3 umbel (botany). [From סכך (= to cover).] Derivatives: סוֹכְכוֹן, סוֹכְכִי.

סוֹכְכוֹן m.n. NH a small umbrella. [Formed from סוֹכֵךְ with dimin. suff. ◌וֹן.]

סוֹכְכִי m.n. NH umbelliferous (botany). [Formed from סוֹכֵךְ with suff. ◌ִי.]

סוֹכֵן, סֹכֵן m.n. 1 servitor, steward. NH 2 agent. [According to some scholars, subst. use of the act. part. of סָכַן (see סכן ᴵ). According to others it is related to Akka. shaknu (= governor of a province); see סְגֶּן.] Derivative: סוֹכְנוּת.

סוֹכְנוּת f.n. NH agency. [Formed from סוֹכֵן with suff. ◌וּת.] Derivative: סוֹכְנוּתִי.

סוֹכְנוּתִי adj. NH agential. [Formed from סוֹכְנוּת with suff. ◌ִי.]

סוֹל ᴵ m.n. PBH thorn. [Related to סִלּוֹן ᴵ (= thorn).]

סוֹל ᴵᴵ m.n. FW G sol (music) — the fifth tone in the diatonic scale. [From It. solfa (= gamut), which is formed from the first syllable of the words sol-ve and fa-mulī occurring in a Latin hymn. cp. סוֹלְפֶג׳.]

סוֹלֵד adj. PBH shrinking, rebounding, recoiling. [Act. part. of סָלַד. See סלד.]

סוֹלוֹ m.n. FW solo (music). [It. solo, lit.: ‘alone’, from L. sōlus (= alone, single), which is of uncertain origin. cp. סוֹלִיסְט, סוֹלְמִיזַצְיָה, סוֹלָן.]

סוֹלְחָן adj. NH forgiving, indulgent. [From סלח. For the ending see agential suff. ◌ָן. cp. סַלְחָן.] Derivative: סוֹלְחָנוּת.

סוּלְחָה f.n. NH peace, reconciliation, coming to terms. [From Arab. ṣulḥ, originally meaning ‘peacemaking’ between Moslems and non-Moslems; not related to Heb. סלח.]

סוֹלְחָנוּת f.n. NH forgiveness, indulgence. [Formed from סוֹלְחָן with suff. ◌וּת. cp. סַלְחָנוּת.]

סוֹלִידִי adj. FW solid; serious. [From L. solidus (= firm, strong, solid), which is related to sollus (= whole, entire), salvus (= safe). See ‘safe’ in my CEDEL. For the ending of סוֹלִידִי see suff. ◌ִי. cp. סוֹלִידָרִי.] Derivative: סוֹלִידִיּוּת.

סוֹלִידִיּוּת f.n. FW solidity; seriousness. [Formed from סוֹלִידִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוֹלִידָרִי adj. FW solidary. [Fren. solidaire, from L. in solidum (= for the whole), from in (= in), and solidum (= the whole sum), subst. use of the neuter of solidus (= solid). See סוֹלִידִי and suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סוֹלִידָרִיּוּת.

סוֹלִידָרִיּוּת f.n. FW solidarity. [Formed from סוֹלִידָרִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוּלְיָה, סֻלְיָה f.n. PBH sole (of a shoe). [L. solea (= sole of a sandal, sandal; a flat fish, the sole), from solum (= the lowest part of a thing, ground, bottom, base; the floor of a room), which is of uncertain origin.]

סוֹלִיסְט m.n. FW soloist (music). [See סוֹלוֹ and suff. ◌ִיסְט and cp. סוֹלָן.]

סוֹלְלָה f.n. 1 mound of earth, rampart. NH 2 battery (electricity). [From סלל (= to cast up). For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.] Derivative: סוֹלֶלֶת.

סוֹלֶֽלֶת battery (electricity). [From סוֹלְלָה. For the ending see suff. ◌ֶת.]

סוֹלְמִיזַצְיָה f.n. FW solmization (music). [Formed from the syllables sol and mi. For the ending see suff. ‘-ization’ in my CEDEL.]

סוֹלָן m.n. NH soloist. [A hybrid coined from It. solo (= see סוֹלוֹ) and Heb. agential ◌ָן.]

סוֹלֶנוֹאִיד m.n. FW solenoid (electricity). [Fren. solénoïde, from Gk. soleneidos (= pipe-shaped), from solen (= pipe, channel), and eidos (= form, shape). For the first element see סִילוֹן, for the second see אִידֵאָה.]

סוֹלָנוּם m.n. FW Solanum (a genus of plants). [L. sōlanum, lit.: ‘sunflower’, from sōl (= sun), which derives from IE base sāwel-, sul-, which are - l- enlargements of base sāu-, sū- (= to shine; sun). See ‘sol’ in my CEDEL. For - en- enlargements of base sāu-, sū see ‘sun’ ibid. cp. סוֹלָר. cp. also הֶלְיוּם.]

סוֹלְפֶג׳ m.n. FW solfeggio (music). [It. solfeggio, from solfa (= gamut). See סוֹל ᴵᴵ.]

סוּלְפָה f.n. FW sulfa (chemistry). [From L. sulpur, sulphur, sulfur.]

סוּלְפָט m.n. FW sulfate (chemistry). [From L. See סוּלְפָה. For the ending see chemical suff. ‘-ate’ in my CEDEL.]

סוּלְפִיד m.n. FW sulfide (chemistry). [From L. See סוּלְפָה. For the ending see suff. ‘-ide’ in my CEDEL.]

סוּלְפִיט m.n. FW sulfite (chemistry). [From L. See סוּלְפָה. For the ending see subst. suff. ‘-ite’ in my CEDEL.]

סוֹלָר m.n. FW solar oil. [From L. sōlāris (= of the sun), from sōl (= sun). See סוֹלָנוּם.]

סוּמָא, סוֹמֵא m.n. PBH blind man. [From סמא (= to be blind).]

סוֹמֵךְ m.n. 1 supporter. PBH 2 pole pin. [Subst. use of the act. part. of סמך.] Derivative: סוֹמְכָה.

סוֹמְכָה f.n. NH easel, support. [Formed from סוֹמֵךְ, act. part. of סָמַךְ (see סמך), on the analogy of תּוֹמְכָה (of s.m.). cp. סָמוֹךְ, סָמוֹכָה.]

סוּמְפּוֹנְיָה f.n. 1 bagpipe. NH 2 symphony. [BAram., from Gk. symphonia (= concord of sound, harmony, agreement), from symphonos (= agreeing in sound), from syn (= with, together with) and phone (= sound). See פוֹנֶטִיקָה and cp. סִימֽפוֹנְיָה. cp. also סִמְפּוֹן ᴵᴵ. For the ending see suff. ◌ֽיָה.]

סָוָנָה f.n. FW savanna(h). [Sp. zavana (now spelt sabana), from Taino zavana.]

סוֹנֶטָּה f.n. FW sonnet. [Fren. sonnet, from It. sonetto (= a kind of song), prop. dimin. of son (= sound, song), from L. sonus (= sound), from base swen- (= to sound). See ‘sonant’ and ‘swan’ in my CEDEL and cp. דִּיסּוֹנַנְס, קוֹנְסוֹנַנְס, קוֹנְסוֹנַנְט and רֶזוֹנַנְס.]

סוֹנָטִינָה f.n. FW sonatina. [It. sonatina, properly ‘a short sonata’, dimin. of sonata (= an instrumental composition), lit.: ‘anything sounded’, from sonare (= to sound), from L. sonāre (= to sound), which stands for swenāre and is related to sonus. See סוֹנֶטָּה.]

סוּנִים m.n. pl. NH Sunnis (Moslem sect). [From Arab. sunnī, which is formed from sunna (= way, custom, course, tradition), with - ī, a suff. expressing relationship.]

סוּס m.n. horse. [Aram.-Syr. סוּסְיָא, Akka. sisū, Egypt. ssmt (= horse). See ‘equine’ in my CEDEL.] Derivatives: סוּסָה, סוּסוֹן, סוּסִי, סַיָּס.

סוּסָה f.n. mare (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Cant. 1:9 in the form סֻסָתִי). [f. of סוּס.]

סוּסוֹן m.n. NH small horse, pony. [Formed from סוּס with dimin. suff. ◌וֹן.]

סוּסִי adj. NH of a horse, horsy, equine. [Formed from סוּס with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סוּסִיּוּת.

סוּסִיּוּת f.n. NH horsiness. [Formed from סוּסִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוֹעֶה adj. rushing (said of a storm), stormy (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ps. 55:9 in the phrase רוּחַ סוֹעָה, ‘a stormy wind’). [Act. part. of סעה.]

סוֹעֵר adj. stormy, raging. [Act. part. of סָעַר. See סער.]

סוף to come to an end, cease.
    — Qal - סָף came to an end, ceased.
    — Hiph. - הֵסִיף he made an end of. [Aram. סוּף (= to cease), Syr. סָף (= came to an end, ceased, perished), Arab. sāfa (= he disappeared, perished).] Derivatives: סוֹף, prob. also סוּפָה.

סוֹף m.n. end, finish. [From סוף. cp. Aram. סוֹפָא, Syr. סוּפָא (= end). It is prob. an Aramaism. cp. סֵיפָא, סְיָפָה.] Derivatives: סוֹפִי, סוֹפִית, מָסוֹף.

סוּף m.n. rush, reed; Typha (a genus of plants). [Egypt. twfj (= reed, rush). cp. Arab. ṣūf-al-bahr (= seaweed).]

סוֹפֵג adj. PBH absorbing. [Act. part. of סָפַג. See ספג.] Derivative: סוֹפְגָנִי.

סוֹפְגָנִי adj. NH absorbent. [Formed from סוֹפֵג with suff. ◌ָנִי.]

סוּפָה f.n. storm, tempest. [Prob. derived from סוף. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סוֹפִי adj. MH final, finite. [Formed from סוֹף with suff. ◌ִי.] Derivative: סוֹפִיּוּת.

סוֹפִיּוּת f.n. NH finality. [Formed from סוֹפִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוֹפִיזְם m.n. FW sophism. [Gk. sophisma, from the stem of sophizein (= to make wise, instruct), from sophos (= clever, skilled, prudent, cunning, learned, wise), which is of uncertain origin. For the ending see suff. ◌ִיזְם. cp. סוֹפִיסְט. cp. also the second element in תֵּיאוֹסוֹפְיָה.]

סוֹפִיסְט m.n. FW sophist. [Gk. sophistes (= a clever, skillful, wise man; one who gave lessons in grammar, rhetoric, etc. for money, a quibbler), from the stem of sophizein. See סוֹפִיזְם and suff. ◌ִיסְט.]

סוּפִיקְס m.n. FW suffix. [L. suffixum, neuter p. part. of suffigere (= to attach, affix), from sub- (= under) and fīgere (= to fasten, fix).]

סוֹפִית f.n. NH suffix. [Coined by Prof. M.H. Segal (1878–1968) from סוֹף (= end), and suff. ◌וּת. cp. תְּחִלִּית.]

סוֹפֵר m.n. 1 scribe. PBH 2 scholar, teacher. PBH 3 masorete. NH 4 writer, author. [Part. of סָפַר (= he counted, numbered; used in the special sense ‘to write’. A similar sense development appears in Akka. shāpiru (= scribe, messenger, official), Punic and OAram. קפר (= scribe), Aram.-Syr. סָפְרָא (= scribe, scholar, teacher). cp. סָפְרָא.] Derivative: סוֹפְרוּת.

סוּפֶּר◌ FW pref. meaning ‘over’, ‘above’, ‘on the top of’, ‘beyond’. [L. super, related to suprā (of s.m.), and cogn. with Gk. uper (= over, above, beyond), from IE base uper-, uperi- (= over, above, beyond), which is properly a comparative from base upo- (= from below; turning upward, upward; up, over, beyond), whence also L. sub- (= under). See סוּבּ◌ and cp. הִיפֶּר◌, סוּבֶרֶנִי and סוֹפְּרָנוֹ. cp. also ‘over’ in my CEDEL.]

סוֹפְרוּת f.n. NH the profession of a scribe. [Formed from סוֹפֵר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוּפְרָזִ׳יזְם m.n. FW[[illegible]] suffragettism. [Formed with suff. ◌ִיזְם from Fren. suffrage, from L. suffrāgium (= voting tablet; vote, assent, support), properly ‘shout of approval’, from sub- (= under; see סוּבּ◌), and fragor (= breaking to pieces; crash, noise, din), from the stem of frangere (= to break), which derives from IE base bhreg- (= to break). See ‘break’ in my CEDEL.]

סוֹפְּרָנוֹ m.n. FW soprano (music). [It. soprano, a var. of sovrano (= highest; supreme, sovereign), from Med. L. superānus (= chief, principal), from L. super (= over, above, on the top, beyond). See סוּפֶּר◌ and cp. סוּבֶרֶנִי.]

סוֹפְשָׁבֽוּעַ m.n. NH weekend. [Compounded of סוֹף (= end) and שָׁבוּעַ (= week), on the analogy of Eng. weekend.]

סוֹצְיָאל◌ FW social- (combining form as in סוֹצְיָאל־דֶמוֹקְרָט, ‘social democrat’). [From L. sociālis. See סוֹצְיָאלִי.]

סוֹצְיָאלִי adj. FW social. [L. sociālis (= pertaining to companionship, companionable, social), from socius (= companion). cp. סוֹצְיָאלִיזְם.] Derivative: סוֹצְיָאלִיּוּת.

סוֹצְיָאלִיּוּת f.n. FW sociality. [Formed from סוֹצְיָאלִי with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוֹצְיָאלִיזְם m.n. FW socialism. [From Eng. socialism or Fren. socialisme. Eng. socialism was first applied (about 1830) to the teachings of Robert Owen. Fren. socialisme appears first about the same time and orig. denoted the teachings of Saint-Simon. Pierre Leroux (1797–1871), idealistic social reformer and Saint-Simonian publicist, expressly claims to be the originator of the word socialisme.]

סוֹצְיָאלִיסְט m.n. FW socialist. [Eng. socialist, formed from Eng. social and suff. -ist. The name arose about the same time as socialism (see סוֹצְיָאלִיזְם) and orig. denoted the adherents of Robert Owen. cp. Fren. socialiste, which appears about the same time and was first used by the adherents of Saint-Simon.] Derivative: סוֹצְיָאלִיסְטִי.

סוֹצְיָאלִיסְטִי adj. FW socialistic. [Formed from סוֹצְיָאלִיסְט with suff. ◌ִי.]

סוֹצְיוֹלוֹגְיָה f.n. FW sociology. [Fren. sociologie, a hybrid coined by the French philosopher Isidore Auguste Comte (1798–1857) from L. socius (= companion), and Gk. logia. See סוֹצְיָאלִי and ◌לוֹגְיָה.]

סור ᴵ to turn aside; to depart.
    — Qal - סָר 1 he turned aside; 2 he departed; 3 it came to an end, ceased.
    — Hiph. - הֵסִיר 1 he caused to turn aside; 2 he caused to depart, removed; 3 he put aside.
    — Hoph. - הוּסַר was taken away, was removed.
    — Pol. - סוֹרֵר he turned aside. [Related to זור ᴵ. cp. סיר. cp. also שׂור ᴵⱽ.] Derivatives: סוּר ᴵ, סוּר ᴵᴵ, סָרָה, הֲסָרָה.

סור ᴵᴵ to stack, heap.
    — Pi. - סִוֵּר he stacked, heaped. [Denominated from סְוָאר, סְוָר.]

סוּר ᴵ adj. removed, separated. [Pass. part. of סָר. See סור.]

סוּר ᴵᴵ m.n. degenerate branch (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Jer. 2:21 in the form סוּרֵי. [Substuse of סוּר ᴵ.]

סוֹר m.n. PBH leaven; whence fig. ‘original nature’, ‘character’. [Contraction of סֵאוֹר (q.v.).]

סַוָּר m.n. NH stevedore. [Nomen opificis formed from סְוָאר, סְוָר.] Derivative: סַוָּרוּת.

סְוָר see סְוָאר.

סוֹרֵג m.n. PBH latticework. [From סרג.]

סוּרוֹגָט m.n. FW surrogate. [L. surrogātus, p. part. of surrogāre (= to put in another’s place, substitute), from sub- (= under; see סוּבּ◌), and rogāre (= to ask, demand, to offer someone for election), properly ‘to have a desire for’.]

סַוָּרוּת f.n. NH stevedorage. [Formed from סַוָּר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סוֹרֵֽחַ adj. spreading (occurring Ezek. 17:6 in the phrase גֶפֶן סֹרַחַת, ‘spreading vine’). [Act. part. of סָרַח. See סרח ᴵ.]

סוּרִי adj. NH Syrian. [Back formation from סוּרְיָה (= Syria). See סוּרְסִי.]

סוּרֵיאָלִיזְם m.n. FW surrealism. [Fren. surréalisme, lit.: ‘movement going beyond realism’, from sur- (= above, beyond), from L. super (see סוּפֶּר◌), and réalisme. See רֵיאָלִיזְם.]

סוּרְסִי adj. PBH Syrian, Syriac. [Formed from Syros (= Syrian), back formation from Syria (= Syria), from Syrioi (= Syrians), a name orig. given to the Assyrians — Syrioi being an aphetic form of Assyrioi (= Assyrians).]

סוֹרֵר adj. rebellious, stubborn. [Act. part. of סָרַר. See סרר.] Derivative: סוֹרְרוּת.

סוֹרְרוּת f.n. NH rebelliousness, stubbornness. [Formed from סוֹרֵר with suff. ◌וּת.]

סות to entice, seduce, allure.
    — Hiph. - הֵסִית, הִסִּית he enticed, seduced, allured.
    — Hoph. - הוּסַת was enticed, was seduced, was allured.
    — Niph. - נִסַּת (of s.m.). [A base with no equivalents in the other Sem. languages.] Derivatives: הֶסֵּת, הֲסָתָה, מוּסָת.

סוּת f.n. (pl. סוּתוֹת) garment (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Gen. 49:11 in the form סוּתֹה, ‘his garment’). [From סוה.]

סוֹתֵר adj. PBH contradictory. [Act. part. of סָתַר. See סתר ᴵᴵ.]

סחב to drag, draw, pull.
    — Qal - סָחַב he dragged, drew.
    — Niph. - נִסְחַב was dragged, was drawn.
    — Hiph. - הִסְחִיב he dragged, drew.
    — Hith. - הִסְתַּחֵב he dragged himself, drew himself. [Phoen. סחב (= to drag), Arab. saḥaba (= he dragged along, trailed on the ground), Ethiop. saḥaba (= he dragged).] Derivatives: סַחַב, סְחָבָה, סַחֲבָן, סַחֶבֶת, סָחוּב, סְחִיבָה, הִסָּחֲבוּת, מִסְחָב.

סַֽחַב m.n. NH dragging. [From סחב.]

סְחָבָה f.n. garment worn out, rag (in the Bible occurring only Jer. 38:11 and 12, in the pl.). [From סחב. For the ending see first suff. ◌ָה.]

סַחֲבָן m.n. NH pilferer. [Formed from סחב with agential suff. ◌ָן. The word lit. means ‘one who is used to drag things away’.]

סַחֶֽבֶת f.n. ‘red tape’. [Lit.: ‘disease of dragging’. Coined from סחב according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת, serving to form names of diseases. See אַדֶּמֶת and cp. words there referred to.]

סחה to scrape off, wipe off.
    — Pi. - סִחָה he scraped off, wiped off (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Ezek. 26:4 in the form וְסִחֵיתִי). [Arab. saḥā (= he scraped away).] Derivative: סְחִי.

סָחוּב adj. MH dragged. [Pass. part. of סָחַב. See סחב.]

סָחוּט adj. MH squeezed, pressed. [Pass. part. of סָחַט. See סחט and cp. שָׂחוּט.]

סִחוּי m.n. PBH swimming. [From שׂחה (= to swim). cp. Aram. סְחָא (= he swam).]

סְחוּס m.n. PBH cartilage. [This word arose through a misreading of חַסְחוּס (q.v.) as הַסְּחוּס, whose ה was mistaken for the article and was consequently dropped. For a similar misreading see דּוּת.] Derivative: סְחוּסִי.

סְחוּסִי adj. NH cartilaginous. [Formed from סְחוּס with suff. ◌ִי.]